Diapositiva 1

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Improve efficiency in the industrial water sector
in Italy G. Boeri, M.G. Farrace National
Environmental Protection Agency and Technical
Services
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Withdrawals for industrial sector per year
(m3/year) in 1998
According to the Italian Committee for the
Vigilance on the Use of the Water Resources
(COVIRI) the forecast for 2015 is of about
13,3109 m3/year
Source IRSA-CNR 1999
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Purposes
Policy for implementing efficiency in the
industrial water sector
Tools
Jurisdictions
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Purposes from Environmental Action Strategy for
Sustainable Development (2001)

•  Priority water management objectives  
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• Conservation or replenishment of water resources
  to fulfil productive, environmental and
  recreational functions
• Economic sustainability of water pricing to
  finance infrastructure development, taking social
  conditions into account.

By the following operational objectives
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• Operational objectives
• Reducing leakage in water supply systems,
  reducing water consumption and re-using treated
  waste water, particularly in agriculture
• Implementation of full cost recovery,
  particularly for sewage and waste water
  treatment moving towards a more socially
  targeted pricing of water amortization of
  investment over long term and ensuring that
  household water prices are independently
  regulated and that other types of water use are
  compatible with sectorial policy objectives.

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Tools

• Knowledge
• Monitoring programmes for water bodies and for
  waste water discharges
• Pilot projects
• BAT.
• Measures
• Some legislative and financial actions as the
  Galli act the legislative decree of 1999 n.
  152 Ministry decree June 12th 2003 n. 185 (which
  establishes the technical requirement for treated
  wastewater reuse) guidelines management plans.
• Best practices
• Voluntary measures.

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Jurisdictions
Optimal management areas
River Basin Authorities
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• TheOptimal management areas (ATO) responsible
  for the Integrated Water Service (integrated
  management from the withdrawal to the discharge),
  covering the totality of the national territory,
  where water is managed with an industrial
  approach aiming at improving the technical and
  economic efficiency of the service itself.
• The River Basin Authorities, which play an active
  role in the planning exercise, define the water
  balance by evaluating water supply and water
  demand, the minimum flow supporting dependent
  ecosystems (DMV), drafting risk and hazard maps
  and preparing the Hydro - Geological
  Configuration Plan (PAI).

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Some Italian outputs on the industrial water
sector efficiency
Regional distribution of waste water treatment
plants according to the law n.185/2003, that will
be used for industrial reuse, either immediately
or after adaptation,
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Water demand re-use in the industrial sector

• If no measures are taken water demand increases
  while volume and quality of available water
  resources decrease
• Availability of water from the national network
  of wastewater treatment plants could provide
  significant quantities of secondary effluents to
  be used when very high quality water is not
  needed
• In most Mediterranean countries the exploitation
  index of renewable water resources is too high.

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Challenge in Mediterranean Countries

• Water re-use seems the most suitable technical
  response. The practice of reused water from
  secondary effluents is expanding in Southern
  European countries where it provides a good
  remedy to local conditions of scarcity or even of
  desertification.
• The main use of water is in agriculture (around
  70 of abstracted waters) but also in some
  industrial sectors like textiles where water
  demand is very high.
• Secondary effluents re-use can represent a risk,
  but the Industrial reuse does not require
  stringent water quality and safety standards.

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Quality standards for water reuse (Ministerial
Decree June 12th 2003 n. 185)
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Best practice example in textile industries

• Water consuming and polluting
• Wastewater need a very efficient removal process
  for COD, nitrogen compounds, toxic molecules
• Main pollutants represented by surfactants,
  cleaners, organic solvents, fats, oils, dyes,
  heavy metals (mainly non ionic) and salts
• Wastewater composition largely variable because
  of the very numerous different processes used.

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Textile Prato Discrict

• Area of 150 ha one of the most large private
  agglomeration of small-medium industries in
  Italy
• 350 sites, 30 of which run a wet cycle process
• Industrial settlement is nearby the big
  Baciacavallo wastewater treatment plant
• Main water source for the area is
  groundwater!!!!!!

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Reuse scheme
Bisenzio River
Bleaching Flocculation
Oxygen
Chlorine
Activated Carbon Filter Sand Carbon
Multilayer Filter Sand Coal
REUSE
Baciacavallo WW treatment plant (100 Liter/sec
STORAGE
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Water balance

• Recovered water increases its salt content which
  can become not suitable for the wastewater
  treatment plant, but by the integration with
  fresh water from the Bisenzio river and from
  about 15 wells drilled on the river catchments
  the recycled water is now collected by a 35 km
  industrial pipe providing up to 7.000.000 m3/y of
  water
• Almost half part of the water resource from the
  Bisenzio river and from the wells, after the
  dilution process, is returned to the
  environment
• Recovered volume cover the industrial need of the
  first area served by the process
• Volume saved for potable uses needs of 1/3 of
  the local population.

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Next steps

• Improvement of the wastewater treatment plant
  through the use of ozone and phytodepuration will
  increase the availability of the recovered water
  to 10 million m3/y which correspond to the
  potable needs of half the population of Prato.
• The experience of the first industrial area
  served by the recycling scheme will be repeated
  to a second area covering over 250 ha.
• Industrial cost of recovered water is much higher
  than for natural freshwater, however due to the
  financially supported tariffs, promoted by the
  Ministerial Decree n.185, for the industrial use
  of the recovered water, an economic balance can
  be achieved.

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Thanks for your attention!!!