Expulsion from Prekindergarten

1
Expulsion from Prekindergarten

• Rates and Predictors
• Walter S. Gilliam, PhD
• The Edward Zigler Center in Child Development and
  Social Policy
• Child Study Center, Yale University School of
  Medicine
• March 7, 2006
• Association of Maternal Child Health Programs
  Annual Conference
• Arlington, VA

2
Work Supported by

• Foundation for Child Development
• Pew Charitable Trusts
• National Institute for Early Education Research
• A.L. Mailman Family Foundation
• Schott Foundation for Public Education

3
The State-Funded PreK Explosion

• State administered funded
• Serves children 3-4
• Classroom-based
• Goal School Readiness

4
State-Funded PreK State-Funded Head Start
5
National Prekindergarten Study

• CSC conducted policy and legislative analyses on
  PreK since 1996
• The NPS is the only national study of the
  implementation of PreK
• Data from 3,898 classrooms randomly selected
  across all 40 states that fund PreK
• Response rate 81 Margin of error lt 2

6
Expulsion from Preschool?

• Expulsion variables only a small part of NPS

• The Expulsion Question
• Over past 12 months
• Required terminating participation in program
• No transition to more appropriate setting

7
Expulsion Results Nation

• 10.4 of PreK teachers expelled at least 1 child
  in past year due to behavior problems
• 1 child (78) 2 children (15)
• 3 children (6) 4 children (1)
• PreK Expulsion Rate 6.7 / 1,000
• K-12 Expulsion Rate 2.1 / 1,000

8
Rates

• NPS
• 3,898 classrooms 81 Response Rate
• Rate 6.7/1,000 (10 Classes)
• Detroit, MI (Grannan, Colier Cole, 1999)
• 127 Preschools Daycares 28 RR
• Rate 27.5/1,000
• Chicago, IL (Cutler Gilkerson, 2002)
• 195 I/T Child Care Centers 38 RR
• Rate 42 of Centers
• Alaska (Alaska CCPO, 2005)
• 118 Child Care Centers 71 RR
• Rate 35 Centers
• Massachusetts (Gilliam Shahar, in press)
• 119 Classes 64 RR
• Rate 27.4/1,000 (39 Classes)

9
State PreK Expulsion Rates
10
(No Transcript)
11
TV Play on All Major Stations
12
Who Gets Expelled?

• 4-year-olds 50 more likely than 3s
• Boys 3½ times more likely than girls
• African Americans 2 times rate of European
  Americans 5 times rate of Asian Americans

13
High Child-Teacher Ratio Predicts Expulsion
14
Length of School Day Predicts Expulsion
15
Logistic Regression Analyses
16
(No Transcript)
17
Access to Behavioral Supports Associated with
Lower Expulsion
18
Evaluating Connecticuts ECCP

• Nearing end of a 2-year evaluation
• (results expected Summer 2006)
• Randomized Experiment (2525), plus Multiple
  Baseline Study Comparison Group (2525)
• Examining effects on expulsion rates, child
  behavior, classroom practices, teacher job stress

19
(No Transcript)
20
For More Info

• Walter S. Gilliam, PhD
• Director
• The Edward Zigler Center in Child Development and
  Social Policy
• Child Study Center
• Yale University School of Medicine
• 230 South Frontage Road
• PO Box 207900
• New Haven, CT 06520-7900
• Phone [phone]
• Email walter.gilliam_at_yale.edu
• Available online www.fcd-us.org