Paths to War

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Paths to War

• Germany and Japan decide in order for their
  empires to grow they must take over neighboring
  lands and their resources. Both hope for a
  peaceful submission and avoid war, but their
  actions will be viewed in a negative way.

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German Path to War

• Main Ideas
• Hitlers theory of racial domination laid the
  foundation for aggressive expansion of Germany
• Needs more land for Aryan empire (lebensarum)
• looks toward Soviet Union
• Needs slave labor to build Third Reich
• Turns to the Slavic people
• Hitler violates the Treaty of Versailles, forms
  new alliances, makes demands, and invades
  countries

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Hitler violates the Treaty of Versailles

• Hitler
• Begins military draft and has plans for air force
• Sent German troops into Rhineland

• Italy, Great Britain, and France
• Condemned Hitlers actions and warned no more but
  were busy with internal, economic problems and
  does nothing
• France cannot act with Great Britains support
  who feels Hitler is only acting in retaliation
  but to let it go and keep Hitler happy

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Alliances

• Mussolini (Italy)
• Wants to create a new Roman empire
• Invades Ethiopia
• Aligns with Germany after Great Britain and
  France are angry with invasion
• With Hitler, sends support to Franco in Spain
• Made alliance with Germany called Rome-Berlin
  Axis

• Austria
• Creates union with his native land
• (Anschluss)
• Threatens to invade
• Forces chancellor to put Austrian Nazis in charge
  of govt
• New govt allows Hitler and troops to enter
• Annexed Austria to Germany

• Japan
• Makes alliance one month after Italian alliance
• Anti Comintern Pact against Communism

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Demands and Appeasement

• Goal destroy Czechoslovakia
• Demands to be given Sudetenland
• Land were many Germans were already living
• Said he would go to war if needed
• Munich Conference
• Great Britain, France, Germany, and Italy meet in
  Munich and made an agreement that met most of his
  demands
• Hitler promises no more demands
• Chamberlain says this is peace for our time and
  believes Hitler
• Results German troops are allowed to occupy
  Sudetenland, and Czechs are helpless without
  allies

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Hitler and European Powers

• Hitler feels invincible and unstoppable
• Western Czech
• Invades and takes over Bohemia and Moravia
• Eastern Czech
• Slovakia becomes puppet state

• France and Great Britain
• Realizes Hitler lied
• Great Britain offers to protect Poland from
  Hitlers demand of controlling Polands port
• France and Great Britain turn to Soviet Union and
  Stalin for assistance

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Hitler continues on his path to war

• Hitler
• Believes Western powers will not step up to help
  Poland
• Does not want a two-front war if Great Britain
  and France do make an alliance with Soviet Union
  so he makes the alliance first
• Nazi-Soviet Nonaggression Pact
• 2 nations promised not to attack each other
• Hitler promises Stalin control of eastern Poland
  and Baltic states
• He was lying again

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Germany Invades Poland

• World is shocked by Nonaggression Pact
• Treaty gave Hitler freedom to enter Poland
• German forces invade Poland
• Two days later Britain and France declared war on
  Germany

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The Japanese Path to War

• Main Idea
• - Japan has their own plans to seize other
  countries for natural resources

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Japan takes over Manchuria

• Japan blew up small section of Manchurian
  railroad but blamed it on China in order to
  justify taking Manchuria with rapid military
  advances
• Japanese were happy with conquest since 30
  million Chinese were living in an area larger
  than Japan
• Manchuria offered many valuable resources
• Japan now wants to conquer more and expand

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Manchukuo and the League of Nations

• Japanese created state
• Has a puppet ruler Henry Pu Yi
• He had been abdicated from the throne following
  the revolution of 1911
• League of Nations investigates the seizure which
  causes Japan to remove itself
• US refused to recognize new state but does not
  threaten force

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Japan continues expanding

• Established control over eastern part of Inner
  Mongolia
• Takes over areas in North China around Beijing
• Military held upper hand and connected to
  politics via government

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War with China

• Chiang Kai-shek aims to avoid war with Japan so
  they can focus on war on Communism
• He allows Japan to govern areas in north China
• Japan moves further south and faced opposition in
  Chinese cities
• Chiang stops fighting the Communists to focus on
  Japan
• Both sides begin fighting and hostiles spread
• Japan seized Chinese capital of Nanjing
• Chiang refused to surrender and continued to move
  capital
• Japan came kept following destroying everything
  in its path
• China refused to surrender and endeared suffering
  throughout the course of the war

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The New Asian Order

• Japan
• wants China to join New Order in East Asia
• Consists of Japan, Manchuria, and China
• would guide areas to prosperity
• Seize Soviet Siberia (rich resources)
• Wants to makes alliance with Germany so they can
  take over the Soviet Union and divide resources
• Germany makes nonaggression pact with Soviet
  Union and Japan reconsiders plan
• Japan now focuses on raw materials in Southeast
  Asia so they can defeat the Soviet Union

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Japan Launches Attack

• Japan wants to move southward, even if Western
  powers will react
• Japan demands right to exploit economic resources
  in French Indochina
• US threatens to retaliate with economic sanctions
• Japan is upset because they need oil and iron
  from US
• After much debate Japan continues by launching a
  surprise attack on US and European colonies in SE
  Asia