Main concept: Orders of Magnitude

1
Lecture 1

• Main concept Orders of Magnitude
• Units
• Time second, billion years
• Distance µm (IR light) meter, light year
• Mass Kg

2
Lecture 2

• Hypothesis/theory
• Scientific method
• Keplers laws
• 1st
• 2nd
• 3rd

3
Lecture 3

• Electromagnetic radiation
• Light as waves
• EM Spectrum X-rays, UV, visible, Infrared, radio
  
• Solar spectroscopy--absorption lines
• Sun--cross section
• Sun--nuclear fusion
• Heat flow Conduction, convection, radiation

4
Lecture 4

• Terrestrial vs. giant planets
• Planetary materials solids, liquids, gas, plasma
• Metals, rocks, ices
• Refractory vs. volatile
• Elemental abundances

5
Lecture 5

• Meteorites
• Chondrites
• Rocky/achondrites
• Metal
• Differentiated vs. Undifferentiated
• Primitive (more volatile matter)

6
Lecture 6

• The Moon
• Phases
• Eclipses
• Formation theories
• Capture, fission, co-formation
• The best one impact theory
• Maria vs Highlands

7
Lecture 7

• Lunar history dating surfaces
• Large and small impact craters
• Late heavy bombardment
• Calibrating impact time with sample return from
  moon

8
Lecture 8

• Tidal forces
• Mercury and Moon
• Synchronous orbits/resonances
• Mercurys 3/2 orbit about the sun

9
Lecture 9

• Earth
• Plate tectonics
• Evidence for plate tectonics
• Convergent, divergent, and transform boundaries
• Cross section through the Earth
• Magnetic field--how is it created?

10
Lecture 10

• Mars
• Largest volcano in the solar system--Olympus Mons
• Topography of S. hemisphere/N. hemisphere
• Evidence for liq. water on Mars long ago

11
Lecture 11

• Venus
• Greenhouse effect
• Contrast atmospheres Venus, Earth, Mars

12
Lecture 12

• The outer solar system
• Ice line
• Jupiter cross section/atmosphere composition
• Speed of winds/zonal winds/great red spot
• Origin of Jupiters magnetic field
• Metallic hydrogen

13
Lecture 13

• Galilean Moons (Prof. Ks favorite)
• Callisto
• Ganymede
• Europa
• Io
• Which are differentiated? Which are geologically
  active?

14
Heat Sources

• Nuclear Fusion
• Radioactivity
• Solar Radiation
• Impact heating
• Gravitational heating
• Tidal Heating
• Chemical Heating (Latent heat)

15
Lecture 14 15

• Saturn and Titan
• Saturns rings
• Roche Limit
• Why is Titan interesting?
• Methane atmosphere
• Current visit by Cassini mission
• New discovery--liq. Water on Enceladus

16
Lecture 16

• Asteroids
• Asteroid belt--Bodes law
• Types of asteroids Class C, S, M
• Spectral connection between asteroids and
  meteorites

17
Lecture 17

• Comets
• Dirty Snowball
• Origin Oort Cloud
• Oort cloud vs. Kuiper belt
• Nucleus, coma, tail

18
Lecture 18

• Atmospheres and Life
• Timeline of life--mostly bacteria
• Earths atmosphere early, current, and how it
  evolved
• Origin of life on Earth--thermophile bacteria
• Compare the fate of CO2 on Earth, Mars, and Venus

19
Lecture 19

• Solar system formation/nebular theory
• Extrasolar planets