Antiemetics

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Antiemetics Antivertigo Drugs

• By Glen Estrosos

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Antiemetic Drugs

• Antiemetic drug is used to treat or prevent
  nausea or vomiting.
• Antiemetics are tipically used to treat motion
  sickness nd the side effects of opiod analgesics
  and chemotherapy directed against cancer.
• Examples
• Bucladin-Softabs
• Thorazine

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Structural Formula
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Antivertigo Drugs

• Antivertigo drugs is used to treat vertigo, which
  is usually accompanied by lightheadedness,
  dizziness, and weakness.
• Examples
• Vontrol
• Antivert

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Actions

• These drugs appear to act primarily by inhibiting
  the CTZ (chemoreceptor trigger zone) or by
  depressing the sensitivity of the vestibular
  apparatus of the inner ear.

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Actions cont.

• Those that act on the CTZ are more effective for
  vomiting caused by stimulation of the CTZ.
• Those that act on the vestibular apparatus of the
  inner ear are more effective for vertigo
  associated with motion sickness and middle and
  inner ear surgeries.

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Side Effects
Confusion
Nausea Vomiting

• Drowsiness

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Adverse Reactions

• Drowsiness
• Confusion
• Dry mouth
• Headache
• Visual hallucinations

• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Restlessness
• Disorientation
• Sedation

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Contraindications

• Antiametics and antivertigo drugs are
  contraindicated in the patients with hyper
  sensitivity to these drugs, those in coma, or
  those with severe CNS depression.
• These drugs are not recommended during pregnancy,
  lactation, or for uncomplicated vomiting in young
  children.

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Interventions

• Dehydration is a serious concern in the patient
  experiencing nausea and vomiting.
• Observations for fluid and electrolyte imbalance.
  
• Observe IO
• Avoid driving or performing other hazardous task
  when taking this drug.