Emergency Responders, School Based ICS and YOU

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Emergency Responders, School Based ICS and YOU!

• Mike Coleman QDS Communications
• Captain Tim Moore Douglas County SO

Johnson Wales University Symposium For the
Prevention of School Violence April 24th, 2009
300 pm to 430 pm
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Discussion Leaders and Participant Introductions
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What We Will Cover..

• Recent events and some impacts
• Defining what ICS means to your schools
• Frame of Reference
• What is a Comm Plan?
• Defining how you interact
• Building partnerships
• Partnership study review

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Recent Events

• Ten year anniversary for Columbine High School
  Incident
• February 4, 2009 Evanston, ILA 10-year-old male
  elementary student was found hanged from a coat
  hook.   Subsequent reports indicated the coroner
  ruled the death a suicide by hanging.
• February 10, 2009  Washington, DCA fight
  involving girls in a lunchroom, with several
  other subsequent fights, resulted in 16 high
  school students being arrested.
• March 11, 2009 Stuttgardt, GermanyA 17 year
  old former student kills 15 people and injures
  others.
• What about in your area?

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Impacts to School Safety Efforts

• Traditional sources for grant dollars are
  shrinking
• Budget dollars are shrinking
• School district staff and programs being cut
• Contributions to Public Safety SRO programs
• Public Safety budgets shrinking
• Sensitivity to the needs are less or are being
  competitive with academic performance dollars
• Lack of buy-in cant happen here..
• School based incidents occurring

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Defining What ICS Means to Your Schools

• SB 08-181 points
• Signed into law May 14, 2008

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Basic Definitions

• NRF
• Builds on the National Incident Management System
  (NIMS) with its flexible, scalable, and adaptable
  coordinating structures
• Aligns key roles and responsibilities across
  jurisdictions
• Links all levels of government, private sector,
  and nongovernmental organizations in a unified
  approach to emergency management
• Always in effect can be partially or fully
  implemented
• Coordinates Federal assistance without need for
  formal trigger
• NIMS
• Provides a set of standardized organizational
  structures
• such as the Incident Command System (ICS)
• multiagency coordination systems
• public information systems
• Requirements for processes, procedures, and
  systems designed to improve interoperability
  among jurisdictions and disciplines in various
  areas, including training resource management
  personnel qualification and certification
  equipment certification communications and
  information management technology support and
  continuous system improvement.
• ICS The Incident Command System (ICS) is the
  combination of facilities, equipment, personnel,
  procedures, and communications operating within a
  common organizational structure, designed to aid
  in all-hazards incident management activities.
  ICS is used by all levels of governmentFederal,
  State, local, and tribal, as well as by many
  private-sector and nongovernmental organizations.

Source fema.gov and nimsonline.com
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What Does ICS Mean to Your Schools

• SB 08-181 requires
• School board is to establish a school response
  framework consisting of policies consistent with
  NIMS
• By July 1, 2009 a date is established indicating
  when each school of the district will be in
  compliance and the information will be publicly
  available
• Formal adoption of the NRF and NIMS
• Institutionalization of ICS

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What Does ICS Mean to Your Schools

• SB 08-181 requires continued
• In conjunction with local community partners
  develop a coordinated school safety, readiness
  and incident management plan
• Identified safety teams and backups for
  interacting with community partners and assuming
  ICS roles
• Identify potential locations for operational and
  support functions
• Develop a memoranda of understanding with the
  community partners specifying responsibilities

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What Does ICS Mean to Your Schools

• SB 08-181 requires continued
• Create an All-Hazards exercise program based on
  NIMS
• Conduct tabletop exercises
• Conduct other exercises
• Exercises done with community partners from
  various disciplines
• Designed to practice and assess preparedness
• Many provisions are to the extent possible

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What Does ICS Mean to Your Schools

• SB 08-181 requires continued
• Exercises to include district employees and
  community partners
• Orientation meetings around EOPs
• Drills in addition to fire drills
• Tabletops to discuss and identify roles and
  responsibilities
• Point to consider is testing the EOPs internally
  and then test with external partners
• After action review in writing describing lessons
  learned to include corrective actions to plans

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What Does ICS Mean to Your Schools

• SB 08-181 requires continued
• Once per academic term - inventory emergency
  equipment and review communications equipment
  which includes the ability to interoperate with
  state and local agencies
• Written procedures on taking action and
  communicating with responders, parents, students
  and the media during certain incidents

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What Does ICS Mean to Your Schools

• SB 08-181 requires continued
• Key personnel to include safety teams and others
  will complete FEMA EMI courses (counts towards
  continuing ED reqs)
• Review procedures to ensure NIMS compliance
• Establish a baseline for NIMS compliance and an
  action plan to achieve it (new employees will
  need to meet that baseline at some point)

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What Does ICS Mean to Your Schools

• Federal Grants relating to homeland security
  dollars require ICS training / MOUs
• Smoother management transition for events
  occurring at a school to first responders
• Smoother time for school liaisons and others
  assigned within the ICS structure

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Which ICS Training?

• Colorado Dept of Public Safety reference
• http//cdpsweb.state.co.us/nims.html
• Minimum Training
• ICS100.SC Introduction to ICS for Schools
• IS362 Multi Hazard Planning for Schools
• Optional Courses
• IS700 Introduction to NIMS
• IS800 Introduction to National Response Framework
• ICS200 - ICS for Single Resources / Initial
  Actions
• ICS300 - Intermediate ICS
• What is your school district supporting?

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Lets Talk About YOU for a Moment
A frame of reference
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Quick Biology Lesson

• The sympathetic nervous system
• Sympathetic (fight or flight) and Parasympathetic
  (rest and repose) divisions typically function in
  opposition to each other. For an analogy, one may
  think of the sympathetic division as the
  accelerator and the parasympathetic division as
  the brake.
• The sympathetic division typically functions in
  actions requiring quick responses. The
  parasympathetic division functions with actions
  that do not require immediate reaction.
• Causes the release of chemicals in the body to
  react
• Epinephrine (Adrenalin)
• Norepinephrine

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Quick Biology Lesson

• Your body reacts to stress psychologically and
  physically
• The sympathetic nervous system physiological
  response
• Acceleration of heart and lung action
• Constriction of blood vessels in many parts of
  the body
• Liberation of nutrients for muscular action
• Dilation of blood vessels for muscles
• Inhibition of Lacrimal gland (responsible for
  tear production) and salivation (dry mouth)
• Dilation of pupils
• Auditory Exclusion (reduction of hearing)
• Tunnel Vision (loss of peripheral vision)
• Acceleration of instantaneous reflexes
• Why is this important?

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Sympathetic Response and You

• 70 75 BPM Normal Heart Rate
• Life is Good
• 115 BPM
• Lose fine complex motor skills such as finger
  dexterity, eye hand co-ordination, multi tasking
  becomes difficult
• 145-150 BPM
• Lose complex (gross) motor skills ( 3 or more
  motor skills designed to work in unison)
• 175 BPM
• Pupil dilation and tunnel vision
• Visual tracking becomes difficult light house
  effect on average about a 70 decrease in their
  visual field
• Difficultly to focus on close objects and impact
  depth perception
• Difficulty remembering what took place or what
  they did
• known as Incident Amnesia or Critical Stress
  Amnesia. After a critical incident, it is not
  uncommon for a person to only recall approx 30
  of what happened in the first 24hrs, 50 in 48
  hrs, and 75-95 in 72-100hrs

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Heart Rate Impacts
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How can you lesson the impact of stress during an
incident?

• PLANNING TRAINING!

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What is a Comm Plan?

• Not the typical incident based communications plan

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How Do You Communicate Today?

• In Person
• By Hollering
• By Intercom
• By Phone
• By Cell Phone
• By Radio
• By Email
• By TV
• By Portals
• By ______ ???

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Interoperability

• National Buzz Word
• Public Safety based is voice radio-based
  communications
• Pre-agreed upon ability to communicate
• The right information, to the right people, in
  the right amount, at the right time
• Has a national example called the
  Interoperability Continuum

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Defining a Communications Plan

• A basic plan for schools has two conditions on
  when you need to talk with other organizations
• School Business
• Emergency Situation
• Keep in mind that the emergency condition throws
  in stressors that typically are not present
  everyday
• Stressors impact accurate functioning

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Who to Talk to When and How
http//www.schoolsafetypartners.org
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Interacting With Public Safetyand Building Those
Partnerships
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Lets Compare

• Police Organization

• Teaching Organization

• Typically organized in government supported by
  tax dollars
• Chief of Police / Sheriff
• Captains / Lieutenants / Sergeants
• Officers / Deputies
• Administrative Staff / Dispatchers

• Typically organized in government supported by
  tax dollars
• Principal
• Assistant Principals and Subject / Team Leads
• Teachers
• Administrative Staff

They do their job everyday because they care!
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How Does Your School or District Interact with
Public Safety Today?

• School used as a shelter
• School students receive instruction
• On DARE
• On GREAT
• By SROs
• 9-1-1 Programs
• Career Day Participation
• Internships
• Major Events
• What Else?

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Partnership

• A relationship between individuals or groups
  that is characterized by mutual cooperation and
  responsibility, as for the achievement of a
  specified goal Neighborhood groups formed a
  partnership to fight crime. (dictionary.com)
• My easy definition is a mutually benefiting
  relationship
• Example Owner and Dog Owner receives
  companionship, dog receives food and shelter.

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What Kind of Partnership Does Your School or
School District Have With Your Local Public
Safety Organizations?
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Partnership

• List some partnerships that exist within your
  school, agency, or community

How formal are these partnerships?
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MEASURING CHANGE IN COLLABORATION AMONG SCHOOL
SAFETY PARTNERS 2006 Bruce B. Frey Jill H.
Lohmeier Steve W. Lee Nona Tollefson Mary Lea
Johanning University of Kansas
The group was assigned to assess the level of
cooperation among the grant partners.
Persistently Safe Schools The National
Conference of the HAMILTON FISH INSTITUTE ON
SCHOOL AND COMMUNITY VIOLENCE
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Models of collaboration among agencies, groups,
and community stakeholders are notoriously
difficult to translate into valid and reliable
instruments that can be used to measure
meaningful change in the level and pattern of
collaboration. This paper describes a model of
collaboration, presents an instrument for its
assessment, and suggests a method of graphical
display that captures the sometimes elusive
nature of collaboration
A method of visual display which shows
collaborative links and their strength among
partners was adapted from a method presented by
Cross (2003). Early evidence of scale reliability
for the Levels of Collaboration Scale is
presented
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Collaboration has a variety of definitions and
names, but is generally treated as meaning the
cooperative way that two or more entities work
together towards a shared goal.
Various continuums were studied to use as a gauge
on the effectiveness of the collaboration. The
team identified a model to provide the
theoretical validity for any instrumentation we
chose or developed. The five stages of Hogues
(1993) Levels of Community Linkage model was
chosen as the most relevant framework.
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Based Upon Your Partnership Lists, Which Model
Do You See?
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Given the definitions of each level,
respondents were asked to what extent they
collaborate with each other grant partner. Answer
options were on a 0 to 5 scale with 0 indicating
no interaction at all and 5 indicating the
collaboration level using Hogues taxonomy.
.. ..For the purposes of their paper, the name
of each group or organization was been replaced
with a generic descriptive name
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Conclusions Our experience with the scale in
our local evaluation has been that stakeholders,
respondents, district administrators, teachers,
principals and grant partners find the
information useful and persuasive. Even more, the
visual representation method, used as feedback,
has resulted in grant partners actually
identifying collaboration goals and targets
which were not part of the original design. In
this context, the scale operates as a formative
assessment. In addition, the level of
collaboration might well have increased to a
small degree because of the interactions and
discussions of Levels of Collaboration scores
themselves.
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Source Collaboration Framework- Addressing
Community Capacity http//crs.uvm.edu/nnco/collab/
framework.html
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Source Collaboration Framework- Addressing
Community Capacity http//crs.uvm.edu/nnco/collab/
framework.html
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Available Resources from Our Session

• Session PowerPoint and related documents
  available at
• http//schoolsafetypartners.org/jw
• Email me your request and I can email it to you
• MikeC_at_QDSCorp.com

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Closing Statements

• Importance of
• Planning
• Training
• Communicating
• Partnering
• Now is the time to start
• Use a building block approach planned
  incremental development