The Congress of Vienna

1
The Congress of Vienna

• Great Britain Castlereagh
• Austria - Metternich
• Prussia Hardenberg
• Russia Tsar Alexander I
• France - Talleyrand

September 1814 - June 1815
2
Goals

• Ensure France would not become an aggressor
• Restore the balance of power
• The principle of compensation
• The principle of legitimacy
• Victors expected to be rewarded

The Congress of Vienna
3
Was Peace Established?

• The Principle of Legitimacy
• Bourbon French Throne
• Bourbon Spanish Throne
• Legitimate princely rulers Italy
• German Confederation 39 German States
• Compromised over Territorial Settlement

4
RUSSIA

• Polish Territory
• Retained Finland

5
PRUSSIA

• 2/5 of Saxony
• Swedish Pomerania
• Territory in the
• Rhineland in
• Western Germany

6
THE NETHERLANDS

• Austrian Netherlands
• (BELGIUM)

7
AUSTRIA

• Lost Belgium
• Gained Lombardy and Venetia
• Relatives of Austrian emperor ruled
• Parma, Modena, and Tuscany
• Dominated German Confederation

8
GREAT BRITAIN

• Colonial Possessions
• From Dutch
• Cape of Good Hope
• Island of Ceylon
• From French
• Trinidad and Tobago
• Helgoland
• Malta

9
The Second Treaty of Paris
November 1815

• France reduced to the borders of 1790
• French had to pay 700 million francs to the
  allies
• Allied military occupation of 17 French forts for
  5 years

10
THE HOLY ALLIANCE

• RUSSIA
• PRUSSIA
• AUSTRIA

11
Quadruple Alliance

• GREAT BRITAIN
• RUSSIA
• AUSTRIA
• PRUSSIA

12
The Concert of Europe

• Goal was to maintain Balance of Power
• The Congress of Aix-la-Chapelle
• The Congresses of Troppau and Laibach
• The Congress of Verona
• Opposition to Monroe Doctrine