World Hunger Introduction

1
World Hunger Introduction

• Sources
• The State of Food Insecurity 2005 (FAO)
• Millennium Development Goals Report 2005
• The World Food Problem (2004, Leathers and Foster)

2
World Hunger Facts

• Worldwide, over 850 million people are
  undernourished
• one in seven
• Dont get enough calories each day
• Susceptible to illness
• Unable to lead productive lives
• Chronic undernourishment
• Due to extreme poverty

http//www.ehponline.org/docs/2004/112-14/hungry.j
pg
3
World Hunger Increased in 2007

• 50 million more people hungry in 2007
• Than 2006 (FAO)
• Food prices up
• Increased demand from emerging countries
• Population increase
• Economic development
• Biofuels production
• Reduced crop production
• Climate change

http//www.fao.org/fileadmin/templates/faohome/hom
e_photo/image_home_en.jpg
4
World Hunger Facts

• Over 20,000 people die each day due to causes
  related to undernutrition
• ¾ of these are children under the age of 5
• About 6 million/year

http//www.smh.com.au/ffximage/2005/06/30/poverty_
wideweb__430x387.jpg
5
Undernutrition and Child Death
http//rehydrate.org/images/child-deaths-undernutr
ition.gif
ftp//ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/008/a0200e/a0199e.pdf
6
Common Scenario

• Mother
• Poorly educated
• Food is scarce
• Several children
• Youngest child
• undernourished
• Disease resistance low
• Drinks unsanitary water
• Develops diarrhea
• Loses interest in eating

http//static.flickr.com/73/193642829_3da338122c.j
pg
7
Common Scenario

• Mother removes solids from childs diet
• Not enough nourishment to fight disease
• Diarrhea continues
• Mother removes liquids
• Dehydration
• Death

http//www.aa2sbu.org/aaezine/images/Fall2002/Star
ving_child_carried.jpg
8
Importance of Maternal Health
http//www.fao.org/docrep/008/a0200e/a0200e00.htm
9
Causes of Hunger

• Poverty
• 2.8 billion people earn less than 2/day
• Based on Purchasing Power Parity

http//www.tribuneindia.com/2005/20050513/d.jpg
10
Causes of Hunger

• Extreme Poverty
• 1.2 Billion people earn less than 1/day
• 75 of these live in rural areas
• many unable to own land
• Worst in Sub-Saharan Africa
• Based on Purchasing Power Parity

http//www.thp.org/africa/1bapr1-360.jpg
11
World Hunger Map
www.feedingminds.org/ img/map_world.jpg
12
Sachs, J. 2005, The End of Poverty Economic
Possibilities for Our Time.
13
Worldwide life expectancy
http//www.theglobaleducationproject.org/earth/ima
ges/final-images/life-expectancy-map.gif
14
Side effects of Hunger and Poverty
ftp//ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/008/a0200e/a0199e.pdf
15
Population Pressure

• World Population has doubled in 40 years
• Most of increase in developing countries
• 5 billion people
• Poverty and economic insecurity result in
  population growth
• Children are a source of wealth to the poor

http//www.sustainablescale.org/images/uploaded/Po
pulation/World20Population20Growth20to202050.J
PG
16
Hope Demographic Transition

• Example U.S. History
• When U.S. became industrial, fewer kids/family
  needed
• Lowered infant mortality
• No need to rely on childrens labor
• More opportunities for women
• Happened without birth control

http//bss.sfsu.edu/tygiel/Hist427/1920sphotos/for
dassemblylinehist102.jpg
17
Agricultural Revolution
Hunters Gatherers
Agriculture
Food production
Expanding population environmental destruction
Conquest for land
Population Growth
Technology
Culture
18
Effect of the Agricultural Revolution
Wealth
Elite
Own land, Well-fed Educated, Health care,
Opportunities
Poverty
Wealth, Tribute
Food, Resources
Landless, hungry, uneducated, unhealthy, no
opportunities
Conquered Exploited Peasants, Slaves,
Workers
19
Effect of the Industrial Revolution
Sachs, J. 2005, The End of Poverty Economic
Possibilities for Our Time.
20
Issues

• Nutrition
• Food Security
• Agriculture
• Environment
• Technology
• Education
• Culture
• Development
• Ethics

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Ethics

• Is hunger and poverty morally acceptable?
• Why or why not?
• What should we do?

http//www.whilechildrenstarve.org/images/starving
-child-4.jpg