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COST 355, WG1  Changing Behaviour for a more
sustainable transport system 
Follow up of environmental and energy consumption
effects from some French experimentations
D.PATIER, LET, France
Arcueil, 2005, May 19 th
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COST 355, WG1
1. Monaco and La Rochelle UDC context
?2 experiments carried out under public
initiative and private management
? 2 different political and geographical contexts
? aims environmental in La Rochelle,
organisational in Monaco
?setting up 1989 Monaco Logistic Activity
Park in 2002 (20 mn from
Monaco, deported storage zone)
2001 La Rochelle
?UDC concerns all the city in Monaco,
the historical centre in La Rochelle
?Regulation more strict in Monaco, above all its
control than LR
?La Rochelle ELCIDIS European project
(1998-2001) local
political portage electric vehicles ?Monaco
anteriority comfortable financial position,
choice of thermic vehicles
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COST 355, WG1
Urban Distribution Centres economic
functioning
La Rochelle UDC
? 700 m2 area ? no enter for gt 3.5T ? in 2002
subsidies 54000 , 72477 parcels, 80 carriers ? 6
electric vehicles lt3.5T. 1 thermic veh 1
commercial electric veh. ? nb persons 4

Monaco UDC
? 1300 m2 area ? no enter for gt 8.5T ? in 2002
subsidies 86000 , 82563 parcels, 14 carriers ? 3
trucks 3.5 T., 1 truck 7.5 T., 1 van 1 T, 1
electric lt 3.5T. ? nb persons 8
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COST 355, WG1
Urban Distribution centres evaluation method
Surveys to Carriers, deliverymen, Interviews
shopkeepers, local authorities...
concern the rounds going through the UDC in 2003
and the same ones realised
before the UDC use
Ratios number of vehicles, covered distances,
average loading rate, itinerary,
number of stops
Calculation for consumption and pollutants
emission Ratio of the ADEME (French National
Energy Institute) based on the type of vehicle,
covered distance, speed, loading rate.
Urban congestion, insecurity, local atmospheric
pollution, sound nuisance counting and local
authorities advice
Calculation method for land use number of
vehiclekm, delivery time
Concerns only the vehicles going through the PF
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COST 355, WG1
Urban Distribution centres environmental results
1. La Rochelle Better performance (energy
consumption) Lower (urban congestion) Pb. with
the vehicle size
2. Monaco logistic system more efficient than
before the UDC use, with a similar propulsion
Nevertheless, a difficult transfer...
Source Interface-Transport, 2004
D.PATIER, LET, France
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COST 355, WG1
2.VAP (Vehicule Accommodation Point), Bordeaux
Description
An innovated facilitating system for incoming
goods
For the last mile
City centre
D.PATIER, LET, France
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COST 355, WG1
VAP results
Quantitative and qualitative surveys (with and
without the VAP)
stop following, time saving, energetic
consumption and pollutant emission saving,
congestion effects, access condition improvement

environmental results congestion, consumption
and pollutant saving with VAP /stop
Source Gerardin Conseil, 2005
about a 2.77 tep/year consumption decreasing
(about 10600 stops/y.)
Road occupancy the distance covered decreased
from 0 to 5 km/VAP stop
Qualitative surveys all the actors are satisfied
D.PATIER, LET, France
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COST 355, WG1
3.New concepts and new logistic organisations
Final delivery of goods in Paris La petite Reine
Situation 12 months after initiation of
experiments
16 vehicles 78 208 km/one year 8160 stops and
11421 parcels
Source Mayor of Paris
D.PATIER, LET, France
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COST 355, WG1
La petite Reine results
Economic results uses proximity shops, from
PF or cross docking warehouse to the delivery at
home Business involved express freight,
stationary, food products Increase of the number
of users (Chronopost and Coliposte) Increase of
the trays capacity 1 m3, 150 Kg loading
capacity a range of 4 to 5 hours (20
km). Increase of number of rounds 80 in 6
months Increase of sales 8,7 in one year
Environmental effects The yearly consumption
saving is 8,3 Tep
yearly pollutant saving
Source ITEM, 2004
A concept transferable
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COST 355, WG1
Chronocity in Strasbourg and soon in the
 Champs Elysées  quarter
A Chronopost experiment
A new concept of urban vehicle
A new organisation for pick up and deliveries of
parcels in a dense urban area
A specific truck carries 2 electric trolleys
A range of 12 h. 2 days without charge
The deliveryman realises the round on foot
Environnemental effects
Source MAQASSAR Consulting
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Conclusion
1.A difficult evaluation through time
2.A necessary harmonisation of units and ratios
3.Necessary comparison taking in account all the
economic, social and environmental factors
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Thank you for your attention
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