The Life Span

1
The Life Span

• Development Ages
• Birth to 6 months
• 6 months to one year
• One to two years
• Two to three years
• Three to four years
• Four to five years
• Five to six years

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The Life Span

• Group Project
• In groups of 4, take the assigned development age
  and determine the physical and/or language
  development of humans
• Use Chapter 3, Section 1 of the text
• Present your research in a graphic to include
• Time line
• Picture
• Main concepts in as few words as possible
• The rest of class will complete a chart to turn
  in for a grade.

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Life Span Chart
4
Cognitive Development

• Schemas a specific plan for knowing the world
  mental representation
• Assimilation fitting objects and experiences
  into ones schemas
• Accommodation change the schema to fit the new
  object

4-legged animals
5
Cognitive Development

• Object Permanence realization that an object
  exists even if it is not in sight or can be
  touched
• Happens in the second
• year

6
Cognitive Development

• Representational thought ability to picture
  something in the mind
• Happens after the first
• year

Maybe I can get the candy if I do this!!!
7
Cognitive Development

• Conservation principle that a given quantity
  does not change when its appearance is changed
• Happens after 5 yrs.

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Cognitive Development

• Piagets Four Stages of Cognitive Development
• Sensorimotor simple motor responses to stimuli
  no object permanence

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Cognitive Development

• Piagets Four Stages of Cognitive Development
• Preoperational egocentric thinking uses words
  and mental images to solve problems or talk about
  things that are not present

10
Cognitive Development

• Piagets Four Stages of Cognitive Development
• Concrete operations understand conservation
  trouble with abstract ideas can classify things

11
Cognitive Development

• Piagets Four Stages of Cognitive Development
• Formal operations understands abstract ideas
  and hypothetical situations can think logically
  and use deductive reasoning

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Cognitive Development

• Major Grade Project, do one of the following
• Make a time-line tracking, explaining, and giving
  examples of Piagets stages of cognitive
  development of a child from birth to 11 yrs
• See page 75 in the text and your notes
• Perform and describe an experiment on a pre-18
  month old to determine if they understand object
  permanence
• See page 71-72 in the text for examples
• Perform and describe an experiment on a pre-5
  year old to determine if they are aware of
  conservation
• See pages 73-74 in the text for examples of
  experiments

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Parenting Styles
My way, or the highway!!!

• Authoritarian
• Parents are the bosses
• Try to control, shape, evaluate childrens
  behavior by their own moral standards
• Kids have no right to question their authority

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Parenting Styles

• Authoritative (democratic)
• Adolescents participate in decisions affecting
  their lives
• Discussion and negotiation in family
• Parents can veto plans if they disapprove

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Parenting Styles

• Permissive (laissez-faire)
• Children have the final say
• Parents do not punish
• Parents accept childrens behavior

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Group Activity

• In groups of 4-5, take one of the theories
  stages of development as assigned (Freud,
  Erikson, or Kohlberg)
• Describe the stages through a picture, drama, or
  narrative
• From the presentations and power point notes, the
  rest of the class will complete a chart to turn
  in after all presentations are complete.

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Group Activity
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Freuds Theory of Psychosexual Development

• Oral Stage
• Infant seeks pleasure through
• the mouth
• - First 18 months

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Freuds Theory of Psychosexual Development

• Anal Stage
• Infant seeks pleasure through
• functions of elimination
• 18 mos. to 3 yrs.
• Establishes social
• control by toilet
• training

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Freuds Theory of Psychosexual Development

• Phallic Stage
• Infant seeks pleasure through
• focusing on genitals
• 3 to 6 yrs.
• May conflict with parent of
• opposite sex for affection
• Will identify with same-sex
• parents behaviors and moral
• values

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Freuds Theory of Psychosexual Development

• Latency Stage
• Sexual impulses are redirected
• into learning new skills, called
• sublimation
• 6 yrs. to puberty

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Freuds Theory of Psychosexual Development

• Genital Stage
• Sexual desires renewed
• Puberty through adulthood
• Seek relationships with
• others
• Get satisfaction from
• giving and receiving
• pleasure

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Group Activity
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Eriksons Theory of Psychosocial Development

• Everyone faces periods of crisis as we grow older
• If we succeed, receive praise builds
  self-esteem
• If we fail or are punished feel shame or
  self-doubt

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Eriksons Stages of Psychosocial Development

• Trust vs. Mistrust
• Crisis Is my world predictable and supportive?
• Early infancy

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Eriksons Stages of Psychosocial Development

• Autonomy vs. Shame Doubt
• Crisis Can I do things myself or must I rely on
  others?
• 1 to 3 yrs.

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Eriksons Stages of Psychosocial Development

• Initiative vs. Guilt
• Crisis Am I good or bad?
• 3 to 6 yrs.

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Eriksons Stages of Psychosocial Development

• Industry vs. Inferiority
• Crisis Am I successful or worthless?
• 6 to 12 yrs.

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Eriksons Stages of Psychosocial Development

• Identity vs. Role Confusion
• Crisis Who am I?
• Early teens

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Eriksons Stages of Psychosocial Development

• Intimacy vs. Isolation
• Crisis Shall I share my life with someone or
  live alone?
• Young adult

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Eriksons Stages of Psychosocial Development

• Generativity vs. Stagnation
• Crisis Will I succeed in life?
• Middle adult

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Eriksons Stages of Psychosocial Development

• Ego Integrity vs. Despair
• Crisis Have I lived a full life?
• Older adult

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Group Activity
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Kohlbergs Stages of Moral Development

• Pre-conventional Stage 1
• Obedience and Punishment
• Decisions based on avoidance of punishment
• No concept of right and wrong
• Will I be spanked?

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Kohlbergs Stages of Moral Development

• Pre-conventional Stage 2
• Instrumental relativist
• Immediate family
• Decisions made based on consequences
• Does it hurt me or help you?
• Will it hurt me or hurt you?

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Kohlbergs Stages of Moral Development

• Conventional Stage 3
• Good boy/Nice girl
• Extended family
• Decisions made based on what others think
• Will they approve?
• Will they disapprove?

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Kohlbergs Stages of Moral Development

• Conventional Stage 4
• Law and Order
• Self-serving view of society
• Decisions made based on moral/legal rules
• Is it legal?
• Is it a sin?

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Kohlbergs Stages of Moral Development

• Post-Conventional Stage 5
• Social Contract
• Interactive view of society
• Decisions made based on current conditions,
  fairness
• Is it fair?
• Is it good for society?

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Kohlbergs Stages of Moral Development

• Post-Conventional Stage 6
• Universal ethics principle
• Cost/benefit analysis of society
• Decisions made based on golden rule, more
  important than written laws
• If I did it to you, would you do it for me?