22 Male Reproductive System

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22 Male Reproductive System

• I. Overview
• II. Testes
• III. Epididymis
• IV. Ductus (Vas) Deferens
• V. Accessory Glands
• VI. Penis

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22 Male Reproductive System I. Overview

• A. Testis (22.1)
• B. Epididymis
• C. Ductus deferens
• D. Urethra
• E. Penis
• F. Seminal Vesicle
• G. Prostate

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II. Testis

• A. Stroma (22.1)
• 1. tunica albuginea
• 2. tunica vaginalis
• 3. mediastinum testis
• 4. septa
• 5. testicular lobules

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II. Testis

• B. Parenchyma (22.1)
• 1. Seminiferous tubules
• 2. Straight tubules
• 3. Rete testis
• 4. Ductuli efferentes

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II. Testis

• C. Seminiferous tubules (22.2)
• 1. 250 m / testis
• 2. stratified (germinal) epithelium
• a. spermatogenic cells
• b. Sertoli cells
• 3. basal lamina with myoid cells
• 4. 150-250 mm diam.
• 5. CT layer

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II. Testis

• D. Spermatogenesis (22.4,22.5)
• 1. spermatogonia
• a. basal lamina
• b. mitotic
• 2. 1o spermatocyte
• a. large cells
• b. meiosis

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II. Testis

• D. Spermatogenesis (22.4,22.6)
• 3. 2o spermatocytes
• a. from 1st meiotic division
• b. short lived
• 4. spermatids
• a. from 2nd meiotic division
• b. 4 from each daughter cell

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II. Testis

• E. Spermatogenesis vs. spermiogenesis
• (22.7)
• 1. spermatogonia to spermatozoan 64 days
• 2. spermatogenesis occurs in waves along
  seminiferous tubules
• 3. Each cross section of tubule will show a
  different stage of development

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II. Testis

• F. Spermiogenesis
• 1. spermatid to mature spermatozoon (22.9)

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II. Testis

• F. Spermiogenesis
• 2. Golgi Phase (22.9)
• a. prominent Golgi complex
• b. acrosomal vesicle
• c. centioles opposite acrosome

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II.Testis

• F. Spermiogenesis
• 3. Acrosomal Phase (22.9)
• a. acrosome next to nucleus
• b. anterior pole towards basal lamina
• c. nucleus elongated and condensed
• d. 1 centriole forms flagellum
• e. mitochondria around base of flagellum

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II. Testis

• EM of Acrosomal Phase of spermiogenesis 22-10

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II.Testis

• F. Spermiogenesis
• 4. Maturation Phase (22.9,22.11)
• a. residual body shed
• b. spermatozoan released into lumen

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II. Testis

• G. Sertoli cells
• 1. extend from basal lamina to lumen (22.4)
• 2. lateral surface intedigitates with
  spermatogenic cells
• 3. prominent nucleolus
• 4. rat - Sertoli cells
• only at BM (?)

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II. Testis

• G. Sertoli cells
• 3. blood-testis barrier (22.12)
• a. tight and gap junctions
• b. basal compartment
• c. adluminal compartment

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II. Testis

• G. Sertoli cells
• 4. functions
• a. support spermatogenesis (22.12)
• 1) physical support
• 2) nutritional support

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II. Testis

• G. Sertoli cells
• 4. functions
• b. phagocytosis (22.12)
• 1) residual bodies

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II. Testis

• G. Sertoli cells 22.12
• 4. functions
• c. secretion
• 1) vehicle for sperm
• 2) androgen binding protein
• 3) converts testosterone to estradiol
• 4) inhibin decr. FSH in pituitary

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II. Testis

• H. Interstitial (Leydig) Cells
• 1. round cell (22.4,22.3)
• 2. central nucleus
• 3. acidophilic cytoplasm
• 4. lipid droplets
• 5. secretes testosterone

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II. Testis

• H. Interstitial Cells 22-14

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III. Epididymis

• A. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
  (22.1,22.15)
• 1. stereocilia
• 2. uptake digestion of residual bodies
• B. Smooth muscle
• C. Storage and
• Maturation of sperm

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IV. Ductus (vas) deferens

• A. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
  (22.1,22.16)
• 1. stereocilia
• B. Lamina propria with elastic fibers

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IV. Ductus deferens

• C. Muscularis (22.16)
• 1. inner longitudinal
• 2. mddle circular
• 3. outer longitudinal

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IV. Ductus deferens

• D. Spermatic cord
• 1. ductus deferens
• 2. testicular artery
• 3. pampiniform plexus
• a. venous network to remove heat from
  artery
• 4. nerves

http//www.udel.edu/Biology/Wags/histopage/colorpa
ge/cmr/cmrsc.GIF
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V. Accessory Glands

• A. Seminal vesicles
• 1. two convoluted tubes (22.1,22.17)
• 2. folded mucosa
• 3. pseudostratified columnar epithelium
• 4. lamina propria with elastic fibers
• 5. smooth muscle fibers

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V. Accessory Glands

• A. Seminal vesicles 22-17
• 6. secretion
• a. spermatozoa activating substances
• b. CHO nutrition for spermatozoa

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V. Accessory Glands

• B. Prostate gland
• 1. 30-50 branched tubuloalveolar glands
  (22.18,22.19)
• 2. open into prostatic urethra

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V. Accessory Glands

• B. Prostate gland(22.20)
• 3. epithelium
• a. pseudostratified columnar
• b. simple columnar
• c. simple cuboidal
• 4. stroma
• a. fibroelastic CT
• b. smooth muscle fibers
• 5. prostatic concretions (corpora amylacea) -
  eosinophilic

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VI. Penis

• A. Erectile tissue (22.21)
• 1. two corpora cavernosa
• 2. corpus spongiosum or corpus cavernosum of
  the urethra

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VI. Penis

• A. Erectile tissue (22.17)
• 3. tunica albuginea
• 4. venous spaces
• 5. trabeculae
• a. CT
• b. smooth muscle

Erec
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VI. Penis

• B. Erection
• 1. parasympathetic input
• 2. inhibition of sympathetic vasoconstriction
• 3. vasodilation of penile vessels
• 4. engorgment of erectile tissue
• C. Ejaculation
• 1. sympathetic peristaltic contraction of
  tubes and ducts
• 2. vasoconstriction of blood vessels
• 3. flaccid penis