Honors Intro

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Honors Intro

• Turn in Vocabulary
• Pick up Lab
• Read over the directions for this independent
  activity
• Turn into mailbox at end of period today

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What do these words mean?

• Binomial Nomenclature
• Dichotomous Key

3
Break the words into parts

• Bi nomial Nomen clature
• Dicho tomous Key

4
Use prefixes and suffixes

• Bi nomial Nomen clature
• 2 name name caller
• Dicho tom ous Key
• 2 parts cut related to access, clarify

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CP Intro

• Turn in AKS Log Books at the back of the room
• Look over your notes briefly
• Take test
• Turn in to AV cart when done

6
Intro

• Turn in Six Kingdoms Worksheet (Honors) or
  Vocabulary (CP) to the mailbox.
• Pick up worksheet and save until later in period.
• Answer questions for intro
• Why do we classify organisms?
• What is binomial nomenclature?
• What is a dichotomous key?
• What are the 3 domains and 6 kingdoms?

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Honors Chapter 17 Organizing Lifes Diversity
CP Chapter 18 Classification
Taxonomy discipline of classifying organisms
and assigning each organism a universally
accepted name
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18-1 Finding Order in Diversity

• Why do we classify?
• Help to study the diversity of life
• Groups organisms in a logical manner
• Organisms in the same group will be more like
  each other

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Assigning Scientific Names

• We use scientific names
• one name biologists can use everywhere
• eliminate confusion with common names
• Scientific Name
• Armadillidium vulgare

Many different common names for Armadillidium
vulgare
Rolly Polly, Sow Bug, Pill Bug, Potato Bug,
Tumble Bug
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Naming Organisms

• Binomial Nomenclature
• Developed by Swedish Naturalist Carolus Linnaeus
• Systema Naturae published in 1749
• Each species assigned a 2 part scientific name in
  Latin
• Genus species (italics with the genus
  capitalized)
• Armadillidium vulgare

Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778)
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2
Genus
Species
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What is the genus and species of each of these
animals?

• Common name  Scientific name 
• 1. Domestic dog  Canis familiaris 
• 2. Puma  Puma concolor 
• 3. Jaguar  Panthera onca 
• 4. Lion  Panthera leo 
• 5. Leopard  Panthera pardus

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Lynnaean System of Classification
Largest (top) to smallest (bottom) King Phil Came
Over For Good Spaghetti
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3 Domains and 6 Kingdoms
The three-domain system
Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya
The six-kingdom system
Bacteria
Archaea
Protista
Plantae
Fungi
Animalia
The traditional five-kingdom system
Monera
Protista
Plantae
Fungi
Animalia
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The Linnaean Hierarchical Classification System
Largest (top) to smallest (bottom) King Phil Came
Over For Good Spaghetti
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18-2 Modern Evolutionary Classification

• Traditional classification classification based
  on similar structures
• Evolutionary classification method of grouping
  organisms together according to their
  evolutionary history
• Biologists now group organisms into categories
  that represent lines of evolutionary descent, not
  just physical similarities.

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Taxonomic Diagrams
Mammals
Turtles
Lizards and Snakes
Crocodiles
Birds
Mammals
Turtles
Lizards and Snakes
Crocodiles
Birds
taxon
Cladogram
PhylogeneticTree
clade
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Traditional Classification Cladogram
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Cladistic Analysis for Evolutionary Classification

• Cladistic analysis identifies and considers only
  those characteristics of organisms that are
  evolutionary innovations.
• Derived Characteristics are characteristics that
  appear in recent parts of a lineage, but not in
  its older members.
• Phylogeny is the evolutionary history of a group
  of organisms, as in a family tree
• Cladogram is a diagram that shows the
  evolutionary relationships among a group of
  organisms.
• Clade is a common ancestor and all of its
  descendents.
• Taxonomy is the science of classifying organisms.
• Taxon is a name of any category, such as Animalia.

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Intro

• First, read items A, B, and C on your handout.
• Then, we will hear current event presentations.
• Next, we will finish up Classification notes.
• Finally, we will do a lab activity to be
  completed in class today.

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Determine Evolutionary Time for Classification

• Similarities in DNA and RNA
• Similar DNA molecules help determine
  classification
• How closely species are related
• Molecular Clocks
• Use DNA comparisons to estimate length of time
  two species have been evolving independently

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Three DomainsBacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya

• What does the question mark represent?

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18-3 Kingdoms and Domains

• Today we use a 3 domain and 6 kingdom system of
  classification.

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Domain Bacteria
Streptococcus
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Domain Archaea
Methanogen
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Domain Eukarya

• Domain Eukarya has all the eukaryotes
• Protista
• Fungi
• Plantae
• Animalia

Animalia
Protista
Plantae
Fungi
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Kingdom Protista
Paramecium
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Kingdom Fungi
Mushrooms
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Kingdom Plantae
Plants
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Kingdom Animalia
Animals
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CW/HW Assignment

• What is the difference between traditional
  classification and evolutionary classification?
• What is binomial nomenclature?
• Draw a chart listing the 3 domains and 6
  kingdoms.

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Intro

• First, read your Dichotomous Key Lab Worksheet.
• Then, we will hear current event presentations.
• Finally, we will do the lab activity to be
  completed in class today.

32
Intro

• Work on lab if not finished from yesterday and
  turn in to mailbox.
• Work on AKS Log Book turn in tomorrow.
• Work on Reinforcement and Study Guide turn in
  tomorrow.
• Take test on Classification tomorrow.