Chapter One

1
Chapter One
Becoming aPublic Speaker
2
Chapter One

• Table of Contents
• The Many Benefits of Public Speaking
• Public Speaking as a Form of Communication
• Public Speaking and the Communication Process
• Learning to Speak in Public
• Classical roots of public speaking

3
The Many Benefits of Public Speaking

• Professional and personal opportunities
• Honing Critical Thinking and Listening Skills
• Enhancing Your Career as a Student
• Accomplishing Professional and Personal Goals
• Exploring and Sharing Values

4
The Many Benefits of Public SpeakingHoning
Critical Thinking and Listening Skills

• Sharpen your ability to reason or think
  critically.
• Learn to make claims and present evidence and
  reasoning
• Improve listening skills which enables you to
  separate fact from falsehood.

5
The Many Benefits of Public SpeakingEnhancing
Your Career as a Student

• Preparing speeches involves numerous skills that
  you can use in other courses
• Research
• Oral presentation
• Basic communication
• Creative thinking

6
The Many Benefits of Public SpeakingAccomplishin
g Professional and Personal Goals

• Professional Goals
• Convey information, persuade and motivate others
• Skill in public speaking tops the list
  ofsought-after skills by many organizations.
• Personal Goals
• Public speaking helps you communicate personal
  concerns to others.

7
The Many Benefits of Public SpeakingExploring
and Sharing Values

• Public speaking enables you to express values and
  explore those of others in a civil dialogue,
  regardless of whether or not the audience shares
  your viewpoint.

8
Public Speaking as a Form of Communication

• Dyadic communication communication between two
  people
• Small group communication small number of people
  who can see and speak directly with each other

9
Public Speaking as a Form of Communication

• Mass communication a speaker and a large
  audience of unknown people
• Public speaking a speaker delivers a message
  with a specific purpose to an audience who are
  present during delivery

10
Public Speaking as a Form of Communication

• Similarities between Public Speaking and Other
  Forms of Communication
• Differences between Public Speaking and Other
  Forms of Communication

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Public Speaking as a Form of CommunicationSimila
rities between Public Speaking and Other Forms of
Communication

• Like small group communication, public speaking
  requires you to clearly address issues that are
  relevant to the topic and occasion.
• Like mass communication, you have to appeal to a
  listeners interest, attitudes, and values.

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Public Speaking as a Form of CommunicationSimila
rities between Public Speaking and Other Forms of
Communication

• Like in conversations, you have to attempt to
  make yourself understood, involve and respond to
  the listeners, and take responsibility for what
  you say.

13
Public Speaking as a Form of CommunicationDiffer
ences between Public Speaking and Other Forms of
Communication

• Feedback in public speaking is more restrictive.
• Preparation must be careful and extensive.
• The degree of formality tends to be higher.

14
Public Speaking and the Communication Process

• Communication is an interactive process in which
  people exchange and interpret messages with one
  another.

15
Public Speaking and the Communication Process

• Elements of Communication
• Special Speaker Considerations Speech Context,
  Goals, and Outcome

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Public Speaking and the Communication
ProcessElements of Communication

• Source Person who creates a message
• Encoding physical process of delivering a
  message
• Receiver Recipient of the sources message
• Decoding process of interpreting the speakers
  message
• Message Content of the communication process
  thoughts and ideas

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Public Speaking and the Communication
ProcessElements of Communication

• Channel medium through which the speaker sends a
  message
• Noise interference that serves as a barrier to
  communication
• Audience Perspective needs, attitudes, and
  values of the audience

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Public Speaking and the Communication
ProcessElements of Communication

• Shared Meaning mutual understanding of a message
  between speaker and audience

19
Public Speaking and the Communication
ProcessSpecial Speaker Considerations

• Speech context factors that influence the
  audience, the speech, or the occasion.
• Maintain a clear focus on your goal.
• Make sure afterward that you have accomplished
  the goal you set out to reach.

20
Learning to Speak in Public

• Draw on Familiar Skills
• Recognize Public Speakings Unique Requirements
• Aim to Become a Culturally Sensitive Speaker

21
Learning to Speak in Public

• Public speaking is an acquired skill.
• People have to devote time and effort to
  improvement.

22
Learning to Speak in PublicDraw on Familiar
Skills

• There are many skills to public speaking that you
  have used unknowingly throughout your life, in
  conversation and writing.

23
Learning to Speak in PublicDraw on Familiar
Skills

• Writing and public speaking have many
  similarities.
• Each require a focused sense of the audience
• Each require research and documentation
• Both use effective transitions
• Both rely on persuasion

24
Learning to Speak in PublicDraw on Familiar
Skills

• Conversation and public speaking also have many
  similarities.
• Both require the speaker to consider the
  audience, the topic, and the occasion.
• However, conversation is more informal public
  speaking requires formal language

25
Learning to Speak in PublicRecognize Public
Speakings Unique Requirements

• Use familiar words and straightforward syntax.
• Use a conversational tone along with a formal
  style.

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Learning to Speak in PublicAim to Become a
Culturally Sensitive Speaker

• Recognize and appreciate all forms of diversity.
• Create a sense of inclusion.
• Avoid ethnocentrism the belief that the ways of
  ones own culture are superior to those of other
  cultures

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Classical roots in public speaking

• Rhetoric the practice of oratory
• The cannons of rhetoric the five part process of
  preparing a speech

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Classical roots in public speaking

• The cannons of rhetoric
• Invention adapting to the audience
• Arrangement organizing the speech
• Style language choice
• Memory practicing the speech
• Delivery vocal and nonvocal behavior