23 November 2005

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African Space Issues and Directions
science and technology
Pontsho Maruping Acting General Manager Frontier
Programmes

• 23 November 2005

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Outline

• Why space?
• Key Issues
• Possible scenarios
• Challenges
• Opportunities
• Strengths
• What do we need to succeed?
• Proposed direction

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Why Space???
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URBAN PLANNING
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Ikonos Cape Town
Infrastructure planning
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Environmental management
ERS Saldanha Bay OIL SPILL MONITORING
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SHIP DETECTIONTABLE BAY, CAPE TOWN, RADARSAT
10 metre SAR
Maritime Security
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Why Space?

• Essential operational, decision making and policy
  planning tool in areas such as
• Resource management
• Urban planning
• Environmental management
• etc
• Land, air, sea communication
• Navigation systems

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Strategic Decisions

• Maintain status quo, and do not intensify our
  involvement in space affairs
• Procure from current satellite operators
• Partnership with someone who is going to launch a
  satellite
• Fully-fledged launch program
• Build satellites and get someone else to launch
  them

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Shares of manufactured products in world exports
by technology levels from 1976 to 2000 ()
Resource based
High Technology
Medium Technology
Low Technology
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TECHNOLOGY AREAS

• Space System Engineering
• Space compatible Components Materials
• Space quality Manufacturing Processes
• Assembly, integration Test
• Simulation Test
• Navigation Control Algorithms
• Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation
• Operational software
• Environmental Testing
• Satellite Ground Station
• Thermal Control
• Environmental Sensors

• High Low Resolution Observation Cameras
• Electro-Optical Navigation Sensors (Sun
  Horizon)
• Inertial Navigation Sensors
• Image Communication
• Telemetry, Command and Control
• On-Board Computers
• Structural Elements
• Hydrazine Reactive Orientation Propulsion
  Systems
• Solar Power System
• Clock System
• Magnetometer

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Challenge
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What Do We Need To Succeed?
Adopted from European Foundation for Quality
Management
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How do we do this?

• People. Recruit good people and keep them good.
• Strategies. Know where to go and how to get
  there.
• Linkages. Know who to help and who to be helped
  by.
• Communication. Tell the story.

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What do we have?
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Algeria

• Space agency
• Earth Observation satellite in space
• Plan for additional satellites (comms EO)
• National Centre of Space Techniques
• Ground station

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Nigeria

• Space agency
• Space policy and council
• Earth Observation satellite in space
• Plan for additional satellites (comms EO)
• Centres
• Centre for Space Science and Technology
  Education, Ile-Ife
• Centre for Remote Sensing, Jos
• Centre for Satellite Technology Development ,
  Abuja
• Centre for Geodesy and Geodynamics, Toro
• Centre for Space Transport and Propulsion, Epe
• Centre for Basic Space Science and Astronomy,
  Nsukka
• Ground station

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South Africa (1)

• Programme of the apartheid government to
  establish military dominance
• Satellite programme at Houwteq (LEO reconnisance)
• Solid rocket programme at Somchem (Launch
  Vehicle)
• Launch facility/ test range (OTB near Arniston)
• Test range initiated 1981, flight tests 1987,
  three sub-orbital launches - programme was
  terminated in 1992
• Houwteq established in 1988 (partially completed
  satellite dismantled) residual capacity rented
  from DENEL by DoC
• Solid rocket capacity shut down and dismantled
  under missile treaty obligations to which SA
  acceded
• Test range now used (80 retention of
  capability) for military flight testing (operated
  by DENEL) satellite tracking rented by (DoC)

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South Africa (2)

• During the process to democracy and after
• Satellite programme shut down (some skills
  retained through UniStell)
• Increasing cross-over with astronomy
• Satellite application centre (SAC) at CSIR
  develops launch support and attracts new
  investments by Boeing and MacDonald
• SAC and ISSA (Houwteq) provide EO products and
  services to SA clients and stakeholders
• SunSpace spin-out from UniStell (wins Innovation
  Fund and international contracts)
• Space Council Established 1993
• Regulatory, monitoring and registration functions
• National Working Group established in 2003 to
  coordinate efforts
• 23 February 1999 SUNSAT launched as first SA
  designed and built micro satellite mainly
  university of Stellenbosch

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OTB SATELLITE GROUND STATION COMPLEX
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Satellite Applications Centre
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South Africa (3)

• 2003 National Space Working Group Established
• 2003 GEO process initiated post-WSSD
• EO and Space strategies under development
• SKA process and DSAN gain momentum
• December 2004 Lead Users Group initiated
• 2005 Space Agency mooted in Ministers budget
  speech

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South AfricaFuture Directions

• Create/strengthen Space Agency
• Develop space strategy
• Reviewing space policy
• Develop key technologies
• Launching pathfinder 1996
• Developing next generation
• Increase participation of downstream industry
• Integration with Astronomy to get scale and scope
• Fully integrate all EO (SAC, SAEON and ISSA)
• Develop industry participation - thru dti (e.g.
  aerospace) and DST (innovation programmes) in
  partnership
• Build a strong African partnership (ARM
  Constellation)
• Increase awareness

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Proposed Approach for Africa

• Linking
• Creating the necessary relationships with the
  regional/global stakeholders as a means to
  acquire the necessary technologies and skills
• Leveraging
• Move beyond the static client-contractor type
  relationship to a new paradigm in which the
  client is seen as a partner
• Learning
• Use these partnerships to improve the existing
  technologies whilst simultaneously mastering the
  production and process related technologies
  needed to build the new sustainable platforms

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Key HRD Interventions
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Africas Challenge

• CAN WE DELIVER?
• Does Africa have the financial resources, the
  know how and appropriately skilled human
  resources to develop new industries

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AFRICAS CHALLENGE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY FOCUS

• Human Resource Perspective
• Critical mass of scientific and technical
  capacity must be built up
• Innovation Perspective
• Development of new technologies
• Created Centres of Excellence dedicated to
  research on focal themes in Higher Education
• Facilitate linkages to tap into expertise vested
  abroad in order to accelerate building of local
  capacity
• Identifying and financing new technology and
  innovation missions
• Coordinating and integrating disparate
  innovation, incubation and diffusion activities
• Synergise innovation activities linked to
  universities and research organisations
• Strengthen initiatives for the commercialisation
  of intellectual property

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Thank You