Unit 11 The Old Man and the Sea

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Unit 11 The Old Man and the Sea

• By Ernest Hemingway

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1.luckless

• 1.having no luck in sth you are trying to do
• Eg.He died in the desert like so many other
  luckless explorers.

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2.skiff

• A small boat for one person

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3.marlin

• 1.a large sea fish with a long sharp nose, which
  people hunt for sport

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4.solitary

• (a person or thing) the only one you can see in a
  place
• Eg.a solitary tree in the middle of the field
• 2.spending a lot of time alone, usually because
  they like being alone
• Eg. a solitary man who never spoke to anyone
• 3.done or experienced without anyone else around
• Eg. a long, solitary walk across the moors

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5.skeleton

• 1.the structure consisting of all the bones in a
  human or animal body
• 2.the most important part of sth,to which more
  detail can be added later
• Eg. It is just a skeleton of the report, showing
  the three basic points.
• 3.an extremely thin person or animal
• Eg. The prisoners were just skeletons.
• 4.skeleton staff / service only enough to keep
  an operation running
• Eg. British Rail is operating a skeleton service
  on Christmas day.

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6.coil

• To wind or twist into a serious of rings, or to
  make sth do sth
• Eg. Please coil the cords neatly before you put
  them away.

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7. furl

• 1.to roll or fold sth such as a flag, umbrella or
  sail

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8.mast

• A tall pole on which the sails or flags on a ship
  are hung
• A tall metal tower that sends out radio or
  television signals

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9.patch

• 1.to put a piece of cloth over a hole
• Eg. A new plan was quickly patched together.
• 2.to end an argument because you want to stay
  friendly with someone
• Eg. Try to patch up your differences before he
  leaves.

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10.gaunt

• 1.very thin and pale, esp because of illness or
  continued worry
• Eg. I looked into her face and it was gaunt with
  exhaustion.
• 2.(a building, mountain) very plain and
  unpleasant

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11.haul

• 1.to pull sth heavy with a continuous, steady
  movement
• Eg. The fisherman were hauling in their nets.
• 2.haul sb over the coals to speak to sb angrily
  because they have done sth wrong
• 3.to carry goods in a vehicle
• 4.haul up to officially bring sb to a court of
  law to be judged
• Eg. Campell was hauled up in front of the
  magistrate.

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12.terrace

• 1.a row of houses that are joined to each other
• 2.an area,esp next to a hotel or restaurant,
  where people can sit outside to drink or eat
• 3.flat roof
• 4.flat land a flat area cut out of a slope, usu
  one in a series that rise up the slope

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13.attain (v.) attainment attainable

• 1.to succeed in reaching a particular level or in
  getting sth after trying for a long time
• eg. More women are attaining positions of power
  in public life.
• 2.to reach a high level
• eg.Share prices attained a high of 3.27.

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14.humility (n.)

• 1.The quality of not being too proud
• about oneself

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15.disgraceful (adj.)

• 1.extremely bad or unacceptable
• eg.Its a disgraceful state of affairs when
• decent folk are afraid to leave their
• homes.

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16.turtle (n.)

• 1.an animal that lives mainly in water and has a
  soft body covered by a hard shell
• 2.turn turtle a boat that turns upside down

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17.flatten (v.)

• 1.to make sth flat or to become flat
• eg.Noah flattened the cardboard boxes
• before throwing them away.
• 2.to destroy a building or town by
• knocking it down
• 3.flatten yourself againstto press your
• body against sth
• flattened unhappy and embarrassed because
• of what someone has said about you

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18.overlap (v.)

• 1.(two things) part of sth covers part of
• another thing
• 2.two sets, subjects or ideas include
• some but not all of the same things
• eg.This is where sociology overlaps with
• economics.

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19.sturdy (adj.)

• 1.(someone) strong, short and healthy looking
• 2.an object that is strong, well-made
• eg.a sturdy wall
• 3.determined and not easily persuaded to
• change the opinions
• eg.They kept up a sturdy opposition to the plan.

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20.tinted (adj.)

• 1.(glass)colored, rather than completely
• transparent

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21.crease (n.)

• 1.a line on cloth, paper made by folding
• eg.Youve got a crease in your dress
• where you have been sitting.
• 2.the line where the player has to stand
• to hit the ball

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22.stew (n.)

• 1.a cooked fish, made of meat and vegetables
• that are cooked slowly together in liquid
• 2.in a stew to be confused or anxious, esp
• because you are in a difficult situation
• eg.You are in a real stew about this interview,
• arent you?

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23.rig (v.)

• 1.to arrange or influence an election,
  competition
• eg.She claimed the election was rigged.
• 2.to provide a ship with ropes, sails etc
• 3.rig sb out to dress sb in special clothes
• eg.They had rigged the little boy out in a
• sailor suit.

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24.tar (n.)

• a black substance thick and sticky when hot but
  hard when cold
• a sticky substance that is formed by burning
  tobacco

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25. oakum (n.)

• 1.small pieces of old rope used for filling
• up small holes in the side of wooden ships

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26.evacuate evacuation

• 1.to send people to a safe place from a dangerous
  place
• Eg. The villagers were evacuated to the
  countryside.
• 2.to empty a place by making all the people leave
• Eg. The whole building has been evacuated.
• 3. To empty your bowels

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27.ancestor ancestral

• A member of your family who lived a long time ago
• The form in which a modern machine, vehicle first
  existed
• Eg. Babbages invention was the ancestor of the
  modern computer.

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28. sampan

• a small boat used in China and Southeast
• Asia

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29.despair

• 1.a feeling that you have no hope at all for the
  future
• Eg. I sent ages trying to fix it, but gave up in
  despair.
• Normans constant drinking drives his family to
  despair.
• 2.the despair ofsomeone or something that makes
  sb feel worried, upset

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30.McCarthy
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31.alliance allied

• 1.an agreement in which two or more countries to
  work together in order to change or achieve sth
• Eg. The two countries entered into a defensive
  alliance.
• 2.a group that is formed when two or more
  countries work together
• Eg. Relief workers in alliance with local
  charities are trying to help the famine victims.

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32.umbrella organization

• An organization that includes many
• smaller groups

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33.get away with

• 1.to not be caught or punished for sth you have
  done wrong
• Eg. I dont know they manage to get away with
  paying such low pages.
• 2.to be able to do sth, even though it is not the
  best thing to do
• Eg.I think you could just about get away with
  wearing navy shoes with that dress.

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34. showcase

• An event or situation that is designed to show
  the good qualities of a person, organization or
  product
• Eg. The new musical is a good showcase for her
  talents.
• 2. A glass box containing objects for people to
  look at in a shop

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35.gruesome

• Very unpleasant and shocking, and usually
  connected with death or injury
• Eg. Spare me all the gruesome details.

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36.stark starkness

• 1.very simple and severe in appearance
• Eg. In the cold light the castle looked stark and
  forbidding.
• 2.unpleasantly clear and impossible to avoid
• Eg. The film shows the stark realities of life in
  the slums.
• stark reality / choice
• 3.complete or total
• Eg. Jerrys eyes were widely open with a look of
  stark terror.

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37.decapitate decapitation

• to cut off someones head

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38.belly

• 1.your stomach
• Eg. She lay on her belly in the long grass.
• 2.the underneath of an animals body
• 3.a curved or rounded part of an object
• Eg. the belly of a plane

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39.rip

• 1.to tear sth quickly and violently
• Eg. Ive ripped my skirt on a nail.
• 2.rip sth opento open sth by tearing it
• Eg. Sue ripped the letter open.
• 3.to remove sth quickly and violently
• Eg. Weve had to rip down all the wallpaper.

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40.nude

• 1.not wearing any clothes naked
• 2.done or involving people who are not wearing
  any clothes
• Eg. There are several nude scenes in the film.

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41.pornography pornographic

• Magazines, films that show sexual acts and images
  that is intended to make people excited
• The treatment of sexual acts in pictures or films
  to make people excited

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42. agony

• 1.very severe pain
• Eg. The poor guy was in agony.
• 2.a very sad, difficult or unpleasant situation
• eg. It was agony not knowing if she would live.

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43.appall appalled appalling

• To shock sb by being very sad or unpleasant
• eg. The whole idea of killing animals for fur
  appalls me.
• Rescue workers were appalled at what they saw.

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44.hook

• 1.to catch a fish with a hook
• Eg. I hooked a 20 pound salmon last week.
• 2.to fasten or hang sth onto sth else
• Eg. He managed to hook his leg over the branch.
• 3. To bend your fingers, arm or leg so that you
  can pull or hold sth else
• Eg. Jack hooked his arm around the other mans
  neck.

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45.atrocity atrocious

• 1.an extremely cruel and violent action, esp
  during a war

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46.quest

• 1.esp literary a long search for sth such as
  truth or knowledge
• Eg. the quest for enlightenment

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47.complex

• 1.a group of building that are close together, or
  containing smaller buildings that are used for
  the same purpose
• Eg. They are a vast new shopping complex in the
  town.
• 2. An emotional problem in which sb is
  unnecessarily anxious about sth or thinks too
  much about sth
• Eg. Shes has some kind of a complex about her
  nose.

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48.indignant indignation

• 1.expressing anger and surprise because you feel
  insulted or unfairly treated
• Eg. Harriet was indignant at the suggestion that
  she might need help.

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49.squid

• 1. A sea creature with a long body and ten arms
  around the mouth

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50.lace

• 1.lace up to pull sth together or fasten sth by
  tying a lace
• Eg. Lace up your shoes or youll trip over.
• The canvas was laced to a steel frame.
• 2.to pass a string through holes in sth such as a
  pair of shoes
• 3.to add a small amount of alcohol or a drug to a
  drink
• 4. Be laced with (a book or speech)has a lot of
  particular qualities through it

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51.outrage outrageous

• 1.a feeling of great anger and shock
• Eg. The injustice of the situation filled him
  with a sense of outrage.
• 2.a very cruel,violent and shocking action or
  event
• Eg. These terrorist attacks are an outrage
  against society.

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52.dogged

• Dogged actions or behavior show that you are very
  determined to continue doing sth
• Eg. her dogged determination to succeed

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53.come to terms with

• To accept an unpleasant situation or event and no
  longer feel upset or angry about it
• Eg. Its hard to come to terms with being
  unemployed.

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54.spearhead

• To lead an attack or organized action
• Eg. Ross spearheaded a campaign to improve sales.

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55.expatriate

• To force sb to leave their own country and go to
  live in another country, esp. because they have
  broken the law

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56.insanity

• 1.very stupid actions that may cause you serious
  harm
• Eg. It was sheer insanity to drive across the
  mountains in the dark.
• 2.the state of being seriously mentally ill, so
  that you cannot live normally in society
• Eg. The court acquitted Campbell on the grounds
  of temporary insanity.