Ordnance%20Survey%20Maps

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Ordnance Survey Maps

• Can anyone remember what OS maps are?

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Keywords

1. Scale
2. Grid Reference
3. Slope
4. Legend/ key
5. Settlement

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Ordnance Survey Maps

• We will learn how to
• Use scale.
• Measure straight and curved lines.
• Write grid references.
• Tell direction.
• Read height and slope on a map.
• Draw a sketch map.
• Calculate area.
• Use a legend/key.
• Learn about settlement.

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What does an os map look like?
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Why is an OS map so small?

• Remember that a map is a picture of a much larger
  area of land. In order to be useful, a map must
  be small enough to fit into someones hands.
• A full-size map of the Earth would be too large
  to make.
• Maps are scaled down so that they fit on the
  available paper or screen.

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Scale

• Scale is the relationship between a distance
• on a map and the distance on the ground.
• Scale on OS map 150,000
• 1cm on the map 50,000cm (500m) on the
• ground (in real life!)
• Class Activity
• What would 1km on the ground be in cm on the map?
• Look at the examples of an OS map. Find the
  scale. Make 3 observations about the scale.

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Direction

• North South East and West Easy!!
• Can you remember all the other directions??

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Measuring Distances on maps

1. Measuring straight line distances (as the crow
   flies).
2. Measuring curved line distances e.g. roads,
   railways and rivers.

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Straight Line Distances

• What you need piece of paper folded over.
• pencil
• scale ( on the OS
  map!!)
• Fold over a piece of paper.
• Put the edge of the paper at the start point and
  place the other edge at the other point. Mark the
  paper at both edges.
• Using the scale measure the difference between
  the two marks.
• Remember use km!

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Activity

• Using the OS maps pick any two points and
• measure the distance!
• Help each other!

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Curved Line Distances

• Lay a piece of folded over paper at the starting
  point and mark with a pencil.
• Keep moving the paper around the curved line..
  Every time the road curves move the paper.
• Mark the end point on your paper and use the
  scale to measure the distance of the line.

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Activity

• Using the OS map measure the following curved
  line distances!

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Todays Class

• Grid References

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Grid References
What do you remember about grid references from
last year?
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Remember L.E.N

Q
R

• L Letter
• E Easting
• N - Northing

No R T H I N G
Easting
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Grid References

• Four figure grid references for a single square
  on the map. S40 52
• Six figure grid references for an exact
  location of small features. S401 528
• Can anyone remember what you have to do to get
• a 6 figure grid reference?

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6 Figure Grid Reference

• Use LEN but. To get 6 figures you need to divide
  the boxes into 10
• lines.
• Class Activity Ballina OS map pg 172.
• 4 figure grid reference
• Cloonah Lough.
• Carvan and camping park.
• 6 figure grid reference
• Tourist information site
• Moated site
• Standing stone
• Hospital.

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Todays Class

• Measuring area

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Calculating Area

• From your maths course what is area?
• To calcluate the area of a rectangular area
• Count the number of squares across
• Count the number of squares up
• Multiply the two numbers and make sure to use km
  squared.

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Calculating Area

• To calculate area of an irregularly shaped area
  e.g. sea
• Tick all the squares that are fully covered with
  the sea.
• Tick any boxes that are more than half covered
  with the sea
• Add the two numbers together.
• Make sure to use km2

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Activity

• Calculate the area of the Ballina map on page
  172.
• Calculate the area of the Cork map on pg 176.
• Calculate the area of Lough Mahon on pg 176.

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Todays Class

• Symbols and the legend
• Height on OS maps
• Slope
• Sketch maps

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Symbols

• The best thing about the symbols on an OS map is
  that you dont have to learn them off by heart!!
• They are all on the legend/key at the back of the
  map.
• Lets look at the map of Cork.. Can you
• guess what the symbols are without looking
• at the legend.

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Height on OS maps

• 4 ways to show height
• Triangle with a number next to it.
• Spot Height - .567
• Contour lines line joining places of equal
  height. Close contours steep slope.
• Colour layers green low ground
• brown high
  ground.

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Slope

• Contour lines show what type of slope is
• present. There are 4 types
• Even
• Concave
• Convex slope
• Compound slope.

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Activity

• Draw the table into your copies. Use the full A4
  page.
• Use colour to help you remember which ones are
  which.
• Activity 2 What slope am I?
• Test each other.

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Drawing a sketch map

• In groups try to remember how we drew sketch maps
  last year.

Remember we did this last year!
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Todays Class

• Settlement Rural Urban

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Settlement

• What do you think settlement means?
• Hint

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Settlement Place where people live!

• Keywords
• Ancient settlement
• Rural Settlement
• Urban Settlement

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Density of settlement

• The number of houses per square kilometre (km²)
• Houses on OS maps are shown as black dots
• City High density
• Countryside Low density

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RURAL SETTLEMENT

• Some factors attract people to settle in a
  particular area, whereas some factors stop people
  from settling in an area.
• Can you think of any?
• AltitudePeople want to live in lowland areas.
• ShelterThe foot of hills and mountains or valley
  floors provide shelter from the elements.

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• Aspect South facing to get the most sunshine
• Drainagepeople settle in well drained land
• Slope Settlement tends to avoid steep sloping
  areas because it is difficult to farm and
  construct roads. Also lowland areas have better
  soil for farming !

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Settlement patterns

• Linear or Ribbon
• Clustered or Nucleated
• Dispersed or Scattered

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Activity

• Using the OS maps find the different patterns of
  rural settlement.

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Urban Settlement Where do towns develop?

• On flat or gently sloping lowlands
• Transport construction is easier, Building is
  easier and land is better (Agriculture)
• Where roads or other transport routes meet
  (Nodal/Focus Point)
• At such places, people meet, trade develops and
  settlement grows
• At Bridging points of rivers
• Where bridges exist, roads usually meet and towns
  develop
• Rivers were very important (Water supply, food,
  Transport and Defence)

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• At coastal locations
• Many towns developed as trading or fishing ports
• Historical Influences
• Many towns developed as a result of Castles,
  Monasteries etc. (Protection)

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Urban Functions

• Towns have many functions or uses. Towns often
  have many functions. Can you think of them?

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Urban Functions

• Look at the functions on page 143.
• Read as a group.
• Activity Make a list of the functions in
• Carrick on Suir.

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End of Chapter!

• But dont worry we will
• be seeing much more
• of OS maps for the rest
• of the year!!!