Landfill Planning

1
Landfill Planning
2
Planning

• Access
• Layout
• Site life
• Fill sequencing
• Excavation sequencing
• Closure sequencing

3
Access

• Here are some ways to improve access
• Make all-weather roads
• Consolidate activities to minimize length of roads

4
All-weather Roads

• Use concrete or asphalt
• Millings are best
• Separate small from large
• Crush large
• Use small
• Stockpile in appropriate location

5
Layout Efficiency
Closed Trench w/o Final Cover
Closed Trench w/o Final Cover

• Efficiency
• Lets talk about it.

Closed Trench w/o Final Cover
Closed Trench w/o Final Cover
Active Trench
Excavated Trench
Excavated Trench
Excavated Trench
Metal Pile
Entrance
Soil Stockpile
Compost Pile
Rubble Pile
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Site Life

• Assumptions on density
• Most ranged from 900-1,200 pcy depending on the
  type of machine used to compact the trash.
• This in the ballpark.
• Assumptions on cover ratio
• Most were 61 (6cy waste 1cy soil)
• This is a little further out.

7
Site Life

• Based on errors in cover ratio assumption, most
  landfills wont last as long as expected.
• And they will run out of soil before their
  completion date.

8
Detailed Operational (sequence) Planning

• Most landfills have a general site plan
• (i.e., for permitting)
• Few have useful operations plans
• Excavation plans
• Fill sequence plans
• Soil management plans
• Coordination re drainage, access, excavation,
  etc.
• Solution
• develop a short-term operations plan

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Fill Sequence Plan

• Ensures wet-weather capacity
• Build to long-term design plans
• Optimizes filling operation
• Pre-plans access roads
• Pre-plans drainage system
• Provides lift-by-lift instructions

10
Volume Calculations

• Vital part of FSP.
• Show fill and excavation volumes.
• Normally should not tie activities to a specific
  date - tie to waste volumes.
• Example During Phase 2 you will place 20,000
  yards of waste, excavate 10,000 yards of soil,
  use 7,000 yards of soil for cover, and stockpile
  3,000 yards of soil.

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A Real Plan

• Every landfill has a plan. Lets take a look

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Heres an Example
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Fill Sequence Plans
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Plan Details
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Excavation Plans

• Sequencing the excavation
• Equipment cost/hour
• Haul road slope
• Annual soil requirements
• Depth of individual excavation cells

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Excavation Plan

• Coordinated with fill sequence plans
• Works to minimize double-handling of soil
• Establishes efficient haul roads
• Manages soil stockpiles
• Integral part of soil management plan
• Phases excavation based on TVM

17
Stockpile Placement Considerations

• Place close to minimize haul distance
• Place on top of waste to surcharge and gain
  airspace
• Track volumes to stay on budget

18
Soil Management Plan

• Develop Soil Inventory
• Create Soil Volume/Cost Timeline
• Minimize Double-Handling of Soil
• Avoid Soil Shortage/Surplus
• Utilize soil stockpiles efficiently
• close haul
• surcharging
• Manage various soil types efficiently

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Fill Sequencing Costs

• FSP - should show optimum sequencing
• wet weather areas, push distances
• Phasing - build least expensive phases first,
  most expensive phases later
• Expense is measured per yard of airspace provided
  by each phase.

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Fill Sequencing Costs

• Why delay?
• Time Value of Money - present dollars are more
  valuable than future dollars
• Example You want to buy golf clubs for your
  brother who is retiring in 2 years.
• 1. Buy them now - cost 900
• 2. Buy them in 2 years - invest 743.76 at 10
  interest, you will have 900 in 2 years
• effectively save 156.24 in present dollars

21
Closure Sequencing

• Close it as you go this is important!!

Its all exposed from start to finish.
Its capped as you go - a fraction of the
exposure.
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Pass It On

• If youve learned something, pass it on