Chapter 2

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Chapter 2 Chapter 4

• Browsers

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Terms

• Software
• Program
• Application

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World Wide Web

• Encompasses information that can be viewed
  through a web browser (web pages), web servers
  (computers on which web pages are stored)
  programs and protocols used for viewing and
  transferring web pages.

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Internet vs. Web

• The Internet is a group of networked computers.
• The Web uses the Internet in order to transport
  information.

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Browser (web clients)

• Interactive program that permits a user to view
  information from the World Wide Web.
• Examples
• Netscape Navigator
• Netscape Navigator is part of a suite called
  Netscape Communicator.
• Free Downloads
• Internet Explorer

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Page or Web page

• File that is read over the World Wide Web

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Uniform Resource Locator (URL) or Address

• String of characters that represent the address
  of a Web page.
• Not case sensitive
• Written in the form
• how//where/what
• how will the page be accessed?
• where is the Web page located?
• what is the file name of the Web page?

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Example

• http//campus.murraystate.edu/academic/
• faculty/ramona.smith/index.htm
• http HyperText Transfer Protocol
• How the web page will be transferred - protocol
  used for transferring the html document
• campus.murraystate.edu/academic/faculty/ramona.smi
  th
• Where the web page is located
• index.htm
• What the file name is of the web page.

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lthtmlgt ltheadgt lttitlegtWelcome to CSC
125lt/titlegt lt/headgt ltbody bgcolor"33CCFF"gt ltcent
ergt ltfont size 4gt Welcome to your firstltbrgt
web page design ltbrgt Course lt/fontgt lt/centergt lt/
bodygt lt/htmlgt
Browser
Html text goes in
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Start Notepad

• Go to
• Start
• Programs
• Accessories
• Notepad

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Enter the following

• lthtmlgt
• ltheadgt
• lttitlegtYour full namelt/titlegt
• lt/headgt
• lt body gt
• This is my first web page !!
• lt/bodygt
• lt/htmlgt

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Save the file and include the extension .htm or
.html

• Save on the hard drive
• Give it any name you like. Dont use spaces in
  the name and remember what you named it.

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Start Internet Explorer

• Go to
• File
• Open
• Browse
• Select the file from the hard drive
• Open

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Hyperlink

• Text or graphic that points to another Web page
  or document. When the hyperlink is clicked,
  another Web page is rendered.

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Hypertext

• Web pages that contain hyperlinks (textbook
  definition)
• A document consisting of a hyper text markup
  language (html, xhtml)

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Multimedia

• Information in the form of graphics, audio,
  video, or movies

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Multimedia documents

• Document containing media other than just plain
  text.

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Surfer

• A person exploring the World Wide Web

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Web presentation

• Hyper-linked Web pages that all share a common
  theme.
• Something you will create in class.

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Webmaster

• A person who maintains, creates and manages a Web
  page presentation.
• This person usually signs his/her name so that
  they can be reached for questions or comments.
• Web manager Synonym for Webmaster.

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Web site

• An entity on the Internet that publishes Web
  pages.
• Example www.murraystate.edu is the name of a
  web site
• www.murraystate.edu/index.htm name of entire
  Web presentation

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Web server

• Computer that satisfies user requests for Web
  pages

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Mirror site

• If a Web presentation is requested often, other
  sites may be used to contain a duplicate copy of
  the Web presentation. This way, if one server is
  down, a mirror site can be tried.

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Home Page

• The page that is loaded when the browser is
  initially launched.

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Settings

• Netscape Navigator
• Edit --gt Preferences
• Internet Explorer
• Tools --gt Internet Options

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Changing the Home Page

• Netscape Navigator
• Edit --gt Preferences --gt Navigator
• Internet Explorer
• Tools --gt Internet Options --gt General tab

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Images

• The more images within a web page, the longer the
  page will take to load into your browser.

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You can set your browser to either load images or
not.

• Netscape Navigator
• Edit --gt Preferences (older versions of NN)
• Internet Explorer
• Tools ? Internet Options ?
• Advanced tab --gt Multimedia --gt Show Pictures

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History

• The History is a list of past sites visited.

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Clearing the History

• Netscape Navigator
• Edit --gt Preferences --gt Navigator --gt History
• Internet Explorer
• Tools --gt Internet Options --gt General tab

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Cache

• High-Speed Memory -- holding area for program
  instructions and data.
• Your computer stores copies of frequently
  accessed pages in the cache memory. This way, the
  computer doesn't have to retrieve the page from
  the server each time you view it.

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To set the size of the disk cache or to clear it
in Internet Explorer

• From the Tools menu, choose Internet Options.
• Go to Temporary Internet files on the General
  tab.

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(continued)

• To clear the Disk Cache immediately, click
  Delete Files.
• To specify where the disk cache should be stored,
  select Settings, then Move Folder and then
  select the folder you want.

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Cookies

• Some Web sites store information in a small text
  file (called a cookie) on your hard disk.
• These cookies contain information about you.
• Ex. Amazon.com -- stores your interests
• It may contain a record of pages you visited.

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Cookies (continued)

• Will contain only the information that you
  provide when you visit a web site.

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How to Bookmark Favorite Sites

• Netscape Navigator -- called Bookmarks
• Internet Explorer -- called Favorites

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Netscape Navigator

• To bookmark a site
• Bookmark --gt File Bookmark --gt choose a folder
  and click OK.
• To edit your bookmarks
• Bookmark --gt Manage Bookmarks (similar to Windows
  Explorer)

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Internet Explorer

• Favorites --gtAdd to Favorites --gt Create In
• Choose a folder in wich to store a site or create
  a new folder in which to store the site.

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Plug-Ins Helper Applications

• Browsers are not equipped to handle all existing
  file formats.
• Plug-ins and Helper applications exist in order
  to handle other file formats.
• Note Plug-ins and Helpers are often in
  beta-test form (still being tested debugged).

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Plug-Ins

• Run within the browser.
• There are Plug-ins for
• Showing movies
• Running animations
• Playing audio -- to name a few.

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Helper Applications (Helpers)

• Run separate from the browser.
• Instead of running within the browser window,
  they run within a separate window.
• The browser activates the helper application when
  it encounters a file type that it doesnt know
  how to handle.
• Configured by associating a file extension and
  MIME type with a particular software program.
• MIME - Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions