P1251328611XoByN - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
1 / 21
Title:
P1251328611XoByN
Description:
ATTEMPTS ARE MADE TO INFLUENCE PUBLIC OPINION BY WAY OF PROPAGANDA. PROPAGANDA REFERS TO INFORMATION PRESENTED WITH THE INTENTION OF SHAPING PUBLIC OPINION ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation
Number of Views:33
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Title: P1251328611XoByN
1
(No Transcript)
2
HOW THINGS ARE RELATED TO GROUPS
- SOCIAL MOVEMENTS
- ORGANIZED ACTIVITIES THAT ENCOURAGE OR DISCOURAGE
SOCIAL CHANGE - COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOR
- ACTIVITIES INVOLVING A LARGE NUMBER OF PEOPLE,
OFTEN SPONTANEOUS, AND TYPICALLY IN VIOLATION OF
ESTABLISHED SOCIAL NORMS
3
Nothing Comes Easy
COLLECTIVELY, WE CAN ACCOMPLISH MUCH MORE THAN AS
INDIVIDUALS
- BEHAVIOR IS WIDE-RANGING
- SO MANY VARIABLES TO TAKE INTO ACCOUNT
- BEHAVIOR IS COMPLEX
- THE POSSIBLE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS ARE SO
NUMEROUS - BEHAVIOR IS VERY TRANSITORY
- THINGS ARISE AND DISSIPATE QUICKLY
4
COLLECTIVESTHEY DIFFER FROM GROUPS
- COLLECTIVES ARE BASED ON LIMITED SOCIAL
INTERACTION - INTERACTION IN MOBS IS LIMITED AND TEMPORARY
- COLLECTIVES HAVE NO CLEAR SOCIAL BOUNDARIES
- LITTLE SENSE OF UNITY COMPARED TO SOCIAL GROUPS
WHOSE MEMBERS OFTEN SHARE A COMMON IDENTITY - COLLECTIVES ENGENDER WEAK AND UNCONVENTIONAL
NORMS - MOBS OFTEN DESTROY AND ACT SPONTANEOUSLY
5
CROWDSA TEMPORARY GATHERING OF PEOPLE WHO SHARE
A COMMON FOCUS OF ATTENTION AND WHOSE MEMBERS
INFLUENCE ONE ANOTHER
- A CASUAL CROWD PEOPLE ON A BEACH
- LOOSE COLLECTION OF PEOPLE WHO INTERACT VERY
LITTLE - A CONVENTIONAL CROWD A COLLEGE CLASSROOM
- RESULTS FROM DELIBERATE PLANNING NORMALLY
CONFORMING TO CULTURAL NORMS - AN EXPRESSIVE CROWD A CHURCH SERVICE
- AROUND AN EVENT WITH EMOTIONAL APPEAL
- AN ACTING CROWD PEOPLE FLEEING FROM A FIRE
- COLLECTIVITY FUELED BY AN INTENSE, SINGLE-MINDED
PURPOSE - A PROTEST CROWD A COLLEGE STUDENT SIT-IN
- PEOPLE ENGAGE IN A VARIETY OF ACTIONS, INCLUDING
STRIKES AND BOYCOTTS
6
- CONTAGION THEORY
- CROWDS EXERT HYPNOTIC INFLUENCE OVER THEIR
MEMBERS - PEOPLE SURRENDER TO A COLLECTIVE MIND
- AS THE CROWD ASSUMES A LIFE OF ITS OWN, ITS
MEMBERS RID THEMSELVES OF INHIBITIONS AND ACT OUT - IF FEAR AND HATE GROW AMONG THE MEMBERS, VIOLENCE
CAN BE THE OUTCOME
HIT BY THE CROWDS INFLUENCE
7
CONVERGENCE THEORY
MOTIVATIONS ARE BROUGHT TO THE CROWD BY
THE INDIVIDUAL MEMBERS, NOT VICE VERSA
- CROWDS AMOUNT TO A CONVERGENCE OF LIKE-MINDED
PEOPLE - THE CROWD DOESNT GENERATE THE ACTION, BUT RATHER
THE MEMBERS THEMSELVES STIMULATE THE ACTION OF
THE CROWD - EXAMPLE NEIGHBORHOOD GROUPS CONCERNED ABOUT
CRIME AND WANT TO DO SOMETHING ABOUT IT
8
- PEOPLE IN CROWDS HAVE MIXED INTERESTS
- IN LESS STABLE CROWDS (EXPRESSIVE, ACTING, AND
PROTEST), NORMS THAT GUIDE BEHAVIOR MAY SURFACE
IN PARTICULAR SETTINGS - ONE DOES SOMETHING AND OTHERS JUMP ON THE
BANDWAGON - PEOPLE IN CROWDS MAKE THEIR OWN RULES AS THEY GO
ALONG - A PERSONS DECIDES TO BREAK A STORE WINDOW AND
THEN OTHERS FOLLOW IN THE SAME BEHAVIOR
9
OTHER FORMS
- PARTICIPATION IN COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOR IS POSSIBLE
EVEN IF PEOPLE ARE APART - MASS BEHAVIOR IS THE TERM GIVEN TO THIS FORM OF
COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOR - TYPES INCLUDE
- RUMOR AND GOSSIP
- PUBLIC OPINION
- PROPAGANDA
- PANIC AND MASS HYSTERIA
- FADS AND FASHIONS
10
RUMORS AND RUMORS OF RUMORS
- RUMOR
- UNSUBSTANTIATED INFORMATION PEOPLE SPREAD
INFORMALLY, OFTEN BY WORD OF MOUTH - RUMOR THRIVES IN A CLIMATE OF AMBIGUITY
- RUMOR IS UNSTABLE
- RUMOR IS DIFFICULT TO STOP
- GOSSIP IS RUMOR ABOUT THE PERSONAL AFFAIRS OF
OTHERS - GOSSIP CONCERNS A SMALL CIRCLE OF PEOPLE
- RUMORS SPREAD WIDELY, BUT GOSSIP IS MORE
LOCALIZED - A BALANCE IS NECESSARY FOR THOSE WHO SPREAD IT
- HE OR SHE CAN BE VIEWED AS DISREPUTABLE, AND
UNBELIEVABLE
11
PUBLIC OPINIONWIDESPREAD ATTITUDES ABOUT
CONTROVERSIAL ISSUES
- UP TO 10 OF AMERICANS WILL REPORT THEY HOLD NO
OPINION ON IMPORTANT ISSUES - IS THIS DUE TO IGNORANCE OR INDIFFERENCE?
- PUBLIC OPINION WAXES AND WANES OVER TIME
- EXAMPLES
- THE WOMENS MOVEMENT
- AFFIRMATIVE ACTION SUPPORT
- ATTEMPTS ARE MADE TO INFLUENCE PUBLIC OPINION BY
WAY OF PROPAGANDA - PROPAGANDA REFERS TO INFORMATION PRESENTED WITH
THE INTENTION OF SHAPING PUBLIC OPINION
12
SAY WHAT!?!
- PANIC
- A FORM OF LOCALIZED COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOR BY WHICH
PEOPLE REACT TO A PERCEIVED THREAT OR OTHER
STIMULUS - OFTEN WITH IRRATIONAL, FRANTIC, AND OFTEN
SELF-DESTRUCTIVE BEHAVIOR - MASS HYSTERIA
- A FORM OF DISPERSED COLLECTIVE BEHAVIOR BY WHICH
PEOPLE RESPOND TO A REAL OR IMAGINED EVENT - OFTEN WITH IRRATIONAL, FRANTIC, AND OFTEN
SELF-DESTRUCTIVE BEHAVIOR
13
FASHIONS AND FADS
- FASHIONS
- A SOCIAL PATTERN FAVORED FOR A TIME BY A LARGE
NUMBER OF PEOPLE - FASHION CHARACTERIZES ALL FORMS OF ART
- FASHION IMPACTS PERSONAL APPEARANCE AND HELPS
MAKE AN IMPRESSION, SO IT NEEDS TO BE TAKEN INTO
ACCOUNT - FADS
- AN UNCONVENTIONAL SOCIAL PATTERN THAT PEOPLE
EMBRACE BRIEFLY BUT ENTHUSIASTICALLY - 1950 THE HULA HOOP
- 1960 BELL BOTTOM JEANS
- 1970 NUDE STREAKING
- 1980 PUNK MUSIC
- 1990 THE GRUNGE LOOK
LOTS OF PEOPLE ARE DOING THIS!
14
TYPES OF SOCIAL MOVEMENTS
- ALTERNATIVE
- LEAST THREATENING SINCE ONLY LIMITED CHANGE IS
SOUGHT FOR A LIMITED NUMBER OF MEMBERS - EXAMPLE PLANNED PARENTHOOD
- REDEMPTIVE
- INDUCTION OF FOCUSED, RADICAL CHANGE
- EXAMPLE SOME CHRISTIAN ORGANIZATIONS
- REFORMATIVE
- LIMITED SOCIAL CHANGE THAT TARGETS ALL MEMBERS OF
SOCIETY - EXAMPLE EQUAL RIGHTS AMENDMENT MOVEMENT
- REVOLUTIONARY
- THE MOST SEVERE AND FAR-REACHING CONSEQUENCES,
STRIVING FOR BASIC TRANSFORMATION OF SOCIETY - EXAMPLE ULTRA-CONSERVATIVE POLITICAL MOVEMENTS
15
THEORIES OF SOCIAL MOVEMENTS
- DEPRIVATION THEORY
- RESULT OF EXPERIENCING RELATIVE DEPRIVATION
- MASS-SOCIETY THEORY
- GIVE DISENFRANCHISED PEOPLE A GROUP WITH WHICH TO
FEEL A BELONGINGNESS - STRUCTURAL-STRAIN THEORY (SEE NEXT SLIDE)
- GROUP EFFORT TO CHANGE SOCIETY INTO A FORM THAT
IS IN KEEPING WITH GROUPS IDEAS AND GOALS - RESOURCE-MOBILIZATION THEORY
- ALL THE ABOVE, PLUS SOCIAL TIES TO THE GROUPS
MEMBERSHIP - NEW SOCIAL MOVEMENTS THEORY
- PEOPLE MOTIVATED BY ISSUES SURROUNDING QUALITY OF
LIFE RATHER THAN FOR ECONOMIC CONCERNS
16
FOCUS ON STRUCTURAL-STRAIN THEORY
- SIX FACTORS ENCOURAGING SOCIAL MOVEMENT
- STRUCTURAL CONDUCIVENESS
- ARISE OUT OF PERCEPTIONS OF PROBLEMS
- STRUCTURAL STRAIN
- EXPERIENCING RELATIVE DEPRIVATION
- GROWTH AND SPREAD OF AN EXPLANATION
- MAKING CLEAR REASONS AND SOLUTIONS FOR SUFFERING
- PRECIPITATING FACTORS
- SPECIFIC EVENTS GIVE RISE TO COLLECTION ACTION
- MOBILZATION FOR ACTION
- ACTION STAGE PROTEST AND RALLIES
- LACK OF SOCIAL CONTROL
- QUICK, HARSH RESPONSE, OR GIVING THE GREEN
LIGHT FOR CHANGE?
17
STAGES OF SOCIAL MOVEMENTS
- STAGE ONE EMERGENCE
- PERCEPTION THAT SOMETHING IS WRONG
- STAGE TWO COALESCENCE
- DEFINING ITSELF AND GOING PUBLIC
- STAGE THREE BUREAUCRATIZATION
- ORGANIZING RATIONALY TO GET JOB DONE
- STAGE FOUR DECLINE
- IS THE MOVEMENT IN NEED OF REGROUPING OR IS IT
SIMPLY TIME FOR ITS DEMISE? - REASONS
- SIGNALS SUCCESS HAS BEEN REACHED
- SIGNALS ORGANIZATIONAL PROBLEMS (LEADERSHIP,
ETC.) - LEADERSHIP SELLS OUT TO OTHER INTERESTS
- DEMISE MAY RESULT FROM STATE-SPONSORED REPRESSION
18
- MANY OF THE NATIONS SERIOUS SOCIAL WOES REMAIN
UNCHANGED - INCLUDING ISSUES SURROUNDING
- CRIME, SIZE OF GOVERNMENT, RACE ISSUES, POLITICAL
ISSUES, ISSUES SURROUNDING SEXUAL ORIENTATION,
FAMILY FARMING, AND SO ON - REASONS WHY SOCIAL MOVEMENTS WILL CONTINUE TO BE
PART OF THE AMERICAN SCENE - PROTEST WILL PROBABLY INCREASE AS MORE MARGINAL
GROUPS JOIN FORCES - TECHNOLOGY WILL SERVE ALL GROUPS
- GLOBALLY, PEOPLE ARE UNITING
THE FUTURE
19
(No Transcript)
20
(No Transcript)
21
(No Transcript)
Recommended
CrystalGraphics Presentations
