Mushrooms

1
Mushrooms

• Agaricales
• Russulales
• Boletales

2
3 major characters for families of gilled
mushrooms

• Spore color
• Gill attachment
• Veil

3
Assuming spore color without spore print

• Gill color Cap
  Stalk (veil)

4
Universal veil remnant volva

• from Arora (p. 264)

5
Partial veil remnant - annulus

• from Arora (p. 312)

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Agaricales
mushrooms or agarics
Pale-spored Families
Amanitaceae Lepiotaceae Tricholomatacea
e Pleurotaceae Hygrophoraceae
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Amanitaceae

• Spore white,
• /- amyloid
• Gill free
• Veil universal
• partial veil

8
AmanitaceaeAmanita

• Universal partial veil Universal
  veil only

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Lepiotaceae

• Spore white (or greenish)
• Gill free
• Partial veil

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LepiotaceaeLepiota

• Spore
• white dextrinoid

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Tricholomataceae

• Spore white yellowish
• pinkish lilac
• Gill attached
• /- partial veil
• the largest and the most diverse family of
  pale-spored agarics

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Tricholoma

• spore print white
• medium to large fruiting body
• solitary or in groups
• notched gill attachment
• /- veil
• Cap broad, often with a streaked coloration of
  the pileus

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Tricholomopsis

• on wood
• gills typically yellow
• notched

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TricholomataceaeMycena

• Spore white
• Small fruiting body
• Gregarious
• No veil
• Cap bell-shaped,
• margin rarely incurved

15
TricholomataceaeMarasmius

• Spore white
• Small fruiting body
• widely spaced gills
• gills often wavy
• stipe often wirey

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TricholomataceaeArmillaria

• Spore white (to yellowish)
• Cap w/ dark scales or hairs
• Tough, fibrous stalk
• Stalk base yellow
• Cottony veil
• cespitose

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Laccaria

• Tough, fibrous stalk
• Thick, widely spaced gills
• Cap centrally depressed
• Spore spiny
• (white lilac)

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TricholomataceaeClitocybe

• Spore white (to yellowish or pinkish)
• Decurrent gills
• No veil
• Cap often funnel-shaped at maturity
• Smell sweet like anise or rootbeer

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Cystoderma

• granulose cap
• (sometimes wrinkled)
• distinct partial veil
• umbo
• white-spored

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PleurotaceaePleurotus

• On hardwoods
• shelf fungi
• Spore round, white

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PleurotaceaePleurocybella

• On conifer
• shelf fungi
• Thinner paler fruiting body
• Spore round, white

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Hygrophoraceae

• waxy caps
• waxy gills
• waxy consistency to sporocarp
• often brightly colored
• gills attached to decurrent
• white spores
• long basidia

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Hygrophorus

• waxy gills
• gills decurrent
• white to brightly
• colored
• cap often viscid
• or sticky

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Hygrocybe

• waxy caps
• brightly colored
• often bruising black

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Agaricales
mushrooms or agarics
Dark-spored Families
Cortinariaceae Strophariaceae Agaricaceae
Coprinaceae Pluteaceae Entolomataceae (next
laboratory)