Major Events of American Revolution

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Major Events of American Revolution
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Strengths Weaknesses
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2nd Continental Congress, 1775

• Washington appointed as commander of Continental
  Army

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2nd Continental Congress, 1775

• Olive Branch Petition professed loyalty to the
  crown and begged the king to prevent further
  hostilities
• King proclaimed colonies in rebellion in August
  of 1775

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Lexington and Concord
April 1775
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Lexington and Concord
April 1775
1st shots fired when British troops, called
Redcoats, led by General Gage attempted to raid
arsenal in Concord, Massachusetts.
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Lexington and Concord
April 1775
1st shots fired when British troops, called
Redcoats, led by General Gage attempted to raid
arsenal in Concord, Massachusetts.
In the middle of the night, Sons of Liberty
members such as Paul Revere warned the Redcoats
were on the way
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Lexington and Concord
April 1775
1st shots fired when British troops, called
Redcoats, led by General Gage attempted to raid
arsenal in Concord, Massachusetts.
In the middle of the night, Sons of Liberty
members such as Paul Revere warned the Redcoats
were on the way
Militia was unsuccessful at Lexington, but their
ambush at Concords Old North bridge was a
victory.
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Fort Ticonderoga Crown PointEthan Allen,
Benedict Arnold, Henry Knox
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Battle of Bunker Hill
June 1775
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Battle of Bunker Hill
June 1775
1st major battle of the war. Colonel William
Prescott ordered 1,200 American troops to dig
trenches to protect Washingtons troops
surrounding Boston.
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Battle of Bunker Hill
June 1775
1st major battle of the war. Colonel William
Prescott ordered 1,200 American troops to dig
trenches to protect Washingtons troops
surrounding Boston.
2,400 Redcoats were ferried across Bostons
harbor under the command of General William Howe
13
Battle of Bunker Hill
June 1775
1st major battle of the war. Colonel William
Prescott ordered 1,200 American troops to dig
trenches to protect Washingtons troops
surrounding Boston.
2,400 Redcoats were ferried across Bostons
harbor under the command of General William Howe
Prescott warned troops, Dont shoot until you
see the whites of their eyes.
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Battle of Bunker Hill
June 1775
1st major battle of the war.
It took three attempts, but the British took both
Bunker and Breeds hill when the Americans ran
out of gunpowder. More than 1,000 Redcoats lay
dead or wounded. The Americans lost 400.
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Battle of Bunker Hill
June 1775
1st major battle of the war.

• It took three attempts, but the British took both
  Bunker and Breeds hill when the Americans ran
  out of gunpowder. More than 1,000 Redcoats lay
  dead or wounded. The Americans lost 400.
• This battle demonstrated
• Americans could fight bravely in battle.

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Battle of Bunker Hill
June 1775
1st major battle of the war.

• It took three attempts, but the British took both
  Bunker and Breeds hill when the Americans ran
  out of gunpowder. More than 1,000 Redcoats lay
  dead or wounded. The Americans lost 400.
• This battle demonstrated
• Americans could fight bravely in battle.
• British would not be easily defeated.

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Thomas Paine Common Sense, 1776

• Persuaded colonists to seek independence
• Republicanism government by the people

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Patriots v. Loyalists
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Declaration of Independence
June July 4, 1776
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Declaration of Independence
June July 4, 1776
Explained the reasons why the colonists were
seeking independence from Great Britain by
listing grievances of King George and his
parliament.
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Declaration of Independence
June July 4, 1776
Explained the reasons why the colonists were
seeking independence from Great Britain by
listing grievances of King George and his
parliament.
Second Continental Congress formed a committee to
draft a declaration of their views
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Declaration of Independence
June July 4, 1776
Explained the reasons why the colonists were
seeking independence from Great Britain by
listing grievances of King George and his
parliament.
Thomas Jefferson from Virginia becomes primary
author. John Adams and Benjamin Franklin serve
with him.
Second Continental Congress formed a committee to
draft a declaration of their views
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Declaration of Independence
June July 4, 1776
Proclaimed a new theory of government
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Declaration of Independence
June July 4, 1776
Proclaimed a new theory of government

• People have unalienable rights.

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Declaration of Independence
June July 4, 1776
Proclaimed a new theory of government

• People have unalienable rights.
• People create government to protect these rights.

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Declaration of Independence
June July 4, 1776
Proclaimed a new theory of government

• People have unalienable rights.
• People create government to protect these rights.
• If government fails to protect these rights, then
  people have the right to change the government,
  by revolution if necessary.

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Declaration of Independence
June July 4, 1776
Proclaimed a new theory of government

• People have unalienable rights.
• People create government to protect these rights.
• If government fails to protect these rights, then
  people have the right to change the government,
  by revolution if necessary.
• Established that because government is based on
  the consent of the governed, the colonists had
  the right to overthrow British government when it
  treated them unfairly.

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Crossing the Delaware
Dec. 25, 1776
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Crossing the Delaware
Dec. 25, 1776
Lowest point in the war for Americans. Washington
described his troops as sick, dirty, unfit for
service and leaving for home daily.
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Crossing the Delaware
Dec. 25, 1776
Lowest point in the war for Americans. Washington
described his troops as sick, dirty, unfit for
service and leaving for home daily.
Thomas Paine writes The Crisis to help support
the brave men with inspiring words.
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Crossing the Delaware
Dec. 25, 1776
Lowest point in the war for Americans. Washington
described his troops as sick, dirty, unfit for
service and leaving for home daily.
Thomas Paine writes The Crisis to help support
the brave men with inspiring words.
Washington reads The Crisis to his troops and
leads them in a surprise attack against the
Hessians (German soldiers fighting for Britain).
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Crossing the Delaware
Dec. 25, 1776
Lowest point in the war for Americans becomes
grand victories and instills new hope especially
when
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Crossing the Delaware
Dec. 25, 1776
Lowest point in the war for Americans becomes
grand victories and instills new hope especially
when
British send forces to trap Washington. Seeing
the fires burning across the river, the British
plan to attack morning of Jan. 2
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Crossing the Delaware
Dec. 25, 1776
Lowest point in the war for Americans becomes
grand victories and instills new hope especially
when
British send forces to trap Washington. Seeing
the fires burning across the river, the British
plan to attack morning of Jan. 2
But Washington had left area on Jan. 1 to slip
behind the enemy and attack Princeton.
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Saratoga
October 1777
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Revolution in the North
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Saratoga
October 1777
Turning point in the war the British surrender
their first major battle
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Saratoga
October 1777
Turning point in the war the British surrender
their first major battle

• Helped in that it
• demonstrated victory over the Americans would
  not be easy for the British

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Saratoga
October 1777
Turning point in the war the British surrender
their first major battle

• Helped in that it
• demonstrated victory over the Americans would
  not be easy for the British
• boosted American spirits

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Saratoga
October 1777
Turning point in the war the British surrender
their first major battle

• Helped in that it
• demonstrated victory over the Americans would
  not be easy for the British
• boosted American spirits
• Persuaded French to supply military assistance to
  Americans

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Benedict Arnold Hero
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Benedict Arnold - Traitor
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Valley Forge
Winter of 1777 To Spring 1778
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Valley Forge
Winter of 1777 To Spring 1778
Continental Army suffers in makeshift quarters
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Valley Forge
Winter of 1777 To Spring 1778
Continental Army suffers in makeshift quarters
Americans sick desperate
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Valley Forge
Winter of 1777 To Spring 1778
Continental Army suffers in makeshift quarters
Americans sick desperate Living in huts On
frozen ground
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Valley Forge
Winter of 1777 To Spring 1778
Continental Army suffers in makeshift quarters
Americans sick desperate Living in huts On
frozen ground Little or no warm clothes No shoes
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Valley Forge
Winter of 1777 To Spring 1778
Continental Army suffers in makeshift quarters
Americans sick desperate Living in huts On
frozen ground Little or no warm clothes No
shoes Supplies finally sent by wives
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Valley Forge
Winter of 1777 To Spring 1778
Continental Army suffers in makeshift quarters
Americans sick desperate Living in huts On
frozen ground Little or no warm clothes No
shoes Supplies finally sent by wives
British comfortable
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Valley Forge
Winter of 1777 To Spring 1778
Continental Army suffers in makeshift quarters
Americans sick desperate Living in huts On
frozen ground Little or no warm clothes No
shoes Supplies finally sent by wives
British comfortable Control Philadelphia Warm
houses
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Valley Forge
Winter of 1777 To Spring 1778
Continental Army suffers in makeshift quarters
Americans sick desperate Living in huts On
frozen ground Little or no warm clothes No
shoes Supplies finally sent by wives
British comfortable Control Philadelphia Warm
houses Plenty of food Sit and wait
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Winter Quarters at Valley Forge, 1777

• Baron von Steuben Prussian drill master who
  whipped rabble into professional army

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New York -Pennsylvania Theatre,1777-1778
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John Paul Jones and the Navy

• Chief contribution was in destroying British
  merchant shipping
• Privateers (private merchant ships) were more
  effective captured 600 British prizes

I have not yet begun to fight!
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Warfare Intensified in Carolinas, 1780-1781

• Nathanael Greene distinguished himself at Kings
  Mountain Cowpens
• He lost battles, but won campaigns and
  succeeded in clearing out most of Georgia South
  Carolina of British troops
• Francis Marion

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War in the South
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Yorktown
October 1781
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Yorktown
October 1781
General Cornwallis surrenders to George
Washington ending the war
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Yorktown
October 1781
General Cornwallis surrenders to George
Washington ending the war
The war is now in the South.
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Yorktown
October 1781
General Cornwallis surrenders to George
Washington ending the war
The war is now in the South.
The British become trapped between
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Yorktown
October 1781
General Cornwallis surrenders to George
Washington ending the war
The war is now in the South.
The British become trapped between Lafayette and
Washingtons troops.
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Yorktown
October 1781
General Cornwallis surrenders to George
Washington ending the war
The war is now in the South.
The British become trapped between Lafayette and
Washingtons troops.
After 3 weeks, they surrender.
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Yorktown
October 1781
General Cornwallis surrenders to George
Washington ending the war
The war is now in the South.
The British become trapped between Lafayette and
Washingtons troops.
After 3 weeks, they surrender.
TWO YEARS LATER...
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Treaty of Paris, 1783

• Very generous terms Britain eager to keep US
  out of the arms of France!

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Treaty of Paris
April 1783
Britain recognizes American independence and
surrenders all lands between Mississippi and
Atlantic Ocean from Great lakes to Florida.
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Treaty of Paris
April 1783
Britain recognizes American independence and
surrenders all lands between Mississippi and
Atlantic Ocean from Great lakes to Florida.
Americans sent-
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Treaty of Paris
April 1783
Britain recognizes American independence and
surrenders all lands between Mississippi and
Atlantic Ocean from Great lakes to Florida.
Americans sent-
Benjamin Franklin
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Treaty of Paris
April 1783
Britain recognizes American independence and
surrenders all lands between Mississippi and
Atlantic Ocean from Great lakes to Florida.
Americans sent-
Benjamin Franklin John Adams
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Treaty of Paris
April 1783
Britain recognizes American independence and
surrenders all lands between Mississippi and
Atlantic Ocean from Great lakes to Florida.
Americans sent-
Benjamin Franklin John Adams John Jay
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Articles of Confederation

• 2nd Continental Congress ordered it
• 1st Constitution of the United States

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Reconciliation Between Britannia and Her Daughter
America
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EFFECTS

• Political Revolution
• Social Revolution
• An American Identity

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Political Revolution

• Republican ideology
• New state constitutions
• Articles of Confederation

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Social Revolution

• Equality weakened old habits of deference
• Paradox of slavery
• Status of women
• Freedom of religion

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Emergence of an American Culture

• Independence Day (July 2, 1776)
• Education
• Americas destiny sense of mission (call world
  toward liberty equality)