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OHS risk assessment
Sylvie Siffermann Ministère du travail
A view from the Mont Blanc - Haute-Savoie
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French OHS Organisation

• The Labour Ministry
• 22 regional departments
• 100 local departments
• 600 labour inspectors

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Regional departement
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Why assess risks

• To protect health-safety of labour force
• To meet prevention requirements
• To encourage social dialogue
• To ensure high quality standarts in employment
• To improve the company performance

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Local Partners - labour inspection- insurance
funds- occupational medicine- OPPBTP
Prevention institution for building industry-
social partners Trade unions- professional
associations
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Facts Figures

• 15 million employees
• 900.000 labour accidents or road-accidents / year
• 1.800 deaths
• 5.000 occupational illnesses

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Costs

• Direct costs
• 7 billion euros / year
• Indirect costs
• 21 billion / year
• Job replacement, medical care, incapacity and
  disability costs ...

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Transposition of EU-OHS directives in French
legislation

• EU OHS Directive 89 / 391
• ? ? ?
• Law n91-414 of 31.12.1991
• nine prevention principles
• Decree n2001-1016 of 05.11.2001
• documentary evidence
• Penalty fine

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General prevention principles
Article L.230-2 du code du travail

• A) avoid risks
• B) assess unavoidable risks
• C) build in safety at design stage
• D) adapt work to human worker

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E) take into account the state of the artF)
substitute with less dangerous equipmentG) plan
prevention action
Article L.230-2 du code du travail
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H) give priority to collective protection rather
than individualI) train the workers.
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Article L.230-2 du code du travail
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Legal Liability

• In the past, the victim was
• a pre requisite for a case
• Now, even without a victim offence of
  endangering
• If there is an omission, negligence or
  carelessness

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What to do ?1-Prepar prevention
approach2-Assess the risks3-Make up an action
plan4-Act, implement5-Reassess, reevaluate
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Deming wheel
3 Check
2 Do
4 Act
Progress
1 Plan
Corrective actions prevention

• Notion of continuous improvement

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How ?-The employer must guaranty the staffs
health and security-The approach must be
global-The process must be dynamic
5 KEYS POINTS
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How ?-The employees and union representatives
must be involved-The assessment must be made on
the real work situation
5 KEYS POINTS
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Definitions
Danger
Exposure
Risk

• Danger is a state
• Risk scale of danger in case of exposure
• i. e. Electricity can be dangerous but when
  nobody is exposed to electricity, the risk of
  accident is zero.

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Hazard
Person
Hazardous situation
Caused by
Equipement or personnel
Hazardous event
Possibility of
avoiding or limiting harm
Harm
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Evaluate

• - The frequency and the duration of exposure to
  danger
• - The possibility to escape the danger
• (time available for running away ?)
• - Level of risk management (existence of
  prevention measures)
• - Environment around the danger area

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Eliminating or reducing risk
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Merci de votre attentionBlagodaria
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RISK ASSESSMENTSylvie Siffermann

• Risk Evaluation - Sofia May 2003