Theres A Mousetrap in the House

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Theres A Mousetrap in the House

• Adolescent Drug Use and the Arkansas Prevention
  Needs Assessment Survey

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Should we trust youth substance abuse survey
reports?

• Monitoring the Future
• Youth Risk Behavior Survey
• National Household Survey on Drugs

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Lets graph some data.Pages App 60-63

• Risk Inhalants Alcohol 30Day Use
• Grades
• 6th
• 8th
• 10th
• 12th

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25 of U.S. Children Are Exposed to Household
Alcohol Abuse

• More than 28 million Americans are children of
  alcoholics nearly 11 million are under the age
  of 18.
• This means that 1in 4 children are exposed to
  alcohol abuse or alcohol dependence in the family
  household.
• (2006 National Household Survey on
  Drugs)

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Alcohol, Tobacco, or Illicit Drugs Appear in
Almost One-Half of Music Videos

• Alcohol, tobacco, or illicit drugs appear
  visually in 45 and verbally in 33 of music
  videos, according to a study of videos aired on
  three U.S. music television networks.
• While references to substances in music
  videos is relatively low compared to movies and
  television the study found that music videos
  portray alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use as
  behaviors people naturally do when they socialize
  and rarely leads to consequences of any kind.
  (CESAR FAX Volume 8, Issue 37 and CESAR FAX
  Volume 9, Issue 46),

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Anheuser-Busch, Inc H20
After Hurricane Katrina, storm victims were left
without many basic necessities, including fresh
water. Anheuser-Busch produced over 2 million
cans of fresh drinking water, packaged in
beer-shaped cans that feature the Anheuser-Busch
name and logo.
(http//www.marininstitute.org/alcohol_industry/th
umbs.htm)
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WHAT IS APNA?The Arkansas Prevention Needs
Assessment (APNA) Survey is based upon the Risk
and Protective Factor Model of Substance Abuse
Prevention.
HANDOUT Acknowledgements www.arkansas.pridesurvey
s.com Executive Summary 1-100 Narrative
graphs Appendix 1-9 Copy of Survey
Questions 10-13 Risk and Protective Factor Survey
Scales 13-37 s for Responses 38-49
Dictionary 53-145 Results
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Arkansas Prevention Needs Assessment Survey

• The Arkansas Prevention Needs Assessment (APNA)
  Survey was
• administered in fall 2007 to students in grades
  6, 8, 10, and 12.
• The APNA Survey was designed to measure the
  need for prevention services in the areas of
  substance abuse, delinquency, antisocial
  behavior, and violence.
• The questions on the survey ask youth about the
  factors that place them at risk for substance use
  and other problem behaviors, along with the
  factors that reduce the probability of their
  engaging in problem behaviors. The survey also
  inquires about the use of alcohol, tobacco and
  other drugs (ATODs) and participation in various
  antisocial behaviors.
• (APNA survey conducted from 1999-2007)

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Protective Factors

• Community
• Opportunities for Pro-social Involvement
• Rewards for Pro-social Involvement

Family Family Attachment Opportunities for
Pro-social Involvement Rewards for Pro-social
Involvement
School Opportunities for Pro-social Involvement
Rewards for Pro-social Involvement
Peer / Individual Religiosity Social Skills
Belief in Moral Order Interaction with
Pro-social Peers Pro-social Involvement Rewards
for Pro-social Involvement
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Lets graph some Community Risk
Risk Transition Mobility Family History of
Anti-Social Behavior
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Lets graph some Family Risk
Risk Favorable Parent Attitude
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Lets graph School Risk
Risk Low Commitment to School
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Individual/Peer
Risk Sensation Seeking
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School Participation

• The APNA Survey was coordinated by the Office of
  Alcohol and Drug Abuse Prevention (ADAP),
  Division of Behavioral Health, Arkansas
  Department of Human Services.
• ADAP contracted International Survey Associates,
  dba Pride Surveys to conduct the survey. A total
  of 208 of the states 245 school districts
  (84.8) participated in the APNA Survey.

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Student Participation

• 88,040 students returned completed 2007 APNA
  surveys.
• 8,442 surveys were removed from the dataset, a
  total of 79,598 students were included in the
  final dataset and available for analysis.
• 3,785 students reported either being at a grade
  level not in the survey population (i.e., 7th,
  9th or 11th grades) or reported a grade level
  that was not taught at their school (eg, 12th
  grade at an elementary school). A separate total
  of 5,645 students were identified as providing an
  invalid survey by one or more validity checks.

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APNA Participant Demographics

• Equal number of males and females took the
  survey in all grades (female 52.1 and males
  47.9). The majority of respondents were White
  (61.3), with the next largest ethnic groups
  being African American (16.5) and Hispanic
  (8.3). Other ethnic groups accounted for 13.9
  of the respondents.

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Early Initiation

• Of the youth who reporting cigarettes, the
  average age of first use was 12.1 years.
• The age of first use of alcohol was 12.6 years,
  and the first regular use of alcohol at 14.1
  years.
• Of the youth who had used marijuana, the average
  age of first use was 13.6 years.

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Lifetime Use

• Lifetime use is seen as a good measure of youth
  experimentation with alcohol, tobacco, and other
  drugs.
• The most commonly used substances are alcohol
  (45.5 of Arkansas survey participants in the
  2007 APNA Survey have used at least once),
  cigarettes (30.0 have used), smokeless tobacco
  (14.8 have used), marijuana (15.5 have used),
  and inhalants (13.0 have used).

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30 Day Drug Use

• When looking at the percentage of youth who
  indicated that they used ATODs in the past 30
  days, an increase in use by grade level can be
  seen with all substances except inhalants. For
  example, only 1.9 of 6th graders had smoked
  cigarettes in the past 30 days, whereas the rate
  for 12th graders was 23.5. However, 30-day
  inhalant use peaked at grade 8 (6.5) and
  declined to 2.3 for grade 12.

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30 Day Use

• More Arkansas youth in grades 8, 10, and 12 have
  used cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, and inhalants
  in the past 30 days than the national sample. For
  cigarettes, 1.0 more Arkansas 8th graders, 1.3
  more 10th graders, and 1.9 more 12th graders
  used. For smokeless tobacco, 2.3 more Arkansas
  8th graders, 3.4 more 10th graders, and 4.2
  more 12th graders used.

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Sources of Obtaining Alcohol

• Across all grades, Arkansas youth reported that
  the most common source of alcohol is from someone
  older than 21 years of age. This source becomes
  increasingly used as students progress from the
  6th grade to the 12th grade (1.6, 29.7,
  respectively). The likelihood of alcohol-using
  students obtaining alcohol from someone less than
  21 years of age, buying alcohol with or without a
  fake ID, and obtaining alcohol from a stranger
  also increases with grade level.

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Places of Using Alcohol

• Students in the 8th, 10th, and 12th grade
  indicated that they usually drank alcohol at
  someone elses house. Students become more likely
  to drink at someone elses house as they advance
  through the grades (2.3 in the 6th grade, 11.6
  in the 8th grade, 26.6 in the 10th grade, and
  36.9 in the 12th grade). The second most popular
  place where youth usually drank was at their
  homes (4.0 in the 6th grade, 10.6 in the 8th
  grade, 13.2 in the 10th grade, and 11.7 in the
  12th grade).

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Whats popular and being marketed to young people?
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Energy Drinks
Red Bull, Venom, Adrenaline Rush, 180, ISO
Sprint, and Whoopass which contain large doses
of caffeine and other legal stimulants like
ephedrine, guarana, and ginseng. Energy drinks
may contain as much as 80 mg of caffeine, the
equivalent of a cup of coffee. Compared to the 37
mg. of caffeine in a Mountain Dew, or the 23 mg.
in a Coca-Cola Classic, that's a big punch.
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Alcoholic Energy Drinks
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(No Transcript)
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Marijuana Greenades
Instructions on the foil told users to chew for
30 minutes to 1 hour "before you would like
receive your high" and to "chew for as long as
possible, then swallow."
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SKOAL DRY
Each can contains 20 tobacco packs of 100
American-grown tobacco.
A new spit-free, smokeless tobacco pouch product
designed for adult smokers from the smokeless
tobacco experts.
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Flip Flops with a built-in flask in each heel.
The shoes also come with a little funnel to make
filling the flask easier and a "church key" that
is used to open the flask.  They have been sold
on eBay for around 45.
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Prescription Drug Abuse

• Bowls and baggies of random pills often are
  called "trail mix," and collecting pills from the
  family medicine chest is called "pharming."
• Pharm Party short for pharmaceuticals, such as
  the powerful painkillers Vicodin and OxyContin.
• In a 2005 survey by the Partnership for a
  Drug-Free America, 19 of U.S. teenagers
  roughly 4.5 million youths reported having
  taken prescription painkillers such as Vicodin or
  OxyContin or stimulants such as Ritalin or
  Adderall to get high.

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How does youth substance abuse impact their
school academics?
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Students Academic Performance and Substance Use

• A clear relationship exists between substance use
  and school performance. Of the students who
  reported getting better grades, fewer have tried
  ATODs and fewer are currently using ATODs than
  those who report poorer grades. For example,
  failing (D or F) students are nearly six times
  more likely to have indicated use of marijuana in
  the past 30 days than students achieving A
  grades.

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Charting and using APNA Data
How wrong do your parents feel it would be for
you to use alcohol, cigarettes or marijuana?
(Handout)
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What can you do?

• Encourage your schools
• Assist your school with APNA
• Review and utilize APNA data
• Contact Joe Hill at ADAP 501-686-9871