NRS 453: Controlled Substances

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NRS 453 Controlled Substances

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Controlled Substances

• A drug or substance or immediate precursor listed
  in schedules I through V, inclusive.

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Drug Defined

• Substances intended for use in the diagnosis,
  cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of
  disease in man or animals.
• Other than food.

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Schedule I

• ___________________________
• ___________________________

High Potential for Abuse
No Recognized Medical Benefit
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Schedule II

• ______________________________
• ______________________________
• __________________________________________________
  __________

High Potential for Abuse
Accepted as Having Medical Benefits
Abuse may lead to a severe psychological or
physical dependence
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Schedule III through V

• _______________________
• _______________________________
• __________________________________________________
  ___________________________________________

Lesser potential for abuse
Accepted as having medical benefits
Abuse may lead to moderate to low physical
dependence or high psychological dependence
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Most Schedule II V substances are evaluated on
the following factors

• On-set the amount of time it takes to feel the
  effect.
• Duration how long the feeling lasts
• Severity the intensity, initial rush, and
  sustained level of euphoria.
• May also include the impact the substance has on
  vital functions heart rate, respiration,
  judgment, etc.
• Potential for dependence.

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Dependence can be either

• Psychological __________________________________
  __
• Or
• Physiological __________________________________
  __

An overwhelming craving to re-experience
A dependence created by the body
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PDRPhysicians Desk Reference

• - The easiest way to identify a legally
  manufactured controlled substance.

__________________________________________________
______________
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NRS 453 Interpreted

• The law is applied and construed as to
  effectuate general purpose and to make uniform
  the law with respect to the subject of such
  sections among those states which enact it.

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Narcotic Drug Defined

• Opium
• Opium Poppy
• Synthetic Opiate
• Poppy straw
• Coca leaves
• Cocaine

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Drug Classifications

• Stimulants (Amphetamines, Methamphetamine,
  Ecstasy, Cocaine) accelerate the central nervous
  system.
• Depressants Barbiturates, Valium, Quaalude
• Hallucinogens PCP, LSD, Mushrooms, Mescaline
• Inhalants Paint Thinner, Glue, Butyl Nitrate.

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Marijuana is a green, brown, or gray mixture of
dried, shredded leaves, stems, seeds, and flowers
of the hemp plant.

• Known as pot, herb, grass, weed, Mary Jane,
  gangster, reefer, blunt, chronic, and some 200
  other names.
• The most popular and widespread controlled
  substance in the world.
• First officially recorded use was in China in
  2737 BC.
• Its primary psychoactive ingredient is THC
  (Tetrahydrocannibinol delta nine).

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Marijuana defined

• All parts of any plant of the genus Cannabis,
  whether growing or not
• The seeds thereof
• The resin extracted from any part and
• Every compound, manufacture, salt, derivative,
  mixture, or preparation of the plant, its seeds,
  or resin.

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Short Term Effects the effects of Marijuana
are influenced by users expectations and past
experiences.

• Low Dosage
• Euphoria
• Heightened sensory experiences
• Hallucinations
• Fantasies
• Paranoia
• Laid-back attitude

• Moderate Dosage
• Dryness of the mouth
• Red eyes
• Impaired motor skills
• Memory loss
• Attention lapses
• Munchies
• Feelings of depersonalization

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Long Term Effects

• Decrease in testosterone
• Decreased sperm count
• Abnormal sperm
• Impaired fetal growth and development
• Physical dependency leads to subsequent use of
  cocaine and heroine

• Bronchitis
• emphysema
• bronchial asthma
• sore throats
• Coughs
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• Increased heart rate
• Increased risk to lungs
• Short term memory loss
• Glaucoma
• Suppressed immune system

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Marijuana

• Mexican low-grade
• Pound 300-340
• Ounce 75-100
• Gram 5-10
• Domestic mid-grade
• Pound 750
• Ounce 150-200
• Gram 25

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Mexican Black Tar Heroin

• Purity 20-25
• Wholesale- Kilo 20,000
• Mexican Ounce (25 Grams) 400-700
• Retail - Gram 90-100
• 1/10th gram 10

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• Mexican Brown Heroin
• Wholesale- Kilo 25,000
• Southeast Asian Heroin
• Wholesale- 700-750 Gram 70,000-80,000
• 300-350 Gram 35,000-40,000
• Colombian Heroin
• Purity 94
• Wholesale- Kilo 86,000-100,000

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NRS 453.336 Penalties A person who violates
this section shall be punished

• For a third or subsequent offense, for a
  category D felony (not less than 1 year and a
  maximum term of not more than 4 years, and a fine
  of not more than 5,000), and may be further
  punished by a fine of not more than 20,000.

•      For the first or second offense, for a
  category E felony (imprisonment in the state
  prison for a minimum term of not less than 1 year
  and a maximum term of not more than 4 years).
•      

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Opiates

• Heroin
• Morphine
• Codeine
• Hydromorhpone (Dilaudid)
• Oxycodone (Percodan)
• Meperidine (Demerol)

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Cocaine

• Purity 73-76
• Wholesale Multi-Kilos 14,000-17,000
• Ounce 500-600
• Retail Gram 80

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Cocaines Effects on the Brain

• It tricks the brain into thinking it has received
  something good by interfering with dopamine
  pathways.
• It inhibits the brains ability to feel normal
  without cocaine.

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Cocaines Effects on the Body

• Snorting destroys the nasal passages.
• Blood pressure, heart and breathing rate, and
  body temperature all increase.
• Dizziness, cramps, infection from reduced blood
  supply to the intestines.

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Cocaines Effects on the Body

• Liver damage.
• Coughing and shortness of breath.
• Psychosis.
• Strokes, brain seizures, respiratory failure,
  heart attack, convulsions, and death.

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Methamphetamine / Amphetamine

• Purity 30-35
• Wholesale Pound 5,000-6,500
• Ounce 300

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ICE

• Wholesale Pound 8,000-11,000
• Ounce 600-800
• Retail 1/8th Ounce 100-125
• 1/16th Ounce 60-70
• 1/32nd Ounce 40-50
• 1/4th Gram 20

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PCP

• Wholesale-
• Gallon 15,000-20,000
• Ounce 300-350
• Retail - Sherm cigarette 10-20

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LSD

• Wholesale - 100 dose sheet 150-200
• Retail- per dose 5-10

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GHB

• Wholesale
• Gallon 275-350
• Liter 80-100
• 16oz bottle 120
• Retail Bottle capful
• 5-20

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Ecstasy (MDMA)

• Retail- single quantities per pill 10-15
• Boat 1,000 pills per boat 6,000

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GBL

• Wholesale- liter 600

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What percentage of people have used the following
drugs?
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Cocaine Lifetime Lifetime Past Year Past Year Past Month Past Month
  2002 2003 2002 2003 2002 2003
12-17   2.7   2.6 2.1 1.8 0.6 0.6
18-25 15.4 15.0 6.7 6.6 2.0 2.2
26 and older 15.9 16.3 1.8 1.9 0.7 0.8
12 and older 14.4 14.7 2.5 2.5 0.9 1.0
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Crack Lifetime Lifetime Past Year Past Year Past Month Past Month
  2002 2003 2002 2003 2002 2003
12-17 0.7  0.6 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.1
18-25 3.8 3.8 0.9 0.9 0.2 0.2
26 and older 3.9 3.6 0.7 0.6 0.3 0.3
12 and older 3.6 3.3 0.7 0.6 0.2 0.3
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Methamphetamine Lifetime Lifetime Past Year Past Year Past Month Past Month
  2002 2003 2002 2003 2002 2003
12-17 1.5 1.3 0.9 0.7 0.3 0.3
18-25 5.7 5.2 1.7 1.6 0.5 0.6
26 and older 5.7 5.7 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2
12 and older 5.3 5.2 0.7 0.6 0.3 0.3
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Marijuana Lifetime Lifetime Past Year Past Year Past Month Past Month
  2002 2003 2002 2003 2002 2003
12-17 20.6 19.6 15.8 15.0 8.2 7.9
18-25 53.8 53.9 29.8 28.5 17.3 17.0
26 and older 40.8 41.2    7.0   6.9   4.0   4.0
12 and older 40.4 40.6 11.0 10.6 6.2 6.2
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Heroin Lifetime Lifetime Past Year Past Year Past Month Past Month
  2002 2003 2002 2003 2002 2003
12-17 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1
18-25 1.6 1.6 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.1
26 and older 1.7 1.7 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0
12 and older 1.6 1.6 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1
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MDMA Lifetime Lifetime Past Year Past Year Past Month Past Month
  2002 2003 2002 2003 2002 2003
12-17 3.3 2.4 2.2 1.3 0.5 0.4
18-25 15.1 14.8 5.8 3.7 1.1 0.7
26 and older 2.6 3.1 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.1
12 and older 4.3 4.6 1.3 0.9 0.3 0.2
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LSD Lifetime Lifetime Past Year Past Year Past Month Past Month
  2002 2003 2002 2003 2002 2003
12-17 2.7 1.6 1.3 0.6 0.2 0.2
18-25 15.9 14.0 1.8 1.1 0.1 0.2
26 and older 10.5 10.8 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0
12 and older 10.4 10.3 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.1
PCP Lifetime Lifetime Past Year Past Year Past Month Past Month
  2002 2003 2002 2003 2002 2003
12-17 0.9 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.1
18-25 2.7 3.0 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.1
26 and older 3.5 3.3 0.0 0.0 0.0   
12 and older 3.2 3.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0
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Questions?