AUTO CAD

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AUTO CAD

• Fakultas Teknik Prodi Teknik Sipil
• UNIVERSITAS NAROTAMA SURABAYA

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TUJUAN

• MATA KULIAH INI MEMBERIKAN GAMBARAN BAGAIMANA
  MEMBUAT GAMBAR PERENCANAAN DAN PELAKSANAAN
• UNTUK MENGETAHUI BAGAIMANA METODE DALAM
  PENGGAMBARAN
• UNTUK MENGANALISA GAMBAR

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SASARAN

• MAHASISWA MENGERTI AKAN PEMBUATAN GAMBAR
  PERENCANAAN MAUPUN PELAKSANAAN
• MAHASISWA MENGERTI DAN MEMAHAMI MEMBACA GAMBAR
  AUTO CAD
• MAHASISWA MENGERTI AKAN METODE DALAM MENG GAMBAR
  DENGAN AUTOCAD
• MAHASISWA MENGERTI DALAM MENGANALISA SUATU GAMBAR
  PERENCANAAN DAN PELAKSANAAN

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DAFTAR PUSTAKA

• Soewardji Tandio Soegono, ILMU BAHAN BANGUNAN
  Penerbit Tiga Solo
• Goodban Hayslett, GAMBAR DAN PERENCANAAN
  ARSITEKTUR
• Panduan gambar Dinas Pekerjaan Umum

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DASAR PENILAIAN

• TUGAS --------------------------------50
• UJIAN----------------------------------25
• PRAKTIKUM--------------------------25
• TOTAL --------------------------------100

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MATERI AUTOCAD

1. INTRODUCTION
2. PENGENALAN GAMBAR
3. GAMBAR
4. EDITING
5. PLOTING
6. REVIEWING

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Pengenalan Program Auto Computer Aided Design
1. APA ITU AUTO CAD..............................
.................................................
2. UNTUK APA PROGRAM AUTO CAD...................
.................................. 3. UNTUK
SIAPA PROGRAM AUTO CAD............................
..................... 4. BAGAIMANA CARA KERJA
PROGRAM AUTO CAD .......................... 5.
PENDUKUNG PROGRAM AUTO CAD........................
..........................
Pengenalan System CAD
1. SYSTEM PADA AUTO CAD 2. PEMAHAMAN POLA SYSTEM
AUTO CAD 3. PENGENALAN PERINTAH PERINTAH DASAR
PADA AUTO CAD
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POLA PIKIR KERJA AUTO COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN
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KONSEP PEMAHAMAN DALAM MENGGAMBAR AUTOCAD
Teknik Metode
TEKNIK GAMBAR

• Output
• Gambar Perencanaan

TEKNIK BAHAN BANGUNAN

• Output
• Gambar Pelaksaan

TEKNIK PELAKSANAAN

• Output
• Pencetakaan gambar

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AutoCAD

• AutoCAD merupakan salah satu produk Computer
  Aided Design (CAD) yang paling banyak digunakan.
• CAD adalah alat bantu merancang menggunakan
  komputer dengan tujuan untuk menghasilkan output
  rancangan yang memiliki tingkat akurasi tinggi
  dan dirancang dalam waktu singkat.

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AutoCAD

• Keunggulan CAD dibandingkan penggambaran secara
  manual adalah
• Meningkatkan waktu rancang produk yang sangat
  signifikan.
• Hasil output yang presisi dengan tingkat akurasi
  yang sangat tinggi.
• Mudah dilakukan perbaikan apabila ditemukan
  kesalahan karena data gambar masih disimpan di
  dalam komputer.
• Karakteristik para dafter dapat ditekan seminim
  mungkin.
• Dapat menggunakan data gambar terdahulu yang
  memiliki karakteristik yang hampir sama.
• Mampu mengerjakan suatu rancangan secara
  bersama-sama walaupun terpisah jarak secara fisik.

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Memulai AutoCAD
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Elemen-elemen AutoCAD
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Cara Menggunakan AutoCAD

• Menggunakan perintah ketik
• Menggunakan toolbar
• Menggunakan menu bar

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Menggunakan Pengetikan Perintah
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Menggunakan Toolbar
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Menggunakan Menu Bar
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Fungsi Tombol Mouse dalam AutoCAD
Fungsi Keterangan
Klik (click) Menekan tombol mouse satu kali
Klik ganda (double click) Menekan tombol mouse dua kali berurutan secara cepat tanpa menggeser mouse
Geser (drag) Tekan tombol kiri mouse, tahan, kemudian geser ke posisi yang diinginkan, apabila selesai lepaskan
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Memulai Gambar Baru

• Menu bar File ? New
• Pilih Start from Stretch
• Pilih Metric
• Menu Bar Tools ? Options ? User Preferences ?
  Design Center
• Menu Bar Format ? Units ? Drag and Drop Scale

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Membuka File

• Menu bar File ? Open
• Pilih salah satu file ? Klik open

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Menyimpan File Gambar

• Menu bar File ? Save
• Pilih folder tempat penyimpanan file
• Ketik judul file ? Klik save

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Menutup File

• Menu bar File ? Exit
• Jika ada tawaran untuk menyimpan perubahan ?
  Pilih YES

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TAMPILAN AUTO CAD
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PERINTAH AWAL
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PERINTAH PENGGAMBARAN
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PERINTAH PENGGAMBARAN
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PERINTAH PENGGAMBARAN
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PERINTAH UTILITY
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• Automatic Computer Aided Design

• pengenalan sistem
• penggambaran Auto CAD

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pendahuluan

• unit satuan penggambaran

skala metric
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• setting unit aotu cad

Drawing unit edit
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sistem penggambaran auto cad

• sistem sumbu
• pola sumbu cartesian, yaitu sumbu x dan y

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sistem penggambaran auto cad

• sistem sumbu
• pola sumbu cartesian, dengan sumbu x , y dan Z

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sistem penggambaran auto cad

• sistem polar (sudut)
• pola sistem sudut derajat ------------------
  satuan decimal
• format umum _at_ jarakltsudut

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• pada layar screen auto cad

• world cordinate system (WCS)

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• pada layar screen auto cad

• user cordinate system (UCS)

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MEMULAI MENGGAMBAR AUTO CAD
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Starting AutoCAD

• Double click on AutoCAD icon
• AutoCAD environment
• Drop-down menus
• Standard toolbar
• Specific toolbars
• The graphic area
• View tabs
• The command area
• The status area
• Command Entry
• Command area
• Menus
• Icons

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File Operations

• File Operations
• New
• Save
• Open
• Tools / Display Image

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Setting Up Drawing Environment

• Drawing units Indicate metric unit in pop up
  window at start up
• ? Format / Units
• - Decimal units
• - Precision 0.00
• Limits
• ? Format / Drawing Limits
• In command area,
• Lower left corner 0,0
• Upper right corner 200,200 (example 20x20 cm)
• Viewing
• View / Zoom or select icons (zoom all) or
  (zoom window)
• View / Toolbar select frequent operations
• ? View / Regenerate/ Redraw to clear the clicked
  points

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Basic Operations (1)

• Coordinate systems
• Absolute coordinates
• Cartesian (X,Y) or
• Polar (RltAo)
• Relative coordinates
• Cartesian (_at_X,Y) or
• Polar (_at_RltAo)
• User defined coordinate system USC command -
  3points option

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Basic Operations (2)

• 2D drawing
• lines
• ? Select icon or type line
• click the starting point and ending point on the
  graphic area or
• type coordinates of these points
• Arcs
• ? Select icon or type arc
• select points or key in coordinates of the
  points according to requirements
• Other commands polyline (command pl) ,
  rectangle, circle, etc.

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Basic Operations

• Snap modes( select endpoints, intersection)
• Select icons or click right hand side to obtain
  a float menu
• select suitable option
• Or go to Tools / Object Snap Settings
• Common modifying operations
• Erase type e then select object to erase
• Rotate type rotate or select menu Modify /
  Rotate
• Others offset, array,
• 2D object modifications Select modify select
  trim, break, extend, etc.

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I N T R O D U C T I O N

• 1. Setting up the drawing. (Drawing Limits,
  Units, Grid)
• 2. Introducing Tool bars
• 3. Where to go for help and how to get it
• 4. Intro to layers and layer control5. Setting
  up line weights
• 6. Introduction to drawing using tool bars and
  commands
• 7. Drawing using OSNAP, POLAR, ORTHO, OTRACK
  buttons
• 8. Introduction to layouts Setting up
  viewports9. Plotting

A D V A N C E D
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1. Setting up the drawingThere are two main
ways to tell the program what to do. One way is
to find a certain command on the tool bar or
under one of the options on top of your window
(File, Edit, View, Insert, Format, Tools). The
second way is by typing up the command in the
Command Line. The directions below will provide
the information on both ways.

• 1.Drawing Units
• Drawing Units set up the current format for
  units of measure. In order to set up the drawing
  units, Go
• Format menu Units
• You will now have a choice between
  Architectural, Decimal, Engineering, Fractional,
  and Scientific Units. The Engineering and
  Architectural formats produce feet-and-inches
  displays and assume that each drawing unit
  represents one inch.
• You can also type in UNITS in the command line
  and the same window should appear.
• Precision
• Sets the number of decimal places or fractional
  size displayed for linear measurements.
• 2. Drawing Limits
• In order to set up drawing limits, Go
• Format menu Drawing limits.
• You can also type limits in the command line.
• You will then have to type in 4 limits in (x, y)
  coordinates form.
• 3. Grid
• In order to create a grid, either type in Grid
  followed by typing in spacing in your grid. Or
  you can click on SNAP on the bottom of the
  window and set up the grid there.

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2. Introducing Tool BarsYou can see there is a
number of different tool bars on the screen. The
main tool bar which is located under the Menu
bar. These are the most frequently used tool
bars. If you place your mouse on it and right
click, you will get a list of other tool bars
that you may want to display (by scrolling down
and clicking on them).

• This tool bar offers
• different shapes
• and objects to
• draw. You can
• see what they do
• by putting your
• mouse on each one
• and waiting until
• a balloon with
• description pops up.

• This tool bar offers
• different ways of
• editing your drawing(s).
• Remember the name of the command that pops up
  in the help balloon by putting your mouse over
  each button.
• If you remember the command, you can later type
  it in the command line and achieve the same
  result.

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3. Where To Get Help

• If you have any questions, you can always refer
  to AutoCAD Help. You can get there by typing
  in Help in the command line or hitting F1.
  After the AutoCAD window opens up, select
  Search tab. Then you can type in a topic you
  would like to search for.

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4. Layers and Layer Control

• (from AutoCAD Help) You can reduce the visual
  complexity of a drawing and improve display
  performance by controlling the number of objects
  that are displayed or concealed. For example, you
  can use layers to control the visibility of
  similar objects, such as electrical parts or
  dimensions. Also, you can lock a layer to prevent
  objects on that layer from being accidentally
  selected and modified.
• Click here in order to create and modify
  layers.

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5. Setting Up Line Weights

• There are two ways to change Line Weights. One
  way is assign a line weight to a layer. Every
  line and object on that layer will then have the
  same line weight. The second way to change line
  weight is by manually changing it one line at a
  time.
• 1) a. In order to assign line weight to a layer,
  click on Layer Properties Manager button.
• b. Click here to change the line weight.
• c. A box will pop up where you
  can assign line weights.
• 2) In order to change line weights one line at a
  time. Highlight the line on the screen and
  change line weight by clicking on Line Weight
  Control button and scrolling down to pick the
  thickness.

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6. Introduction to drawing using tool bars and
commands.

• Remember there are a number of ways to draw in
  AutoCAD. One way is by opening up appropriate
  tool bars drawing using them. Another way is by
  typing in an appropriate command in the Command
  Line. You can also draw by looking up commands
  under the main menu on top of the screen. (Draw,
  Dimension, Modify.)
• There are many drawing tools under Draw on the
  main menu and lots of modifying tools under
  Modify.
• Remember to use Help in order to find other
  commands you are not familiar with.

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7. Drawing using OSNAP, POLAR, ORTHO, OTRACK
buttons.

• On the bottom of the screen there are a number of
  buttons SNAP, GRID, ORTHO, POLAR, OSNAP,OTRACK,
  LWT, MODEL By right clicking on each button,
  you are able to change the settings for each
  mode. By left-clicking on each button, you are
  able to turn each mode on and off.
• SNAP- snaps onto grid points.
• GRID- turns on/off grid.
• ORTHO- (from AutoCad Help) In Ortho mode, cursor
  movement is constrained to the horizontal or
  vertical directions (relative to the UCS) and
  with the current grid rotation angle. AutoCAD
  ignores Ortho mode in perspective views.
• OSNAP- snaps onto parts of the object. You can
  change what your cursor snaps onto, ex
  endpoints, crossings, corners
• OTRACK- (from AutoCad Help) Use object snap
  tracking to track along alignment paths that are
  based on object snap points.
• LWT- displays the actual thickness of each line.
• MODEL- switches back and forth between layout
  space and model space.

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8. Introduction to Layouts Setting up Viewports

• 1).Layouts are used to create drawing sheets on
  which your drawings are plotted. In order to
  create a layout, click on the layout tab (shown
  with an arrow above). Under Page Setup
  (located under File), you can pick the plotter,
  paper size, scale. Once your layout is set up,
  you can create viewports in order to show your
  drawing on the layout. In order to create a
  viewport 1) Viewports under View (on the main
  menu) 2) pick how many viewports you would like
  to create.

2). Once you have all the viewports in your
layout, you may scale them by 1.
highlighting the box around each viewport 2.
right-clicking on the viewport and selecting
properties 3. Under properties click on
Standard Scale. Now, you are able to scroll
down and pick a scale for you viewport.
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9. Plotting

• After you set up your layout and are ready to
  print it, you may go to File and click on Plot.
  If you have already picked your Plot Device
  and Plot Settings earlier under Page Setup,
  then youre probably ready to plot. If not, you
  should pick your Plot Device (printer) first
  (since that will change your paper options), and
  then set up your Plot Settings.
• Notice that you can print to different scales.
  Most of the time you will probably be printing
  11 scale, but you may print to other scales
  also.
• If you drew your drawings in units than you
  have an option letting the program know what 1
  unit equals (in terms of inches).
• You may also plot the whole layout, or just a
  window. If you would like to print part of the
  layout, click on the window button and
  highlight everything you would like plot. Then
  hit full preview before plotting your drawing.