COMM95 Project Planning Unit 4 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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COMM95 Project Planning Unit 4
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COMM95 Project Planning Unit 4 – PowerPoint PPT presentation
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Title: COMM95 Project Planning Unit 4
1
COMM95 Project PlanningUnit 4
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Project Planning
- Introduction
- Why plan?
- To eliminate or reduce uncertainty
- To improve efficiency of the operation
- To obtain a better understanding of the
objectives - To provide a basis for monitoring and controlling
work
3
The consequences of poor planning(in the order
they happen)
- premature project initiation
- wild enthusiasm
- disillusionment
- chaos
- search for the guilty
- punishment of the innocent
- promotion of the non-participants
- definition of the requirement
4
Planning components
- Objectives
- a goal, target or quota to be achieved
- Programme
- strategy and major action to achieve objectives
- Schedule
- a plan to show when milestones will be reached
- Budget
- planned expenditure for the project
5
Planning components
- Forecast
- a projection of what will/may happen when
- Organisation
- the projects management and personnel structure
- Policy
- a general guide to decision making and individual
actions
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Planning components
- Procedures
- a detailed method for carrying out policy
- Standards
- a level performance defined as adequate and/or
acceptable
7
Planning Frameworks
- There are many planning and project frameworks
- Two examples are
- Step Wise
- A planning framework
- Does not cover monitoring and control
- Prince 2
- A project framework
- Step Wise is compatible with the planning section
of Prince 2
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Step Wise
- Step Wise has 10 defined steps .
- Step 0 Select project
- called step 0 because it is outside main project
planning process - Step 1 Identify project scope and objectives
- Step 2 Identify project infrastructure
- Step 3 Analyse project characteristics
- Step 4 Identify project products and activities
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Step Wise
- Step 5 Estimate effort for each activity
- Step 6 Identify activity risk
- Step 7 Allocate resources
- Step 8 Review / publicise plan
- Step 9 Execute plan
- Step 10 Lower levels of planning
- Within each step are various sub-sections
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Step Wise
- Step 1 Identify project scope and objectives
- Identify objectives and measures of effectiveness
in meeting them - Establish a project authority
- Identify all stakeholders in the project and
their interests - Modify objectives in the light of stakeholder
analysis - Establish methods of communication with all
parties
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Step Wise
- Step 2 Identify project infrastructure
- Establish relationships between project and
strategic planning - Identify installation standards and procedures
- Identify project team organisation
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Step Wise
- Step 3 Analyse project characteristics
- Distinguish the project as either objective or
product driven - Analyse other project characteristic's
- Identify high level project risk
- Take into account user requirements concerning
implementation - Select general life-cycle approach
- Review overall resource estimates
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Step Wise
- Step 4 Identify project products and activities
- Identify and describe project products (or
deliverables) - Document generic product flows
- Recognise product instances
- Produce ideal activity network
- Modify ideal to take into account need for stages
and checkpoints
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Step Wise
- Step 5 Estimate effort for each activity
- Carry out bottom-up estimates
- Revise plans to create controllable activities
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Step Wise
- Step 6 Identify activity risk
- Identify and quantify activity-based risks
- Plan risk reduction and contingency measures
where appropriate - Adjust plans and estimates to take account of
risk
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Step Wise
- Step 7 Allocate resources
- Identify and allocate all resources
- Revise plans and estimates to account for
resource constraints
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Step Wise
- Step 8 Review/publicise plan
- Review quality aspects of project plan
- Document plans and obtain agreement
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Step Wise
- Step 9 Execute plan
- Step 10 Lower levels of planning
- There are no sub-sections for steps 9 10
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PRINCE 2
- PRINCE is an acronym for
- Projects IN Controlled Environments
- PRINCE was conceived and developed by the Central
Computer and Telecommunication Agency (CCTA) - A UK government department
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PRINCE 2
- PRINCE 2 defines three key elements they are
- Processes
- Components
- Techniques
- Each element has several fundamental constituents
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PRINCE 2
- Processes
- Starting Up A Project (SU)
- Initiating A Project (IP)
- Directing A Project (DP)
- Managing Stage Boundaries (SB)
- Controlling A Stage (CS)
- Managing Product Delivery (MP)
- Closing A Project (CP)
- Planning (PL) (also a Component and Technique)
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PRINCE 2
- Components
- Business Case
- Organisation
- Planning (also a Process and Technique)
- Controls
- Management of Risk
- Quality In A Project Environment
- Configuration Management
- Change Control
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PRINCE 2
- Techniques
- Product-Based Planning
- (planning is also a Process and Technique)
- Change Controls
- Quality Reviews
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PRINCE 2
- Example of actions within a process
- Controlling A Stage process actions
- Authorise work packages
- Assess progress
- Capture project issues
- Examine project issues
- Review stage status
- Report highlights
- Take corrective action
- Escalate project issues
- Receive completed work packages
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PRINCE 2
- Actions within the Planning process
- PL 1 Design a Plan
- PL 2 Define and analyse
- PL 3 Identify activities and their
dependencies - PL 4 Estimate effort for each activity
- PL 5 Schedule
- PL 6 Analyse risk
- PL 7 Complete plan
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PRINCE 2
- PRINCE2 can be a very powerful tool is used
wisely - It is not a panacea to all project problems
- But, it provides a good structure on which to
base the management of a project - PRINCE2 can become very prescriptive if you let
it .. dont fall into this trap! - Overall PRINCE2 is a good framework to use
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Conclusion
- Planning is important
- Planning Frameworks
- Project Frameworks
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