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The Next Generation of Satellite Direct Readout
Capabilities Using NASAs Earth Observing System
and the NPOESS Preparatory Project
Dr. James C. Dodge NASA Headquarters Washington
DC 20546
Satellite Direct Readout Conference for the
Americas Miami, FL, Dec. 9-13, 2002
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2001/04/03 1625 South Florida and Cuba, True
Color
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MODIS Views over the Americas PatagonianAlps
Hurricane Kenna- Mexican Coast
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Real-Time Observations of Canadian Ice
Ice-Covered Hudson Bay
Labrador CurrentGoose Bay
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Real-Time Observations from MODIS

• Fires
• Coastal conditions
• Flooding
• Tropical cyclones
• Thunderstorms
• Ice conditions
• Snow cover
• Ocean gradients
• Dust
• Air pollution
• Vegetation

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Samples of MODIS Global Products
Cloud Optical Thickness
Vegetation Index
Sea Surface Temperature
Aerosol Optical Depth Ratio
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Dust and haze in East Asia - MODIS March 20, 2001
Color composite
VALIDATION B- Beijing - t0.48, dust K - Korea
- t0.85, pollution
B
CHINA
Dust Optical thickness - red Pollution opt. Thick
- green
K
Optical thickness
JAPAN
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Global Distribution of EOS Direct Broadcast Sites

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World View
Cyprus from Moscow
Mauna Loa
Dust clouds Korea
Italy-Greece from Matera
Cyclonic Circulation Beijing
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Regional View of the Alps from the DLR Site in
Oberfaffenhofen
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Korean Meteorological Administration Direct MODIS
Reception
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UW-Madison EOS Direct Broadcast Groundstation
TeraScan SX-EOS 4.4 m antenna First pass
acquired 2000/08/18
Overpass prediction 2000/10/13
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Full-Resolution RGB MODIS Images from GSFC
SiteFlorida Straits
Nova Scotia
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EOS Direct Broadcast Web Site
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Contents of EOS DB Internet Site

• System descriptions
• Interface manuals
• Users Guides
• Software Technical Notes
• Software access procedures
• Past meeting summaries
• Status reports
• Links to other DB sites
• RGB Images from MODIS DB

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http//directreadout.gsfc.nasa.gov/
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http//cimss.ssec.wisc.edu/gumley/IMAPP/IMAPP.htm
l
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Detail View of Mississippi River Delta
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MODIS Fire Detection Algorithm and Smoke Plumes
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Australian Real-Time Fire Detection System Using
MODIS
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MODIS Rapid Response System Viewof Russia
Flooding (6/11/02)
http//rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/
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U. Wisconsin MODIS Snow-Cover Algorithm
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New Products from MODIS Bands
MODIS Mapped On a DEM
Band 31 for Ocean Temp. Gradient Information
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250 meter resolution
MODIS Band 2 250 meter resolution UW-Madison
Direct Broadcast 2000/10/13 1559 UTC
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AQUB DB Adds AIRS/AMSU/HSB and AMSR_E
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New Sensor Data for AQUA DB

• AIR/AMSU/HSB will provide atmospheric temperature
  and moisture profiles and radiances.
• AMSR-E will provide 6 channels of microwave
  radiometry which can be interpreted over oceans
  as sea-surface temperature, wind speed, columnar
  water vapor, cloud water amounts, and
  precipitation for U.S. scientists.
• CERES data also is in the data stream, but there
  is little regional, real-time value, since it
  needs accurate global averages to interpret the
  atmospheric radiation budget.

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AMSR-E Sea Surface Temperatures from AQUA
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AMSR-E Atmospheric Water Vapor
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Regional Data Assimilation

• -GOES LST, Clouds
• -NEXRAD
• -Lightning

-TRMMPR/TMI -MODIS -AIRS -AMSU-E
-QUICKSCAT -GIFTS
Aimed at 0-12h forecast issues
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NPP Data Products
Sea Surface Temperature Vegetation Index Ocean
Color Imagery Atmos. Temp. Profile Atmos.
Moisture Profile Active Fires Aerosol Optical
Thickness Aerosol Particle Size Surface
Albedo Land Surface Temp. Ice Surface
Temp. Net Heat Flux Cloud Top Temp. Cloud Top
Pressure Cloud Top Height
Cloud Optical Depth/Transmit. Cloud Effective
Particle Size Cloud Cover/Layers Cloud Base
Height Soil Moisture Surface Pressure Sea Ice
Characterization Snow Cover Suspended
Matter Surface Type
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Mobile NPP In-Situ Test-bed Ground System
ESTO

• Provides a mobile interface to the NPP S/C for
  Direct Broadcast compatibility and validation of
  the RF system, protocol processing, instrument
  data processing and the Ground Network interface.
• Serves as a tool in gathering real-time
  instrument data in remote areas (at sea or land)
  for Instrument Calibration and Validation
  Campaigns.
• Serves as the NPP/GSFC Direct Broadcast
  technology test-bed and to provide demonstrations
  of these technologies to the user community and
  commercialization partners.
• Supports real-time management and monitoring of
  natural or man-made emergencies via built-in
  spaceborne and airborne data processing tools.

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NISGS Baseline Technologies
300Mbps
Front-End Sub-System
Direct Broadcast
Rate Buffer
STPS
Level-0
Digital Receiver
MMS
PC/Win
Functional Capabilities

• Multi-Mission reconfiguration of antenna
  tracking, RF hardware and ingest software
• Acquires POES EOS polar orbiting spacecraft
• COTS 2.7 meter program track system
• Ingests up to 25Mbps in software and up to 300
  Mbps in hardware - Both real-time
• Real-time packet processing (including RS PN
  decoding)
• COTS
• NASA provided (STPS)
• Simulcasting of instrument data
• Performs meta-data generation and reformatting
  for Level-1 processing (Level-0)

Software Government Provided
Commercial Hardware
Hardware Government Commercialized
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Real-time Internet Client Display - Simulcast
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Getting Data from Other Sites
Nepster A virtually connected network of data
archive systems providing access to direct
broadcast data to Internet users.
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Direct Readout Roadmap to NPP
POES/DMSP/SeaStar
Terra
Aqua
NPP
MODIS AIRS AMSU HSB
AVHRR SeaWiFS OLS
MODIS
VIIRS CrIS ATMS
S/C Instrument Evolution
Standardization Increasing RF, Modulation
Bandwidth Requirements

• X-band
• 15Mbps
• QPSK
• NRZM
• Viterbi
• Compression

• L,S-band
• .665 - 2Mbps
• Bi-Phase L

• X-band
• 13.1Mbps
• Viterbi
• OQPSK

• X-band
• 15Mbps
• OQPSK
• NRZM

• S/C specific STPS
• Level-0
• Return Link Processor
• Analog Configurable
• Receiver
• MODIS Level-1
• DAAC MODIS Simulcast

• Reconfigurable RT-STPS
• Return Link Processor
• Digital re-Configurable
• Receiver
• MODIS AIRS Level-1
• DAAC NEpster
• with L0 L1 data

• Reconfigurable RT-STPS
• Digital re-Configurable
• Receiver (PC-based)
• ALL Instru. Level-1 Software
• DAAC NEpster
• with L0, L1 EDRs
• Simulcast of all Instruments

• Custom Frame Formatters
• Ingest software
• Analog Custom Receivers
• NOAA Level1B (AVHRR)
• Limited Data Distribution
• mechanisms

Evolution of Concurrent Ground System Supporting
Technologies and Algorithm Development
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SeaSpace Web Page Real-time Image Retrieval
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