GIS in the Coming Decade

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GIS in the Coming Decade

• Clint Brown
• ESRIFebruary 2001

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State of GIS

• Trends User Requirements
• ESRI Plans
• ArcGIS
• ArcIMS
• Futures

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Trends
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DBMS

• DBMS
• Scalable
• Extended types
• Affordable

Information management migrating from files to
DBMS
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Platforms

• Distributed
• Networked
• Interoperable

New clients
Network

• Loosely Coupled Networks
• Server-based
• Range of client types

Desktop
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Two Server Based Platforms

• Sun ONE/Java/UNIX Architecture
• Open
• EJB
• Write once, run everywhere
• Microsoft .NET Architecture
• Advanced Development Environment
• Strong Integration
• Both support all client types

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Platform Support
Clients
Services
Internet Server Technology
Wireless
Browser (HTML)
GIS Spatial Server
XML
Java
ArcGIS Services
ArcIMS Services
ArcGIS Desktops
XML used for communication
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Mobile Computing

• Integration of Wireless Technologies
• Lightweight Hardware
• GPS
• Telecommunications

The Mobile Society Will Take GIS With It
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GIS Trends
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Metadata For GIS
Metadata will drive data sharing
ArcCatalog

• All data
• Documented
• Metadata Repositories
• Catalog Services

Search, View, And Edit on the Internet
XML Standard
Based on FGDC/ISO Standards
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CAD Integration
Smart CAD Editing
Direct View
Standard Formats
DWG
DXF
DGN
CAD Drawings
Integrated Drawing Model (Parametric Geometry)
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Image Integration
Raster Processing Tools

• Dynamic
• Projection
• Transformation

Military Formats
Geo Database
MR SID
30 Formats
TIF/GIF
Many Others
Single Multi Band
Image Catalogs
GeoTiff
Grids
Unified Raster Model (Image Pyramid)
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Survey Integration
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Standards in GIS

• IT-based
• DBMS SQL
• XML
• Computing Platforms
• Development Languages
• GIS
• Metadata
• Web
• Open Data Use
• Simple feature APIs

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StandardGIS Data Models

• Data Models
• Metadata
• Map Templates and Symbology

. . . Provide Easier, Faster, and Standardized
Application Development
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Analysis and ModelingGeographic Information
Science

• Data Modeling
• Sampling
• Error and Accuracy
• GeostatisticalAnalysis

• Spatial Analysis
• Data Exploration
• Visual Modeling
• Visualization

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GIS User Requirements
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Three views of GIS
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Advanced Geometry

• Points, Lines, Polygons, and Surfaces
• Single and Multi-part Features
• Flexible coordinates
• XY
• XYZ
• XYZM
• True curves
• Continuous coverage (not tiled)

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Topology in GIS

• Topology for
• Shared geometry
• One set of lines, many sets of features
• Networks
• Relationships
• Important to represent systems of features
• Land records, Census, Networks

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GIS Data Models Also Need

• Tables of Attributes
• Rasters (Grids and geo-referenced images)
• Tins

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ESRI Work

• Based on Trends, Standards, and User Requirements

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Product Vision

• Maintain and Grow Existing Products
• Single Scaleable Architecture
• Common Data Model
• Multiple Complementary Products
• Base on Industry Standards
• IT Compliance
• Migration Via Incremental Releases

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ArcView Dual Platform Strategy

• Continue Support

ArcView 3.3
ArcView 8.2

• Evolve Into New Architecture

Desktop GIS
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ArcView 3.3

• User conference release
• Software Improvements
• Enhancements
• New maps and data
• DBMS Support
• More

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ArcGIS System
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ArcIMS System
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What is ArcGIS?

• A Complete GIS
• Mapping
• Analysis and Geoprocessing
• Data Compilation
• Data Management
• Dissemination
• Custom Development
• Advanced Spatial Data Models
• File-based (Coverages, shapefiles, rasters)
• DBMS-based (Geodatabase)

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ArcGIS Desktop
Three ArcGIS Applications
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Standards Based

• Open DBMS
• UML Modeling CASE
• Schema Management
• COM Compliance
• Windows Standard User Interface
• Standard Application Development Environment VB,
  C, VBA In The Box
• Web Standards (XML, HTTP)
• OGC/ISO Certified

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ArcGIS Desktop Products
Scalable software options
ArcEditor and ArcInfo extend ArcView
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ArcView 8.1
Three ArcGIS Applications
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• ArcEditor
• ArcView
• Comprehensive Editing
• All Data Models
• Multi-user editing
• using ArcSDE

• Extends ArcView
• Full data model support for
• Editing
• Geodatabase design
• Schema management in ArcCatalog

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ArcEditor 8.1
Edits all data
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ArcToolbox in ArcView and ArcEditor
36 Tools To Import and Export Data Map
Projections
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Extends ArcView and ArcEditor

• ArcInfo
• ArcEditor
• Complete Geoprocessing
• Legacy Support (Workstation)

• Complete Geoprocessing
• Specialized GIS Tools
• ArcInfo Workstation
• UNIX Support

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ArcInfo Desktop Workstation
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ArcToolboxTwo versions
ArcView and ArcEditor
36 Tools
170 Tools
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Editing with ArcView, ArcEditor, and ArcInfo
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ArcView Edits Simple Data ModelsReads All Data
Sources
Desktop
ArcView
DBMS
Reads
ArcSDE not required to read multi-user DBMS
DBMS Gateway
Performance Gains
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ArcEditor and ArcInfo Edit and Use All Data
SourcesOften Used in Multi-user GIS
Desktop
ArcEditor
ArcSDE Data Editor
ArcInfo
ArcSDE Data Editor
DBMS
Reads
DBMS Gateway
ArcSDE required to edit multi-user geodatabase
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ArcGIS Desktop is Flexible
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ArcView, ArcEditor, and ArcInfo have the same
extensions
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ArcGIS 8.1 Extensions
ArcGIS 8.1
ArcInfo Workstation
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Analytical Extensions
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New 3D Analyst at 8.1

• Surface creation and analysis tools in ArcMap and
  ArcToolbox
• New ArcScene application

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Geostatistics
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Spatial Analyst
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StreetMap US
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Windows Platform for ArcInfo and ArcView

• Recommended Configuration
• 400 Mhz Chip
• 256 MB RAM
• Fast Disk
• True Color
• OpenGL Card for 3D Analyst
• Operating System
• Windows 2000
• Windows NT
• Windows 98 (Not available at 8.1)

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Spatial Data Support
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What is a Geodatabase?

• A container
• For GIS data
• Like coverages, shapefiles, rasters, tables and
  so on
• Continuous
• Behavior
• In a DBMS

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What does the Geodatabase mean?

Simpler Application
Complex Application
ArcGIS
ArcView 3ArcInfo 7
Intelligent Database
Simple data
Rules
Relationships
Intelligent Data Means Less Application
Development
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Geodatabases Are ScalableFor All Users
Personal Geodatabases

• From Projects to Enterprise

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Why ArcSDE?

• To edit a multi-user geodatabase
• Open DBMS
• Oracle (Oracle Spatial is optional)
• SQL Server
• IBM DB2
• Informix
• Open your GIS database to all users
• Manage Versions and History

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Two ArcSDE Configurations at 8.1
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The ArcGIS System
Desktop Products
Server Products
ArcView
ArcSDE
DBMS
ArcSDE Data Viewer
DBMS Gateway
ArcIMS
ArcEditor
Internet Services
ArcSDE Data Editor
ArcInfo
ArcSDE Data Editor
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Where to find more information on ArcGIS 8.1

• www.esri.com/ArcOnline
• See the White Papers section for a PDF document
  named What is ArcGIS?

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ArcIMS 3
Distributed GIS for the Internet
ArcIMS

• New Architecture
• Simple
• Standards Based

MapObjects IMS
ArcView IMS
A New Platform for GIS
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ArcIMS Clients
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ArcXML
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Internet Feature Streaming
ArcIMS Server(Feature Server)
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ArcIMS Manager
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ArcIMS HTML Viewer
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Java Viewer

• Template-based
• Standard functions
• Display, query, map navigation
• Selection, classification, buffer, red-lining,
  markup (editing)
• Easy to customize
• Works in any browser
• Good for sites with bandwidth (Intranet)

• Java Beans
• JScript

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ArcIMS Java Custom Viewer
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The ArcGIS Family
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Geography Network
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Geography Network

• Providers and Consumers
• Portal Site
• Metadata

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Incremental Product Releases
Ongoing development and evolution

• 2000 Release initial platform AM/FM
  functionality
• 2001 Desktop GIS functionality, performance,
  and quality
• 2002 Geodata compilation Web
  services Comprehensive functionality