Breeds of Swine

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Breeds of Swine

• An Excellent Resource is
• www.ansi.okstate.edu/breeds/swine/
• exhibiting 71 breeds of swine

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Hampshire

• Hamps are known for good muscling. Therefore,
  they were widely used on the sire side in
  breeding programs. However, preference for white
  breeds in confinement has decreased their
  popularity. They are not strong in litter size
  and mothering ability.

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Duroc

• Durocs are rugged, meaty and fast growing. They
  are red, so all-white confinement operations may
  not use them. They are good mothers, but were
  used more for the sire-side in crosses due to
  good muscling. The breed had problems with too
  much fatness, and has concentrated on improving
  that.

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Duroc
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Yorkshire
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Yorkshire

• Yorks are very popular on the maternal side in
  crossbreeding programs. They have large litters
  and are good mothers. They are similar to Large
  White in appearance. Their muscling
  characteristics are not their strong point.

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York Boar
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York Sow
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Large White

• Until recently, Large White probably referred to
  Yorkshire in the US, but this British breed
  provides similar characteristics from a different
  genetic base.

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Chester White
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Chester White

• Chesters had, at times past, similar
  characteristics with Duroc, though growing slower
  and having more fat problems. They are a durable
  breed, and with white skin preferences, have
  resurfaced.

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Landrace

• American Landrace, derived from Danish Landrace,
  is a mothering breed. It is long and prolific. It
  can easily be identified by the large, floppy
  ears and somewhat different body conformation.

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Landrace Sow
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Poland China

• Polands are similar in body conformation to
  Chester White. Color is black with white points.
  Adherence to color became a controversy that led
  to the Spotted breed (originally called Spotted
  Poland China).

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Spot

• Originally derived from Polands that failed to
  adhere to the color rules, the Spots were able to
  make more rapid progress in improvement.

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Berkshire
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Berkshire

• Berks were popular before 1950, then popularity
  declined. Distinguished by the snub, turned up
  nose and black with white spots color pattern,
  they were somewhat like Durocs. A resurgence
  occurred due to fine grain of meat and fatness,
  making them desired in the Japanese pork trade,
  creating a niche market.

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Pietrain

• A heavily muscled European breed, the Pietrain
  carried/carrys the STRESS gene, associated with
  high muscling, but susceptibility to PSE (pork
  quality) problems and stress susceptibility
  (leading to increased mortality).

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Large Blace

• British
• Analogous to Large White (?)

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Hereford

• With color markings similar to the Hereford breed
  of cattle.
• Not popular enough that I have ever seen one.

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Tamworth
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Tamworth

• Once known jokingly as an acorn eater, this breed
  was thin, but thinly muscled as well.
• It has maintained a breed following, partly for
  show purposes.
• It is a bacon type hog, meaning without fat,
  but also without muscle in ham and loin.

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Other Pigs

• Other porcine animals from around the world
  follow.
• Note especially the Meishan, from China, noted
  for very large litters.
• Remember also that FAT has not always been a bad
  thing. Fat was a source of material to build
  explosives.

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