Interlinkages among the Rio Conventions National Action Programmes

1
Inter-linkages among the Rio Conventions -
National Action Programmes

• Jerry Velasquez, Ph.D.
• United Nations University

2
Rio Conventions National Action Programmes

• UNFCCC - National Adaptation Programme of Action
  (NAPA)
• UNCCD - National Action Programme (NAP)
• UNCBD - National Biodiversity Strategy and Action
  Plan (NBSAP)

3
Objectives

• NAPA - Serve as simplified and direct channels of
  communication of information relating to the
  urgent and immediate adaptation needs of LDCs.
  Support LDCs, not having the capacity to prepare
  and submit national communications, or to convey
  their urgent needs in respect of their
  vulnerability and adaptation to the adverse
  effects of climate change
• NAP - Identify factors contributing to
  desertification and practical measures necessary
  to combat it and/or mitigate the effects of
  drought.
• NBSAP - Develop national strategies, plans or
  programs for the conservation and sustainable use
  of biological diversity or adapt for this purpose
  existing strategies, plans or programs which
  shall reflect the measures set out

4
Characteristics

• NAPA - Easy to understand, action-oriented and
  with clear priorities for immediate activities.
  Build upon existing plans and sectoral policies
• NAP - Key operational mechanism to implement the
  CCD at the national level. Not focused solely on
  report production. Institutionalization of
  dynamic framework for participatory
  policy-making, planning and programme design.
  Integration into national policies for
  sustainable development
• NBSAP - Integrate, as far as possible and as
  appropriate, the conservation and sustainable use
  of biological diversity into relevant sectoral or
  cross-sectoral plans, programs and policies

5
Guiding Elements

• NAPA Participatory process down to local
  communities, multidisciplinary approach,
  complementary approach, building upon existing
  plans (CCD, CBD) and sectoral policies,
  sustainable development, gender equality, country
  driven, sound environmental management, cost
  effectiveness, simplicity, flexible procedures
• NAP - Continuous iterative process with review
  and readjustment, focus on consultation,
  multi-stakeholder-participation, harmonization
  with existing policies and frameworks,
  cross-sectoral, country driven, no single
  blueprint
• NBSAP - Strategies for biodiversity conservation,
  sustainable use of resources, benefit sharing,
  agricultural biodiversity and biosafety,
  development of integrated national strategies,
  including social dimensions and poverty
  reduction, cross-sectoral, involvement of local
  and indigenous people, human resource development
  and capacity development

6
Process

• NAPA
• National NAPA team
• Participatory, multidisciplinary assessment on
  vulnerabilities identification of adaptation
  measures prioritization of activities
• Proposal for priority activities national
  consultative process identification of
  activities integrated into sectoral and other
  policies
• Development of NAPA document public
  review/revision government endorsement
  publication/dissemination
• NAP
• Phase I Launching of NAP
• National coordinating body (decision making)
  and/or FP (operational arm)
• Identification of stakeholders consensus
  building.
• Sensitizing, awareness and training
• Identification of key issues
• Establishment of National Forum
• Phase II Implementing first agreements
• Consolidating forum outcomes initiating
  programme development data assessment
• Phase III Implementation and monitoring
• Operationalizing coordination mechanism
• Indicators and benchmarks
• Further forum meetings
• NBSAP

7
Reporting Structure

• NAPA
• Introduction and Setting Environmental
  characteristics, CC effects on environment and
  key sectors
• Framework overview of climate variability
  projected effects relationship between NAPA and
  national development goals, other plans and MEAs
• Key adaptation needs Past and current practices
  addressing specific vulnerabilities
  identification of options (e.g. cap. dev., policy
  reform or integration)
• Criteria for selection of activities e.g. level
  of adverse effects, poverty reduction to enhance
  adaptivity, synergies, cost-effectiveness.
  Application to livelihoods, health, food
  security, water, infrastructure, heritage,
  bio-D., land-use, forestry, other environment
  amenities
• List of priority activities with sets of profiles
• Preparation process description
• NAP
• Not focusing on a single report document
• NBSAP
• Strategy document summarizing
• Findings of stocktaking bio-D resources,
  trends, problems and causes
• Statement of objectives and measures to achieve
  these
• Prioritization of activities

8
Linkages and Support Mechanisms

• NAPA
• Closely related to initial national
  communications
• Institutional coordination with other enabling
  activities including NCSA
• NAPA should contribute to formulation of national
  communication.
• LDC Expert Group (LEG) advises on preparation and
  implementation of NAPA
• NAP
• Supported by SRAP, RAP to harmonize, complement
  and increase the efficiency of the NAP
• Mobilization of political support for regional
  cooperation and the launch of Thematic Programme
  Networks (TPN), providing structural and
  scientific support to NAP and RAP on potential
  synergies
• NBSAP
• Links to GEF CDI/NCSA strong recognition of CD
  needs assessment and country priorities definition

9
Funding Mechanisms

• NAPA
• Funded through GEF, first activity of LDC fund
• Outputs of GEF funded climate change enabling
  activities should be used for NAPA.
• NAP
• National Desertification Funds (NDF) to channel
  resources to the local level, small grants for
  local communities to implement activities ?
  strengthening participation. Capitalization
  externally and domestically.
• GEF funding opportunities through supporting
  activities under its Operational Programme on
  Sustainable Land Management (3rd replenishment)
• NBSAP
• Funding available through enabling activities in
  biodiversity for assisting countries in their
  NBSAP and national reporting max. 350,000

10
Eligibility and Timelines

• NAPA
• LDCs only
• Since December 2001 (GEF Council decision)
• Completion of NAPA 12-18 months after receiving
  funds
• NAP
• All CCD Parties
• No timelines given, due to strong (long-term)
  process character
• NBSAP
• All CBD Parties
• No indication of timelines

11
Status

• NAPA
• NAPA Launch Workshop
• Dhaka, 18 - 22 September 2002
• NAPA training workshops (UNITAR)
• Apia, 5 - 7 March 2003
• Addis Ababa, 25 - 27 June 2003
• Thimpu, 9 -11 September 2003
• Ouagadougou,
• NAP
• Asia 17 NAP, 1 SRAP (West Asia, 5 SRAP under
  preparation, RAP framework, 6 TPN (4 established)
• Africa 25 NAP, 4 SRAP (Maghreb, West, East,
  South), 6 TPN
• Latin America/Caribbean 3 NAP
• Mediterranean 3 NAP
• Central/Eastern Europe 3 NAP
• NBSAP
• 84 NBSAP documents already completed
• 29 NBSAP documents in draft
• (Status as of March 2001)

12
Common elements and linking opportunities
13
Examples

• Capacity Building
• NCSA
• Information
• Core data sets
• Indicators

14
Ex.1 Integrated Capacity Building

• NCSA National Capacity-Needs Self Assessment
• Focuses on Rio Conventions
• Many of identified needs are common across 3
  conventions

15
Source Synergies, UNDP, 1997
16
(No Transcript)
17
(No Transcript)
18
(No Transcript)
19
Ex.2 SISEI Information sharing on the
web!www.sisei.net

• SISEI Environmental Information Systems on the
  Internet
• a capacity development programme on integrated
  management of data and information jointly
  conceived by national and sub-regional entities
  (CILSS, UMA, IGAD)
• Answers to obligations of international legal
  instruments on environment (e.g. Biodiversity,
  Climate Change, Desertification, RAMSAR, CITES )
  on collection, exchange and distribution of
  environmental data and information are virtual
  clearing-house mechanisms for the Environmental
  Action Programs (EAP) at national and regional
  levels
• Developed partly under the NAP framework

20
On-line portal for Beninwww.sisei.net/nationaux/
benin/
On-line portal for Moroccowww.sisei.net/nationau
x/maroc/
21
Ex.3 - EIS-SSA Environmental Information
Systems in Sub-Saharan Africahttp//www.grida.no/
eis-ssa/index.htm

• The EIS-SSA program aims at developing African
  capacity for the management of environmental
  information as an integral component of the
  sustainable development process

22
An Example - GIS Based Indicators

• EIS best practices - Working group 4
  Environmental Indicators and GIS
• human pressure - area of fragmented natural
  habitat adjacent to a protected area
• market access - proportion of rural population
  per administrative unit within a certain distance
  or time of a major market
• erosion risk - function of slope, land cover,
  rainfall, and management
• Obstacles to GIS-based Indicators data and
  information demand
• data and information supply
• information infrastructure
• technical skills
• awareness and knowledge by policy makers to
  interpret and communicate data and indicators