Annual Infection Control Training

1
Annual Infection Control Training

• Hospice of the Bluegrass

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Objectives

• At the end of this program the learner will be
  able to
• Define what an MDRO is and explain how to prevent
  their spread
• Describe proper cleaning and disinfecting
  procedures
• Identify a blood borne pathogen and what to do in
  case of an exposure
• Explain the process for disposal of biohazardous
  waste and sharps

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What is Infection Prevention?

• Infection prevention describes ways we can
  prevent the spread of infection.

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Why is infection prevention important to HOB?

• Infections can cause pain, suffering and even
  death for our patients. They cause extra days in
  the hospital and lead to higher costs for
  patients and their families.

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What is an MDRO?

• An MDRO (Multi Drug Resistant Organism) is a
  strain of bacteria that is resistant to common
  antibiotics (1 or more classes) used to treat
  infections.
• Infections can vary, depending on the organism.
• MDROs can cause skin infections (boils,
  abscesses), urinary tract infections, blood
  stream infections, and pneumonia, and they can
  infect wounds, the respiratory tract and surgical
  sites.

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Who can get an MDRO?

• Anyone is susceptible to contracting an MDRO.
  Patients
• are more likely to get an MDRO infection if they
  have
• Received multiple antibiotics or treatments with
  antibiotics
• Transferred from another health care
  facility/agency or unit with a high
  colonization/infection rate
• Prolonged hospital stays
• Frequent hospital admissions
• Critically ill and in an ICU-type unit
• Immunocompromised

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How are they spread?

• They can be spread by
• Person to person via skin-to-skin contact with
  someone diagnosed with an MDRO
• Sharing a personal care item
• The environment contaminated with an MDRO
• (MDROs can live in the environment anywhere
  from 24 hours to a week, depending on the
  organism)

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Colonization vs. Infection

• Colonization means that the organism is present
  in or on the body but is not causing illness. An
  employee who has been colonized can become a
  carrier and spread infection to other health care
  workers and patients.
• Infection means that the organism is present and
  is causing illness.

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Cleaning and Disinfecting

• When items such as bedside tables and bed rails
  are touched with dirty hands, it is very easy to
  spread germs to patients and employees if they
  are not cleaned properly
• Medical equipment and environmental surfaces
  should be cleaned with a disinfectant such as a
  Super Sani-cloth
• HOB provides Super Sani-cloths to all staff
  members in the home care setting as well as the
  inpatient facilities

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Contaminated Equipment

• Reusable equipment should be used with only one
  patient and cleaned after each patient use
• Wipe off reusable equipment such as BP cuffs,
  stethoscope, scales, etc., with Super Sani-cloth
  and allow to dry before reuse. (You must follow
  the contact time printed on each chemical in
  order to disinfect properly).
• Cleaning reusable equipment, such as IV pumps,
  tube feeding pumps and oxygen equipment, should
  be done according to manufacturer or DME
  guidelines. This equipment is typically cleaned
  by the DME staff or the CNAs cleaning the Oxygen
  Concentrators.

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Laptops

• KEYBOARDS should be cleaned daily or when visibly
  soiled using a Super Sani-cloth
• SCREENS should be wiped with a dry microfiber
  cloth

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Cross Contamination

• Wiping surfaces with dirty cloths can contaminate
  hands, equipment, and other surfaces and can
  easily spread germs.

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Tuberculosis Control Plan

• Where can I find the plan?
• On the hospice intranet hospice documents/
  manuals/ clinical policy and procedure
  manual/surveillance prevention and control of
  infections

14
Tuberculin Skin Testing/Screening

• When Every January for all clinical staff and
  volunteers that see patients
• Why To comply with requirements while working
  with our patients in hospitals and long term care
  facilities

15
Bloodborne Pathogens

• Bloodborne pathogens are infectious materials in
  the blood or other body fluids that can cause
  disease in humans

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Bloodborne Pathogen Exposures Include Exposures
to

• Blood or Serum
• Visibly Bloody Urine
• Frank bloody drainage
• Bloody Tissue
• Semen/Vaginal Fluids

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Bloodborne Pathogens Exposure

• What is an exposure?
• Needlesticks or cuts from sharp instruments
  contaminated with blood
• Contact of the eye, nose mouth, or non-intact
  skin with blood or bloody fluids
• Human bite with exposure to patients blood,
  i.e., broken skin and bleeding gums/lips

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What to do if youhave a blood exposure?

• Immediately cleanse the area thoroughly with soap
  and water, flush mucous membranes and/or eyes
  with clean water (eye wash stations are available
  for the inpatient units)
• Report the incident immediately to your
  supervisor
• Your supervisor will ask you to go to the local
  HOB healthcare provider for evaluation
• and screening they will follow our
• protocol

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Blood Exposures

• Give the name of the patient (if known) to your
  supervisor so the patients blood can be tested
• Your supervisor may have you draw the patients
  blood for testing before you leave the home
• You or your supervisor will need to contact the
  patients attending MD or an HOB Physician for
  lab orders
• Your supervisor will initiate with you an
  Employee Accident/ Occurrence Report Form and
  Analysis Form.

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Blood Exposures

• Your supervisor will notify HR and the Employee
  Health Coordinator who will give you a report of
  testing results for both you and the patient (if
  tested). If follow-up testing is required, you
  will be notified at this time.
• All results are considered confidential and are
  filed separately in HR.

21
Personal Protective Equipment

• Gowns when splashes to the skin or clothing are
  likely.
• Masks/ Protective Eye Wear - required when
  contamination to mucous membranes, eyes or mouth
  may occur
• CPR Equipment/micro-shields - provided in case
  there is a need to do CPR

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Bio-hazardous Materials

• Lab Specimens - should be transported in zip lock
  bags or bags provided by the lab for specimens
  and should be temperature controlled in a soft or
  hard shell cooler designate only for transport of
  lab specimens
• Labels - biohazard labels should appear on
  hazardous material
• Body Fluids - blood and body fluids should be
  mopped up or wiped up using disposable gloves
• A solution of diluted bleach should be used of
  1100

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Waste Disposal

• Flushable Waste - Blood and Body wastes should be
  flushed down the toilet
• Non-flushable waste in the home should be placed
  in a leak proof plastic bag which is tied
  securely at the neck. The trash should then be
  placed with the home trash receptacle. Do not
  leave it on the floor of the patients home. Be
  sure it fits in a trash receptacle.
• Red biohazard bags are provided for the inpatient
  units only.

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Syringe/Sharp Disposal

• Sharps are instrument capable of producing injury
  including contaminated needles, syringes,
  scalpels, and disposable sharp instruments.
• Sharps containers are available to staff for
  these items listed above.
• Sharps containers should rarely be left in the
  home setting. If a container is left in the home
  for the hospice staff to use it MUST be removed
  from the home by the hospice staff at discharge
  or at the time of death. It should be brought
  back to the hospice office for disposal.

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Syringe/Sharp Disposal

• If a patient is using syringes for a medication
  such as insulin, they can use a container such as
  a bleach bottle or coffee can for the syringe.
  They can tape the bottle close and dispose in
  their home trash.
• Never re-cap a syringe
• Each syringe will be used on only one patient