INDIA DECADE OF INNOVATIONS 2010-2020 ROADMAP

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INDIA DECADE OF INNOVATIONS2010-2020 ROADMAP

• January 2011

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INTRODUCTION
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Innovation Defined

• Involves thinking differently, creatively and
  insightfully
• Enables solutions/ inventions that have an impact
  on social and economic value
• Fulfills unmet needs, not met by conventional
  products/processes/ institutional forms
• Moving beyond RD to mean new applications of old
  technologies, new processes structures,
  organisational creativity more

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Innovation Defined

• Products
• Services
• Processes
• Organization
• Governance
• Social sector
• Urban/Rural

• Public
• National
• International
• Private Sector/ NGO
• Individual
• Institution
• Big/ Small

Innovations redefine everything
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Innovations

• People, Culture, Diversity, Ecosystem
  Opportunities drive Innovations
• Innovations are required to develop new Products,
  Services, Markets, reduce Costs, improve
  Efficiency, Productivity, Performance, Quality,
  etc
• Innovations are the key to Growth, Prosperity
  Problem solving world over

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Innovation Pillars
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Web adds new dimension

• Web/Internet offers unprecedented opportunities
• Related to openness, accessibility,
  networking
• connectivity, democratization,
  decentralization
• Power of 1 billion connected people vs. 1 billion
  unconnected people
• Wireless adds Mobility Flexibility
• Web provides Video presence Virtual reality
• Search engines, OSP, OCW, Vlabs, etc. are new
  tools
• to train engage the young

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BACKGROUND
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Last 50 Years of Innovations

• In the last 50 years Innovations have played a
  significant role in improving
• Health, Education, Transport, Communication,
• Infrastructure, Energy, Governance, Wealth..
• At the same time there are serious global
  challenges related to Poverty, Hunger,
  Environment, Violence, War, Security, etc.

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The US Innovations Paradigm

• In the last 50 years several major scalable
  innovations originated in the US
• Transistor, Laser, Fiber optics, Micro
  Processor, Windows, DNA, Genetics
• US provided the ecosystem to breed ideas
• Large talent pool, Young diverse talent,
• Risk capital, Government Funding, Autonomy,
  Markets,
• Flexibility, Rule of law, IP framework etc.
• Silicon Valley has been the source of many
  innovations

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Innovations for the Rich

• Most breakthrough innovations have roots in
  defense related funding
• Best brains in the world are busy solving
  problems of the rich who do not have problems to
  solve
• As a result complex problems of the poor do not
  get the right talent
• It is time to change this paradigm
• It is also an opportunity for creating an
  Indian model of Development

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Innovations in India

• Indian diversity has been a fertile ground for
  Innovations
• India has a Long Rich History Heritage
• Invention of Zero and Decimal system,
• Home to one of the three ancient civilisations
  (Indus Valley Civilisation)
• Place of origin of Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism
• Pioneering Universities like Nalanda and
  Takshshila,
• Architectural and Engineering Marvels such the
  Iron Pillar in Delhi
• Temples, Taj Mahal, Qutab Minar, works such as
  Arthshastra, Rigveda, Upanishads
• Traditional Knowledge Systems in Medicine,
  Mathematics, Astronomy, Dance, Music, etc
  

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Innovations in India

• After independence in 1947 Indian innovations
  have facilitated Agriculture Revolution, Milk
  Revolution, Telecom growth, ICT Export, Space
  exploration, Atomic Energy, Defense, Pharma,
  Biotech, etc.
• Indian Government has invested a great deal in
  building institutions Infrastructures to
  facilitate innovations.
• Simultaneously appropriate policies programmes
  have been introduced to help foster innovations

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Current Efforts

• Many players on Multiple fronts
• National Innovation Foundation
• Honey Bee Network
• Society for Research and Initiatives for
  Sustainable Technologies and Institutions
  (SRISTI)
• Council for Scientific Industrial Research
• Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
• Education Institutions like IISc, IITs, IIMs, etc
  
• Technology and Business Incubators
• New Millennium Indian Technology Leadership
  Initiative
• Department of Science and Technology (DST) and
  more .

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Current Efforts

• Techno Entrepreneurs Promotion Program
• Technology Development Board (TDB)
• Home Grown Technology Program (HGT)
• AYUSH Ayurveda Yoga Naturopathy Unani Siddha and
  Homeopathy
• GIAN Grassroots Innovation Augmentation Network
• FRLHT Foundation for Revitalization of Local
  Health Traditions
• TERI The Energy and Research Institute
• CII,FICCI, AIMA and others
• And many more at national state levels in
  Government private sector

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Some Challenges

• The researchers in RD per million people in
  2006
• India (119), China (715), South Korea (3723),
  US (4628) and Japan (5300)
• RD expenditure - 0.8 per cent of GDP
• Education , skill infrastructure need new
  investments
• Need more productivity from the existing
  institutions
• Linkages between academia, research and industry
  need to be Strengthened
• Innovations in Design need to be expedited
  Indias output in new designs 39 vs. 53,000 in
  China in 2002

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Challenges Science Technology

• India Ranked 119 of 149 countries in the 2004
  Science Citation Index
• India produces only 6,000 PhDs a year in science
  and 1,000 in engineering
• Less than 20 of public support for RD is for
  civilian applications
• Indian Institute of Technology was granted 3-6
  patents a year compared with 64 for the Stanford
  and 102 for the Massachusetts Institute of
  Technology (McKinsey)
• According to WIPO statistics (2009) India was
  granted 7,539 patents while the equivalent number
  for Japan was 1,64,954, the US was 1,57,283, the
  Republic of Korea was 1,23,705, and China was
  67,948
• In 2006, India had 119 researchers in RD per
  million people, while China had 715, South Korea
  had 3723, US had 4628 and Japan had 5300

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Global Competitiveness ST
Global competitiveness Innovation Capacity Components Index Global competitiveness Innovation Capacity Components Index Global competitiveness Innovation Capacity Components Index Global competitiveness Innovation Capacity Components Index Global competitiveness Innovation Capacity Components Index Global competitiveness Innovation Capacity Components Index Global competitiveness Innovation Capacity Components Index Global competitiveness Innovation Capacity Components Index Global competitiveness Innovation Capacity Components Index Global competitiveness Innovation Capacity Components Index Global competitiveness Innovation Capacity Components Index Global competitiveness Innovation Capacity Components Index Global competitiveness Innovation Capacity Components Index
Innovation Capacity Index Innovation Capacity Index Quality of scientific research institutions Quality of scientific research institutions University-industry research collaboration University-industry research collaboration Availability of scientists engineers Availability of scientists engineers Utility patents (per million of people) Utility patents (per million of people) Public procurement of advanced technology Public procurement of advanced technology
Country Rank Score Rank Score Rank Score Rank Score Rank Score Rank Score
Brazil 27 4.0 43 5.13 50 3.6 57 4.4 58 0.5 84 3.4
China 25 4.2 37 5.12 23 4.5 52 4.5 54 0.6 20 4.2
India 35 3.8 27 5.1 45 3.6 3 5.7 57 0.5 88 3.4
Japan 2 5.9 15 5.4 21 4.6 2 5.9 3 260 42 3.9
South Korea 9 5.3 14 5.5 12 5.1 19 5.1 7 131 2 5.1
United Kingdom 14 14.0 7 5.7 9 5.1 32 4.8 18 55 32 4.0
United States 6 5.5 1 6.3 1 5.8 6 5.5 1 262 4 4.9
Note Rank refers to the economys global rank on each indicator among 134 economies. Scores range from 1, low, to 7 highest, except for utility patents, where the score shows the number of patents per million people. Note Rank refers to the economys global rank on each indicator among 134 economies. Scores range from 1, low, to 7 highest, except for utility patents, where the score shows the number of patents per million people. Note Rank refers to the economys global rank on each indicator among 134 economies. Scores range from 1, low, to 7 highest, except for utility patents, where the score shows the number of patents per million people. Note Rank refers to the economys global rank on each indicator among 134 economies. Scores range from 1, low, to 7 highest, except for utility patents, where the score shows the number of patents per million people. Note Rank refers to the economys global rank on each indicator among 134 economies. Scores range from 1, low, to 7 highest, except for utility patents, where the score shows the number of patents per million people. Note Rank refers to the economys global rank on each indicator among 134 economies. Scores range from 1, low, to 7 highest, except for utility patents, where the score shows the number of patents per million people. Note Rank refers to the economys global rank on each indicator among 134 economies. Scores range from 1, low, to 7 highest, except for utility patents, where the score shows the number of patents per million people. Note Rank refers to the economys global rank on each indicator among 134 economies. Scores range from 1, low, to 7 highest, except for utility patents, where the score shows the number of patents per million people. Note Rank refers to the economys global rank on each indicator among 134 economies. Scores range from 1, low, to 7 highest, except for utility patents, where the score shows the number of patents per million people. Note Rank refers to the economys global rank on each indicator among 134 economies. Scores range from 1, low, to 7 highest, except for utility patents, where the score shows the number of patents per million people. Note Rank refers to the economys global rank on each indicator among 134 economies. Scores range from 1, low, to 7 highest, except for utility patents, where the score shows the number of patents per million people. Note Rank refers to the economys global rank on each indicator among 134 economies. Scores range from 1, low, to 7 highest, except for utility patents, where the score shows the number of patents per million people. Note Rank refers to the economys global rank on each indicator among 134 economies. Scores range from 1, low, to 7 highest, except for utility patents, where the score shows the number of patents per million people.
Source WEF 2008. Source WEF 2008. Source WEF 2008. Source WEF 2008. Source WEF 2008. Source WEF 2008. Source WEF 2008. Source WEF 2008. Source WEF 2008. Source WEF 2008. Source WEF 2008. Source WEF 2008. Source WEF 2008.
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Some Opportunities

• Organisational flexibility
• Increased collaborations
• Patent protection
• Young talent pool
• Diaspora talent pool
• Traditional knowledge based Products Services
• Low cost robust Broadband ICT infrastructure
• Grassroots/low cost innovations
• Inclusive/BOP/Scalable innovations
• Global markets

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Opportunities in ICT

• ICT has been a major success story for India
• India leads the world in the Out sourcing
  business
• IT-BPO industry revenue is around US 7o
  billion/Yr
• India has around 500 million phones now is
  projected to have over 750 million in 2012
• India has only 7 million broadband connections
  needs 100 million
• The next ICT benefits will come from Broadband,
• Government, applications public delivery
  systems

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ICT Telecom
Table 1.1 Telecom Network Status in India in 2010 Table 1.1 Telecom Network Status in India in 2010
Third largest telecom subscribers in the world Third largest telecom subscribers in the world
Number of telephones 7063.85 lakh
PCOs 17.18 lakh
Teledensity 59.63
Connections added every month in current fiscal yr 150 lakh
No. of Wireless Telephones 6706.20 lakh
No. of Wire line Telephones 357.65 lakh
Village public telephones 567432
Rural Teledensity 27.76
Urban Teledensity 134.08
Switching Capacity 1295.03 lakhs
Internet Connections 16.18 million
Wireless Internet Connections (GSM CDMA) 117.87 million
Broadband subscribers 8.77 million
Optical fiber route length (Public) 667336 Route Km
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Inclusive Innovation The Indian Model

• Innovation paradigm to focus on inclusive
  innovation for/of by the people at the BoP
• Focus on frugal innovation that produces
  products and services that are affordable by more
  people at low levels of income, without
  compromising quality
• Need innovation processes that are frugal in
  terms of the resources required have a frugal
  impact on the earths resources

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From Jugaad to Frugal Engineering

• Existing culture of improvisational innovation or
  jugaad driven by scarce resources customers
  needs
• Informal improvisation needs to be scaled up to a
  system based on frugal engineering geared towards
  Indian needs
• Would drive disruptive innovations in sectors
  such as health, education, housing etc. to meet
  the needs of many. For example the 2000 Tata
  Nano or the 2000 open-heart surgery at Narayana
  Hrudayalaya

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STRATEGY
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Innovation Pentagon
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Strategy

• Provide broader PLATFORM for Innovations
  everywhere to include
• Products
• Services
• Organisations Institutions
• Processes
• Research and Development
• Science Technology
• Governance
• Social and Cultural
• Mindset
• National/ State/ Sectoral Councils

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Strategy

• Encourage Innovations for INCLUSION aimed at the
  Bottom Of the Pyramid
• Awareness
• Access
• Affordability
• Availability
• Scalability
• Sustainability
• Quality
• Pervasive Growth
• Innovations for/by the people
• Innovations for the BOP

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Strategy

• Foster necessary ECO SYSTEM
• Incentives Awards
• Innovation clusters at universities
• Innovative business clusters
• Innovation in MSMEs
• Organisational Autonomy Flexibility
• Policies Programmes
• New Institutions
• Risk/ Venture Capital
• IPR/ Patents
• Web ICT as tools

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Strategy

• Focus on DRIVERS
• Multidisciplinary
• Collaborative
• Disruptive
• Generational Change vs. Incremental Change
• Durable vs. Disposable
• Need vs. Demand
• Nature as Nurture
• Locally Relevant
• Globally Connected and Competitive
• Focus at the Edge

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Strategy

• Expand Space for Discourse on Innovation in the
  country by
• Discussions
• Debates
• Seminars
• Conferences
• Best Practices
• Subversive Dialogue
• Irreverent Dialogue
• New Ideas
• Media
• Innovation Portal

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Strategy impact

• The five-pronged focus will foster innovations
  by
• Democratising Information
• Identifying and empowering domain experts at
  National, State District levels
• Ensuring institutional autonomy, freedom,
  flexibility, accountability and transparency
• Increasing community and public participation at
  all levels
• Improving Governance Planning

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• Disparity
• - Rich Poor
• - Urban rural
• - Educated
• Uneducated

• Demography
• - 550 million below 25
• years
• - Health, Nutrition
• - Education, Jobs

Development - Expedite the process create
new methods new models
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Multiple demands

• Female literacy
• Infant mortality
• Water Sanitation
• Food Nutrition
• Health for all
• Education for all
• Alternate energy
• Droughts Floods
• Security Safety

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Multiple demands

• Scientific Temper
• Implementation
• Improved services
• Better Governance
• District level Development
• Maintenance
• Dignity of Labor
• Process Re-engineering
• And More..

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Role of Technology
Role of Technology

• Technology as a tool for problem solving
• Technology an entry point to increase

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Role of Government

• Government can
• Drive innovation through education policy and
  skill development
• Improve governance and re-engineer public service
  delivery by innovating within its own structures
• Create a roadmap for Inclusive Innovation
• Facilitate connections between universities,
  manufacturers, users and regulators
• Drive high quality research, basic research
  Business Innovations
• Bring appropriate Defense research to consumer
  market
• Promote Innovative Policies Places
• Provide appropriate infrastructures
• Facilitate exchange of innovations between public
  and private sectors
• Initiate Nation wide innovation movement

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Some Innovative Initiatives by Government
Need improved processes, coordination,
collaboration, communication implementation
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NEW INITIATIVES
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New Initiatives

• National Knowledge Network
• Education
• Health
• Panchayats
• Judiciary
• E-Office
• Railways
• E-Governance
• National Advisory Council
• Others

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National Knowledge Network

• Government building IP Network with gigabit
  capabilities to connect 1500 plus nodes across
  the country for Education and Research to expand,
  excel collaborate
• All universities will be included in this
• First phase of NKN is operational with 2.5
  gigabits for
• 57 institutions, 43 virtual classrooms, 95
  crores allocated
• In Final phase 550 institutions to be connected
  by March 2011
• NKN to consolidate multiple networks in the
  country
• NKN to provide new virtual network facilities
• NKN to be the backbone for the Education, health,
  Research and multiple applications for the future
  

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Education

• Expansion, Excellence, Equity Access
• Higher Education Council for Regulatory Reforms
• National Mission on Vocational Education
• More IITs, IIMs, Colleges, Schools investments
• 16 New National Universities Multidisciplinary
  Ed
• 14 New Innovation Universities
• More students in Maths ,Science PhD
• Distance learning Technology in Education
• Open course ware , Corse wise credit, New models
• Private Foreign partnerships

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Health

• Rural Health Mission
• National Health Portal
• Health Literacy
• National Health Information Network vault to
  connect all health institutions and care centres
• Electronic Health Record
• Nationwide Emergency Medical Services
• Public Health/PHC Traditional Systems
• Low cost medicine, facilities care
• Research in Health Systems ,Biotech, Genetics,
  etc

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Panchayats

• To facilitate inclusive growth for Aam Aadmi
  devolve greater power autonomy to panchayats
  for selection, approvals and execution of social
  sector schemes
• Connect 250,000 Panchayats to National Broadband
  Infrastructure
• Create Information Infrastructure at Panchayat
  level for capacity building, productivity,
  efficiency, transparency, training, social audit,
  etc
• Improve processes and procedures to reflect local
  needs decentralization

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E-Legal

• Use ICT to reduce time to justice from 15 years
  to 3
• Create National Arrears Grid/ database
• Identify solve current lags bottlenecks
• Reengineer legal/ Judiciary processes
• Define new policies and procedures
• Focus on Human Resource development
• Develop Infrastructure to enhance efficiency
• Leverage ICT technology tools

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E-Office

• Under the aegis of the Department of IT, the
  National Informatics Centre has designed a
  e-office software to replace paper files in the
  Government of India with a virtual filing system.
  
• For smooth transition the software has been
  created with a user friendly design interface
• This innovative system will create paperless
  government, efficiency and transparency in the
  system
• The project is currently at the pilot stage in
  certain Government departments

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Railways

• Implement real time System to monitor Train
  Schedules
• Implement Modern Electronic Signaling System
• Implement real time Freight Management System
• Provide paperless ticketing incentives on
  Mobile Phones
• Use Railways Fiber (OFN) to connect 50K to 70K
  Panchayats Consumers to Broadband
  functionalities
• Launch dedicated TV channel Satellite
• Launch program to modernize Toilet Systems
• Identify Public Private Partnership to Modernize
  Stations
• Provide Health delivery and Diagnostic centers at
  Stations
• Provide Vocational Education facilities at
  stations

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E-Governance

• Enhance Access Quality of Public services
• Reduce Transaction time cost
• Increase Transparency
• Reengineer Government processes
• Standardize Platforms for service delivery
• Use Web to scale, secure minimize data centers
• Link UID to public services
• Implement e-office for paperless files
  documentation
• Empower all citizens

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Global Experiences

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UK Innovations

• Central organization to coordinate innovation
  strategy
• Higher Education Innovation Fund for knowledge
  transfer from HE to business and public sector
• National Skills Academy in crucial sectors of the
  economy
• Regional Development Agencies (RDAs) to deliver
  tailored business support products at a regional
  level
• UK Governments Venture Capital Fund of 150
  million pounds (246 million) to kick start
  British technology investment and the ailing
  business sector
• The Public Service Innovation Laboratory -NESTA
  to form the centre of an open and collaborative
  approach to develop the radical innovations that
  will transform public services

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Lessons from UK

• Strategy driven by the Department of Innovation,
  Universities and Skills (DIUS)
• Other strategic organisations driving innovation
  and coordinating government effort
• Technology Strategy Board (TSB)
• Regional Development Agencies (RDA)
• Devolved Administrations (DAs)
• UK Intellectual Property Office (UK-IPO)
• Energy Technologies Institute (ETI)
• National Endowment for Science, Technology and
  the Arts (NESTA)

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US Innovations

• Bayh Dole Act 1980 allowed universities to patent
  innovations that grew out of government-funded
  basic research
• Small Business Innovation Development Act in
  1982established the rule for federal agencies to
  commit 2.5 percent of their extramural research
  budgets to the Small Business Innovation Research
  program
• Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA)
  is tasked with maintaining U.S. technological
  superiority, and has a history of creating new
  industries in information technology and advanced
  manufacturing
• Three key science agencies coordinate ST and
  innovation the National Science Foundation, the
  Department of Energy's Office of Science, and the
  National Institutes of Standards and Technology
• New Innovation Strategy underlined in the
  American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA)
• In the Recovery Act the President has committed
  over 100 billion to support groundbreaking
  innovation with investments in energy, basic
  research, education and training, infrastructure,
  advanced vehicle technology, innovative programs,
  health IT and health research, high speed rail,
  smart grid, and information technology .

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Lessons from US

• Patent Reform and Legal Framework
• RD Funding Government aims to invest 18.3
  billion in research funding, the largest annual
  increase in research and development in Americas
  history
• Education and Skills
• Investment of 200 billion over the next decade
  for scholarships and tax credits to help students
  complete college
• Using the 4 billion Race to the Top in Americas
  Schools fund to encourage states to put STEM at
  the center of their reform efforts
• Proposed investment of up to 500 million over
  the next 10 years to create world-class online
  courses available at community colleges
• Creation of Regional innovation Clusters
• White House Office of Social Innovation and Civic
  Participation to grow the marketplace for
  community innovations
• First Social Innovation Fund to identify
  results-oriented non-profit programs and provide
  the capital needed to replicate their success in
  communities
• The Recovery Act provides over 19 billion in
  investments to modernize health information
  technology
• Support for SMEs Defense innovations

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China Innovations

• Chinas National Medium- and Long-Term Science
  and Development Plan (MLP) 2006-2020 aims to make
  it an innovation nation and create a National
  Innovation System
• The Plan aims to raise the ratio of RD to GDP to
  2 by 2010 and to 2.5 or more by 2020
• The plan calls for Chinas overall reliance on
  foreign technology to decline below 30 percent
  from an estimated 60 percent in 2006.
• The MLP also directs that the number of patents
  and leading academic papers from Chinese
  nationals will rank among the top five in the
  world by 2020
• Innovation Drivers Ministry of Science and
  Technology, Ministry of Education, State Council
  and NDRC (National Development and Reform
  Commission) departments, National Natural Science
  Foundation of China (NSFC), Chinese Academy of
  Sciences
• Key Players
• Government Research Institutes
• Higher Education
• Business Sector

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Lessons from China

• RD spending has increased at a stunning annual
  rate of almost 19 since 1995 and reached USD 30
  billion in 2005, the sixth largest worldwide
• Government funding for government research
  institutes and the higher education sector to
  support basic and applied research has driven
  innovation
• Role of Higher Education sector in establishing
  academia-industry linkages
• Role of Business sector as largest RD performer
  in terms of inputs, outputs and patent
  applications
• Government to focus on building up innovation
  capability and creating more IPR on the basis of
  extensive utilization of resources worldwide
• Technological support and tax incentives to small
  and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)
• Move towards Indigenous Innovation
• Technology Markets to facilitate Industry-Science
  relationship. These are physical entities set up
  to facilitate technology transactions between
  sellers and buyers of technology and
  technological services

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China Indigenous Innovation

• MLP defined indigenous innovation as enhancing
  original innovation through co-innovation and
  re-innovation based on the assimilation of
  imported technologies
• Focus on replacing foreign technology in such
  core infrastructure as banking and
  telecommunications systems. That means products
  like integrated circuits, operating software,
  switches and routers, database management and
  encryption systems.
• Patent rules now make it easier for domestic
  retaliation by Chinese companies which face
  overseas Intellectual Property Rights (IPR)
  lawsuits from foreign competitors incentivise
  filing of patents by Chinese companies
• Product testing and approval regimes are geared
  to delay the introduction of foreign imports into
  China, and to study foreign designs and
  production processes before the products cross
  the border
• A refocus on state-industry monopolies and
  controlled competition privileges accompanied the
  enactment of an anti-monopoly law that aims to
  protect domestic companies
• Preferential Government procurement policies and
  industrial and technology standards serve to
  promote products designed and produced in China

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China Indigenous Innovation

• MLP detailed preferences for domestic goods and
  service providers.
• A September 2006 tax bureau Circular on
  Preferential Tax Policies for Innovation
  Enterprises offered two year exemption of
  enterprise income tax.
• The December 2006 Administrative Measures on the
  Accreditation of National Indigenous Innovation
  Products outlined the plans for creating
  national indigenous innovation product catalogues
• The May 2007 Measures for Administration of
  Government Procurement Budgets for Indigenous
  Innovation Products warned government at all
  levels to develop specific indigenous innovation
  procurement plans or they would lose procurement
  funds.
• In May 2007, Measures for Assessment of
  Government Procurement of Indigenous Innovation
  Products lowered government procurement supplier
  qualification standards for companies doing
  indigenous innovation.

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China Indigenous Innovation

• In December 2007, MOF issued Measures for the
  Administration of Government Procurement of
  Imported Products which directed that approval
  by a board of experts is necessary for government
  entities to purchase imported goods. It called
  for favouring foreign suppliers that provide the
  domestic industry with technology transfers and
  training services.
• A January 2008 Enterprise Income Tax Law
  offered a preferential rate of 15 percent to
  high-tech enterprises designated by the
  government as indigenous innovation companies
  because they developed and owned their
  intellectual property.
• On November 15, 2009 with the release of the
  public draft of the Circular on Carrying Out the
  Work on Accreditation of National Indigenous
  Innovation Products, known as Circular 618,
  MOST, the NDRC and MOF issued the joint circular
  announcing the creation of a new national-level
  catalogue of products that will receive
  preferential treatment in government procurement.

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Lessons from Israel

• Eco-system for innovation created through
  government policies, private initiative start
  up culture
• Government push for developing the domestic
  venture capital industry through schemes such as
  Yozma
• High level of investment in RD
• Room for failure

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Other countries
Korea Move from imitation to innovation while leapfrogging in strategic areas
Finland, Ireland, US Use ICTs as a springboard for innovation-led growth
Canada, Ireland Embed knowledge intensive foreign investment in the national innovation system
Japan, Korea Give more depth to the research system by expanding fundamental research
EU, Spain Promote an innovation-led growth while reducing regional imbalances
Switzerland, UK Promote innovation in services
Denmark, US Foster innovation-oriented entrepreneurship
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Global Lessons

• In 2003, the worlds largest companies spent
  70.6 billion in RD outside their home
  countries, up from 33.9 billion in 1995
• Around 2.5 million students were studying outside
  their home country in 2004, up from 1.75 million
  in 1999
• Global Exchanges develop Absorptive capacities
  which help places channel global flows into their
  local economies and become even more connected to
  the global economy in return
• New hotspots of innovation being created beyond
  the US and Europe Sao Paolo in Brazil, Shanghai
  in China and Bangalore in India
• Global research and faculty linkages UK-India
  Science and Innovation Council UK-India
  Education and Research Initiative (UKIERI),
  US-India Business Council, proposed US-India
  Education Council
• Global Research and Innovation Forum for
  coordination
• Global Grassroots Innovation Platforms

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KEY INITIATIVES
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1. Innovation Councils

• To help Implement National Strategy Prepare
  Roadmap for the Decade 2010-2020

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National Innovation Council (NInC)

• Formulate a Roadmap for Innovation for 2010-2020
• Create a Framework for
• Evolving an Indian model of innovation with focus
  on inclusive growth
• Delineating policy initiatives within the
  Government, required to spur innovation
• Developing and championing innovation attitudes
  and approaches
• Creating appropriate eco-systems and environment
  to foster inclusive innovation
• Exploring new strategies and alternatives for
  innovations collaborations
• Identifying ways and means to scale and sustain
  innovations
• Encouraging Central and State Governments to
  innovate
• Encouraging universities and RD institutions to
  innovate
• Facilitating innovations by SMEs
• Encouraging all important sectors of the economy
  to innovate
• Encouraging innovation in public service delivery
• Encouraging multidisciplinary and globally
  competitive approaches for innovations
• Promote setting up of State and Sector Innovation
  Councils to help implement strategies for
  innovation in states and specific sectors

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NInC List of Members

• Shri Sam Pitroda, Adviser to the Prime Minister,
  PIII
• Shri Arun Maira, Member, Planning Commission
• Dr. K. Kasturirangan, Member, Planning Commission
• Dr. Ramesh Mashelkar, Former DG, CSIR
• Shri Kiran Karnik, former
  President,NASSCOM
• Dr. Devi Prasad Shetty, Founder, Narayana
  Hrudayalaya
• Shri R. Gopalakrishnan, Executive Director, Tata
  Sons
• Ms. Kiran Mazumdar Shaw, Chairman and MD, Biocon

• Shri Shekhar Kapur, Film Director and Producer
• Shri Saurabh Srivastava, Chairman, CA
  Technologies
• Dr. Anil K. Gupta, Executive ViceChair, National
  Innovation Foundation
• Dr. Sujatha Ramadorai, Professor, TIFR
• Shri Chandrajit Banerjee, Director General, Cll
• Dr. Amit Mitra, Secretary General, FICCI
• Dr. Samir Brahmachari, DG, CSIR
• Dr. Sanjay Dhande, Director, IIT Kanpur
• Shri R. Gopalakrishnan, Additional
  Secretary, PMO (Member-Secretary)

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www.innovationcouncil.gov.in
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State Innovation Councils

• SICs will do at the State level mostly what NInC
  will do at the national level
• Support the State Government to promote
  innovation in the State
• Encourage young talent and local universities,
  colleges, Medium and Small Scale Industries
  (MSME), RD Institutes
• Map opportunities for innovation in the State
• Identify, Promote and Reward talent in innovation
  disseminate success stories
• Organize seminars, lectures, workshops on
  innovation to educate
• Help build Innovation Eco-Systems
• Organise Risk capital
• Prepare Innovation Roadmaps 2010-2020 for the
  State

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Sectoral Innovation Councils

• Map opportunities for innovation in the sector
• Help create innovation eco-systems
• Encourage young talent and local universities,
  colleges, industries, RD institutes
• Identify and reward talent in innovation and
  disseminate success stories
• Organise seminars, lectures, workshops on
  innovation
• Provide support to promote innovation in your
  sector
• Encourage innovations in public service delivery
• Prepare a Sectoral Roadmap for Innovation
  2010-2020 for the sector in the country

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Proposed Areas Sectoral Innovation CouncilS

• Education
• Health
• Energy
• Water
• Food
• Environment
• Agriculture
• Transport
• ICT

• Service Delivery (Govt, NGO, Private)
• Design
• Creative Industries/Entertainment/Media
• Science and Technology
• Manufacturing
• Rural Development

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Proposed AreasSectoral Innovation CouncilS

• Transport (Aviation, Railways, Water, Road)
• Defence
• Quality Testing, Certification and Assurance
• Patents and Commercialisation of innovations
• Exports
• Traditional Knowledge
• North East

• Automobile
• Gems and Jewellery
• Chemicals
• Agro Foods
• Natural resources
• Waste Management
• Sanitation
• Urbanisation
• Disaster Management
• Pharmaceuticals
• Tourism Hospitality

• Biotech
• Nanotech
• Genetics
• Robotics and AI
• GIS
• Sensors
• Materials
• Space
• Ocean
• Construction
• Textiles

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2. National Innovation Portal

• Information related to innovations and innovators
  in a single repository for prospective innovators
  and policy makers
• Platform for idea exchange
• Platform for fostering industry-academia
  partnerships, and national and global
  collaborations
• Dissemination of information on innovations
  across sectors and in states
• Outreach medium to publicise and announce Awards
  and Challenges
• Similar portals on core sectors such as water,
  energy, environment, biodiversity have been
  successfully facilitated by the National
  Knowledge Commission

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www.innovation.gov.in
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3. Innovation Eco-system

• Innovation is the result of a complex interplay
  of dynamics among various players such as
• Government
• Firms
• Schools/ Education and Research Institutions
• Finance
• Individual Innovators
• Customers/users
• NGOs / Civil Society/ Grassroots organisations
• Media
• Policies and activities in these domains, as well
  as the interaction among these players influence
  the innovation eco-system
• NInC can act as a catalyst for stimulating the
  innovation eco-system by
• Empowering people to innovate
• Providing Policy Direction
• Identifying knowledge/ innovation flows and gaps
• Providing a collaborative platform for existing
  innovators
• Applying innovation to address social and
  development challenges
• Stimulating innovation at National/ State and
  Sectoral levels

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4. Inclusive Innovation Fund

• Establish an autonomous Rs. 5000 crore (US 1
  Billion) Inclusive Innovation Fund
• To encourage commercialisation efforts for
  generating inclusive growth
• To encourage VCs and angel investors for
  designing solutions for BoP with a focus on
• Livelihood opportunities
• Skills and sustainable services
• To be structured as a Fund of Funds with seed
  capital from Government and built up by
  investment from private/public sector
  enterprises, banks, FIIs, HNIs and overseas
  investors
• Will primarily operate as a fund of funds,
  investing in intermediate funds / institutions
  which will make the end investment in the chosen
  areas and also invest directly in ventures
• To be based on a PPP model, structured to achieve
  a 10 to 20 fold multiplier on government
  investment

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The Inclusive Innovation Fund Model
Venture B
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5. Innovation Clusters

• Driving the innovation agenda nationally would
  require strengthening regional capacity for
  innovation
• It is proposed to identify 20 innovation clusters
  across the country to develop and support
  innovation, especially inclusive innovation
• These will enable interconnections between
  intellectual, financial, human and creative
  capital as well as unleash latent potential
• This requires an Innovation Roadmap that focuses
  federal and state, public and private funding on
  creating and sustaining regional anchors
  throughout the innovation economy

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6. Innovation Centres in Universities

• Industry-academia linkages are critical for a
  thriving innovation eco-system
• To enable this NInC will identify and facilitate
  the development of 20 innovation hubs at
  Universities in India
• The idea would be to go beyond IITs and
  established institutions
• This would spur the young innovators in the
  country

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7. Collaboration, Training Research

• Fostering a culture of innovations requires
  mechanisms for collaboration, training and
  research
• The Councils will bring key stakeholders together
  to analyse problems and recommend solutions
• The clusters physical and virtual will create
  support systems and infrastructure for innovators
• The Innovation Fund would provide the right
  resources and incentives
• The Innovation Portal would provide a platform
  for collaboration, sharing and support by
  creating right synergies
• These linkages, knowledge exchanges and support
  mechanisms in the system will enable ideas to be
  transformed into innovative outputs

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8. Multiple Roadmaps

• The core ideas, strategies and recommendations
  devised at the national, state and sectoral
  levels will be crystalised in the form of
  Roadmaps
• These will provide action points and policy
  inputs to the government for innovation focused
  on inclusive growth at the National level, State
  levels and in each identified domain and sector
• These roadmaps will be created at the national
  level by the National Innovation Council, at the
  state level by the State councils and in each
  sector by the Sectoral Councils or sub groups
  identified by the Sectoral Councils

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9. Outreach

• National Innovation Portal
• Papers, Reports, Books, DVDs
• Conferences, Seminars, Workshops
• University, College, Business Interactions
• Innovation Funds Venture capital
• Awards Competitions
• Collaboration with Industry Associations
• Public Broadcasting Platforms DD radio/TV
• Social networks/ Mobile/Web

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10. International Collaborations

• NInC will develop platforms for collaboration and
  engagement with other countries to understand
  their views, ideas and strategies for
  strengthening the innovation eco-system
• These cross-cultural exchanges will stimulate and
  add value to our views on innovation
• These collaborations could be in the form of
  inter-ministerial exchanges, bilateral exchange
  forums or through facilitating linkages at the
  grassroots level.

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Consultations

• Government
• Political Parties
• Ministry of ST
• Science Advisory Council to the PM
• HRD
• Ministry of Information and Communications
  Technology
• Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
• Ministry of Railways
• Ministry of Law and Justice
• NIC
• Planning Commission
• PMO
• State Governments

• Professionals
• Indian Science Community and associations
• Indian Industry Associations CII, FICCI, AIMA,
  etc.
• Think Tanks and Innovation Organizations
• NGOs
• Multilateral Agencies
• Regional/ National/ International Consultations

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Unique Window of Opportunity

• Redefine Innovation Paradigm beyond RD
• Focus on Inclusive Innovations
• Create innovation roadmaps across sectors
• Create necessary ecosystem, talent funding
• Use ICT/Web as entry point for delivery
• Build scalable and sustainable Indian model

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Websites

• Official website www.iii.gov.in
• National Innovation Council www.innovationcouncil
  .gov.in
• National Knowledge Commission www.knowledgecommis
  sion.gov.in
• National Knowledge Network http//www.nkn.in/
• Portals
• National Innovation Portal www.innovation.gov.in
• India Biodiversity Portal www.indiabiodiversity.o
  rg
• Teachers of India www.teachersofindia.org
• India Environment Portal www.indiaenvironmentport
  al.org.in
• India Energy Portal www.indiaenergyportal.org
• India Water Portal www.indiawaterportal.org
• Social Media
• Facebook http//www.facebook.com/pages/New-Delhi-
  India/Adviser-to-the-PM-on-Public-Information-Infr
  astructure-and-Innovations/100738043327407?vwall
• Youtube http//www.youtube.com/iii

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Thank You