Okay Next, well look at:

1
Okay! Next, well look at

• Standards
• Occupational Safety Health
• Personal Protective Equipment

2
What do we mean by Occupational Safety
Health?

• Occupational Safety Health (OSH) relates to
  work-related injuries, illnesses or diseases, and
  deaths.

3
What areas does OSH cover?

• OSH relates to extremely diverse areas of
  work-related safety and health issues, ranging
  from
• Chemical safety, to biological hazards, to
  asbestos, to emergency preparedness and
  response, to machine safety, to noise and
  hearing protection, to construction safety, to
  work-related diseases, such as cancer.

4
Areas cond

• OSH also relates to other areas of workplace
  safety that may not be so obvious
• Ergonomics of workplaces, to indoor air quality,
  to psychosocial issues in the workplace,
  including stress and violence, to safety for
  workers working alone.

5
Is OSH really a big deal?

• Consider some of the statistics
• In Canada in 1997
• Almost 800,000 people were injured or killed on
  the job.

800,000 Thats almost the population of
Calgary!

• Of these 800,000 people,
• Almost 400,000 were injuries where work time was
  lost
• Just over 800 were fatalities
• And the remainder, (almost 400,000) were injuries
  where no work time was lost.

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Big deal? cond

• This amounted to an injury rate of
• 6.4 per 100 workers (no lost time)
• 3.2 per 100 workers (lost time)
• One third (1/3) of all occupational injuries
  happen to workers between the ages of 15 and 24.
• The compensation associated with these injuries
  totalled 4.5 Billion dollars (1997 dollars)

4.5 Billion Thats about the same amount as
the 2002-2003 budget for Manitobas Department
of Health and Department of Education combined!
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How big a deal is it in Manitoba?

• In Manitoba in 1997
• Just over 30,000 people were injured or killed on
  the job.

30,000 Thats 2 times the population of
Thompson, MB!

• Of these,
• Over 16,000 suffered lost time injuries
• 21 were fatalities
• The remainder (14,000) were no-lost-time injuries
• This amounted to an injury rate of
• 6.6 per 100 workers (no lost time)
• 3.6 per 100 workers (lost time)

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Manitoba cond

• Those 30,000 injuries cost Manitobans
• 124 Million dollars in direct costs (medical aid,
  hospitalization, rehabilitation, pensions, and
  compensation for lost earnings).

124 Million Thats about the same amount as
the 2002-2003 budget of Manitobas Department of
Agriculture!

• Indirect costs (e.g., employers costs in lost
  productivity and staff replacement, etc.) ???

9
U.S. Cost Statistics

• The cost of workplace injury and disease in the
  U.S. are estimated to be
• 171 Billion (US) per year
• Compare this to the cost of
• Cancer 171 Billion
• Alzheimers disease 67 Billion
• AIDS 33 Billion

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Big deal? cond

• Some OSH incidents are sensational
• A Winnipeg construction worker dies when when the
  partially finished structure collapses, and he is
  trapped and crushed by falling beams and columns
• A Winnipeg hospital administrator dies when a
  former employee walks into the workplace with a
  weapon and a grudge

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Big deal? cond

• But many others are not so public
• A factory worker is off the job due to repetitive
  strain injuries associated with line work
• Office workers suffer headaches and backaches due
  to poorly designed office furniture and lighting
• Workers suffer chemical burns when handling
  unfamiliar materials without proper training

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So is OSH a big deal?

• You be the judge.

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How is OSH regulated?

• In Canada, OSH legislation (laws) outlines the
  general rights and responsibilities of the
  employer, the supervisor, and the worker.
• Each of the 10 provinces, 3 territories, and the
  federal government has its own OSH legislation.

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Federal Legislation

• Federal legislation applies to
• Employees of the federal government
• Employees of federal corporations
• Workers in certain industries (under the Canada
  Labour Code), such as international
  transportation, shipping, and telecommunications.
• In general, this legislation does NOT apply to an
  employee working in Private Company XYZ.

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Federal Legislation cond

• Federal legislation most relevant to OSH is the
  Canada Labour Code Part II
• The purpose of the Canada Labour Code Part II
  is to prevent accidents and injury to health
  arising out of, linked with or occurring in the
  course of employment to which the Canada Labour
  Code Part II) applies (article 122.1)

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Federal Legislation cond

• The Canada Labour Code Part II Occupational
  Health Safety deals with
• Duties of Employers
• Duties of Employees

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Federal Legislation cond

• Duties of Employers very briefly
• Ensure that working conditions meet safety
  standards
• Provide employees with the necessary information,
  training, and equipment to safely carry out their
  duties
• Clearly identify hazards in the workplace
• Report incidents of work-related injury or
  illness
• Depending on the size of workplace, establish a
  Policy Committee, Safety Health Committee,
  and/or Safety Health representative to develop
  safety policy, consider complaints, implement and
  monitor safety programs, and meet with the
  employer to discuss safety health issues.

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Federal Legislation cond

• Duties of Employees very briefly
• Know and comply with all regulations
• Use the safety materials and equipment provided
• Follow safety procedures in the workplace
• Comply with employers safety health
  instructions
• Report workplace hazards, incidents, and injuries.

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Federal Legislation cond

• Most people do not work for the federal
  government, a Crown corporation, or one of the
  industries to which the Canada Labour Code Part
  II applies.
• What then?
• Provincial (or territorial) legislation applies
  in most other workplaces.

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Manitoba Legislation

• In Manitoba, the Workplace Safety and Health
  Division (part of Manitoba Labour) administers
  seven Acts and associated Regulations dealing
  with the health and safety of workers.

21
Time out! A brief note on how legislation is
organized

• Legislation is organized into Acts and into
  Regulations under the Acts (aka Regulations)
• The Acts spell out general rights,
  responsibilities, duties, and consequences.
• The Regulations deal with specific topics and
  spell out detailed requirements, standards,
  obligations, and exemptions.

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Time out! contd
For example, An Act may establish the general
requirement to store and transport Dangerous
Goods in safe ways, and set fines for failing to
do so. The Regulations would dictate what types
of structures Dangerous Goods may be stored in,
how they need to be labelled, and how far away
they need to be from other types of Dangerous
Goods.
Act
Regulation A
Regulation B
Regulation C
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Manitoba Legislation cond

• The main OSH legislation in Manitoba is

Workplace Safety and Health Act
Workplace Hazardous Materials Information
System Regulation
Workers Working Alone Regulation
Workplace Safety Regulation
Workplace Health Hazard Regulation
and other Regulations under this Act
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Manitoba Legislation cond
Workplace Safety and Health Act

• The Workplace Safety Health Act

Workplace Hazardous Materials Information
System Regulation
Workers Working Alone Regulation
Workplace Safety Regulation
Workplace Health Hazard Regulation
and other Regulations under this Act

• The objects and purposes of this Act are
• (a) to secure workers and self-employed persons
  from risks to their safety, health and welfare
  arising out of, or in connection with, activities
  in their workplaces and
• (b) to protect other persons from risks to their
  safety and health arising out of, or in
  connection with, activities in workplaces.
  (article 2(1))

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Manitoba Legislation cond
Workplace Safety and Health Act
Workplace Hazardous Materials Information
System Regulation
Workers Working Alone Regulation
Workplace Safety Regulation
Workplace Health Hazard Regulation
and other Regulations under this Act

• The Workplace Safety Health Act sets out
• Duties of employers
• Duties of employees

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Manitoba Legislation cond

• Duties of Employers very briefly
• Comply with the Act and its Regulations
• Maintain a safe and healthful workplace
• Provide information, instruction, training,
  supervision, and appropriate facilities and
  equipment to employees, to ensure safety
  health
• Establish a safety health program, committee
  and/or representative for the workplace

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Manitoba Legislation cond

• Duties of Employees very briefly
• Know and comply with all regulations
• Protect ones own and others safety health
• Wear all personal protective equipment and
  clothing provided to do the job
• Consult and cooperate with the safety health
  committee or representative
• Report unsafe acts, unsafe conditions, accidents,
  or illness to your employer.

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Manitoba Legislation cond

• Sound familiar?
• In many ways, the Workplace Safety Health Act
  in Manitoba parallels the federal Canada Labour
  Code Part II.

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Your Rights

• Your rights, as employees, include
• The right to Know
• The right to Participate
• The right to Refuse Unsafe Work

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Manitoba Legislation cond
Workplace Safety and Health Act
Workplace Hazardous Materials Information
System Regulation
Workers Working Alone Regulation
Workplace Safety Regulation
Workplace Health Hazard Regulation
and other Regulations under this Act

• While all Regulations under the Act are
  important, we will briefly highlight only one
• The Workplace Hazardous Materials Information
  Systems Regulation, or WHMIS

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Manitoba Legislation cond
Workplace Safety and Health Act

• Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System
  WHMIS (pronounced wimiss)

Workplace Hazardous Materials Information
System Regulation
Workers Working Alone Regulation
Workplace Safety Regulation
Workplace Health Hazard Regulation
and other Regulations under this Act

• - Canadas standard for communicating about
  hazards
• WHMIS is implemented through coordinated federal,
  provincial/territorial legislation (such as this
  Regulation)
• WHMIS supports the employees right-to-know about
  hazards.

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WHMIS

• WHMIS has three key elements

• Labelling of
• containers of products
• designated controlled
• products
• Place the onus on the
• employer to ensure that
• controlled products
• used, stored, handled, or
• disposed of in the
• workplace are properly
• labelled. Regulations detail
• what information needs
• to be on labels, and what
• labels need to look like.

• Worker Education
• Programs place the onus
• on the employer to ensure
• that workers receive
• education and training to
• ensure the safe storage,
• handling, and use of
• controlled products in the
• workplace.

• Provision of
• Material Safety Data
• Sheets (MSDS)
• Place the onus on the
• Employer to ensure that
• MSDSs are made available
• to employees, for all
• controlled products
• found in the workplace.

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WHMIS

• A controlled product any hazardous substance or
  material found in one of these WHMIS hazard
  classes

Class A Compressed Gas (e.g. cylinders of
acetylene oxygen)
Class D, Division 2 Material causing other
toxic effects (e.g. chloroform asbestos lead)
Class B Flammable Combustible Material (e.g.
propane (gas) gasoline (liquid) phosphorus
(solid)
Class D, Division 3 Biohazardous Infectious
Material (e.g. anthrax salmonella)
Class E Corrosive Material (e.g. household
cleaners photographic chemicals)
Class C Oxidizing Material (e.g. sulphuric
acid Javex)
Class D, Division 1 Material causing immediate
and serious toxic effects (e.g. carbon monoxide
strychnine)
Class F Dangerously Reactive Material (e.g.
copper and mercury azides)
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WHMIS
WHMIS
Labelling
MSDS
Education

• Under WHMIS legislation, all controlled products
  at the workplace must have WHMIS labels. This
  label identifies the product as a controlled
  product and alerts workers to the hazards and
  safe handling procedures. There are 2 types of
  labels Supplier Labels and Workplace Labels.

Supplier Label
Workplace Label
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WHMIS
WHMIS
Labelling
MSDS
Education

• Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) are product
  information provided in text form. They can be
  as short as 1 page, or as long as 10 pages or
  more, depending on the product. They provide the
  detail that Supplier Labels and Workplace Labels
  cannot provide (due to space).
• MSDS cover chemical product and company
  identification information on ingredients
  hazards identification first aid measures fire
  fighting measures accidental release measures
  handling and storage personal protection
  equipment required physical and chemical
  properties toxicological information ecological
  information disposal considerations and
  transport information.
• In workplaces where controlled products are
  present, MSDS must be available to employees.

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What happens in the U.S.?

• A brief history lesson
• In 1970, Congress created the Occupational Safety
  Health Act, and two distinct agencies under the
  Act.

Occupational Safety Health Act
Occupational Safety Health Administration (OSHA)
National Institute for Occupational Safety
Health (NIOSH)
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U.S. cond
Occupational Safety Health Act
Occupational Safety Health Administration (OSHA)
National Institute for Occupational Safety
Health (NIOSH)

• OSHA
• Part of the U.S. Dept. of Labor
• Responsible for creating enforcing regulations
  for workplace safety health, outreach
  education, and compliance assistance.

• NIOSH
• Part of the U.S. Dept. Health
• Responsible for conducting research and making
  recommendations for the prevention of
  work-related disease and injury.

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Are your eyes starting to glaze over?

• Are you starting to think that none of this is
  relevant to you and your future as an engineer?
• Think Again!
• Many engineers work in industrial environments
  and manufacturing environments where hazardous
  products and hazardous environments abound.
• If you plan to work at Boeing, Motor Coach,
  Pauwels, or similar types of operations, this is
  relevant to you!

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Think Again! cond

• If you work in a consulting office or in
  government, youll be dealing with jobsites,
  contractors, co-consultants, clients, and others
  where significant hazards are present.
• For example, engineering consultants and
  engineers in government do site inspections and
  compliance inspections of works-in-progress.
  These works-in-progress could be a building, a
  bridge, a highway, a manure lagoon, a generating
  station, a waterwork - all of which present
  diverse and significant hazards.
• Government engineers also do emergency response
  for example, to train derailments.

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Think Again! cond

• It is both your right and your responsibility
• to know the hazards
• and your obligations in those environments.

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Where to find more info

• Canada
• Canosh Canadas national occupational health
  and safety website, with links to federal and
  provincial/territorial sites www.canoshweb.org
• CCOHS Canadian Centre for Occupational Health
  and Safety a free information service
  www.ccohs.ca
• Federal labour legislation http//info.load-otea
  .hrdc-drhc.gc.ca/federal_legislation/home.htm
• Manitoba Labour Workplace Safety Health
  Division, with links to provincial legislation
  http//www.gov.mb.ca/labour/safety/index.html
• Information about WHMIS http//www.hc-sc.gc.ca/h
  ecs-sesc/whmis/index.htm

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More info- cond

• U.S.
• U.S. Dept of Labour Occupational Safety
  Health Administration (OSHA) www.osha.gov
• U.S. Dept of Health national Institute for
  Occupational Safety Health (NIOSH)
  www.cdc.gov/niosh/about.html
• International
• Institution of Occupational Safety and Health
  www.iosh.co.uk
• European Agency for Safety and Health at Work
  europe.osha.eu.int
• and well stop here.