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Andrzej Ziebik Institute of Thermal Technology,
SUT
Combined Heat and Power ITT experience in Coal
Technologies
Gliwice, November 22, 2005
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Institute of Thermal Technology Silesian
University of Technology
Divisions Division of Thermodynamics and Gas
Energy Division of Energy Management and
Refrigeration Division of Combustion
Technologyand Internal Combustion Engines
Division of Heat Transfer, Nuclear
Engineeringand Renewable Energy Resources Group
of Computer Methods in Thermal Engineering

• Staff
• - 11 full professors
• - 3 associate professors
• - 17 assistant professors
• 26 masters of science
• (assistants, PhD students)

• Selected activities
• exergy theory and practice
• cogeneration
• simulation and optimisation of power units

• numerical heat transfer
• computational fluid dynamics
• HTAC (High Temperature Air Combustion)

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Institute of Thermal Technology selected books
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Polish German scientific network1997-2003
TU Berlin
TU Clausthal
UMSICHTOberhausen
Gliwice
INternational Cooperation on Research in
EnvironmentAl protection, process Safety and
Energy Technology
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Centre of Excellence OPTI_Energy (V Framewrok
Progamme of European Commission) Optimization,
simulation and environmental impact of energy
systems and processes
2003 - 2006

• summer schools
• international conferences
• international workshops for PhD students
• seminars for the industry

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INTRODUCTION   TRADITIONS OF CO-GENERATION IN
POLAND

• First back-pressure steam turbine 1939
• After the second world war repowering of
  pre-war power stations condenser operating
  in a deteriorated vacuum as the first stage of
  preheating the district heating water
• 60s 70s
• CHPs equipped with special bleed-condensation
  and back-pressure turbines

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The latest 20 years 

• CHPs with heating units  
• Heating units with fluidisation boilers
• Power units adapted to district heating purposes
• Some medium- and small-scale CHPs fired with
  natural gas
• Industrial CHPs fired with hard coal and
  technological fuel gases or liquid waste fuels
• Fundamental fuel in Polish CHPs - hard coal

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The share of electricity produced in district
heating and industrial CHPs   19   (together
with the condensing part)    15 16   (only
co-generation) 
Production of electricity in CHPs
27.5
Production of heat in CHPs
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Unit 1
Unit 3 and 4
Unit 2
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INDUSTRIAL CHPs SPECIFIC PROBLEMS   Short
statistical information  Power rating 3
GWel (9 of global power rating of NES)
The share of electricity production in global
national demand   5 5.5   (in co-generation
4.5 )
The largest industrial CHP   300 MWel
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COALSTEEL
PROBABILISTIC APPROACH TO THE DETERMINATION OF
THE OPTIMAL STRUCTURE OF A METALLURGICAL CHP
FIRED WITH TECHNOLOGICAL FUEL GASES
Repowering of traditional CHP by realization of
gas and steam cycle
Net present value of modernisation of CHP plant
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COALSTEEL
CHP system integrated with metallurgical process
Corex
The Corex process coal gasification

• District heat demand
• ironworks,
• nearby city.

Pig iron and export gas Production.
Process steam demand 0.6 MPa, 270OC
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COALSTEEL
CO2 Removal from Corex Export Gas
5,2 CO2 62,2 CO 26,7 H2 11300 kJ/m3n
The COREX process
The CO2 removal process (physical absorption
with the Selexol solvent)
35 CO2 42 CO 18 H2 7600 kJ/m3n
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COALSTEEL

• Characteristic features
• production of pig-iron in
• big amount
• high exergy efficiency
• basic fuel coke
• (rather high thermoecological cost)

Blast furnace process
Main purpose of rationalization of energy
management of blast-furnace plant decrease of
coke consumption

• Ways of rationalization
• injection of pulverized coal as auxiliary fuel
• increase of blast temperature
• enrichment of blast with oxygen
• increase of top gas pressure

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COALSTEEL
Blast furnace process
Thermoecological cost
Energy indices
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Biomass co-firing ITT and Power Plant Opole

• Impact on boiler and overall plant efficiency
• simulation analysis for existing big power units

Method for calculation of green energy
production
Net power unit efficiency
Moisture content in biomass,