The Cold War

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The Cold War
How did we go from friends for life to enemies?
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What Went Wrong?

• Cold War - Lasted from 1945 through the early
  1990s
• WWII Turned the U.S. USSR into Superpowers
• Leaders influencers of international affairs.
• U.S. USSR had very different world views.
• Democratic Capitalist vs. Totalitarian
  Communist

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What was the Cold War?

• Era of high tension between two ideologically
  opposed sides led by the USA and USSR
• USAs buddies NATO Alliance
• USSRs buddies Warsaw Pact

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NATO Warsaw Pact
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How Was the Cold War Fought?

• Arms Race ? MAD (Mutually Assured Destruction)
  theory huge nuclear weapon build-up
• Ideological Conflict (competition to spread their
  beliefs to decolonized new nations
• Proxy Wars
• USA Soviets support opposing sides of wars
  across the decolonizing 3rd World

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The Iron Curtain

• U.S.S.R. wanted a buffer to protect it against
  further German invasion
• USA Britain wanted free elections
• Instead, Stalin made sure all of Eastern Europe
  was in its sphere of influence, with friendly
  commie govts
• Churchill calls this division into Communist East
  Europe Democratic West Europe the Iron
  Curtain

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I. Germany After the War

• Germany divided in two, East and West Germany ?
  East was communist, West was a democracy
• City of Berlin divided into four sections, (run
  by Britain, USA, France, USSR)

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II. Occupied Japan

• Japan occupied by USA from 1945-1952
• Kept the emperor (but no power)
• Democracy installed beginning of economic power

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III. United Nations

• UN is created
• More muscle than League of Nations
• Main Goal mediate and intervene in international
  disputes.
• Monitors human rights social problems.

started with 51 countries, now has 190!!
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III. United Nations (cont.)

• Structure Includes
• General Assembly of all nations
• Security Council of 5 permanent members (US,
  USSR, Great Britain, France, China) and 10
  rotating members

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UN General Assembly Room
Snazzy Retro Interior!!