Arnis Kokorevics

1
The Researchers Mobility within European
Research Area A New Facilities for Innovations
and RTD. Mobility Support and Promoting
International Conference Baltic Dynamics 2004,
Riga, Latvia, September 09-12, 2004

• Arnis Kokorevics
• Latvian Researchers Mobility Centre, Latvian
  State Institute of Wood Chemistry
• Dzerbenes str. 27, Riga, LV1006, Latvia, E-mail
  arniskk_at_edi.lv, Tel. [phone]

2
The human resources in field of RTD in Europe -
negative situation (comparing to USA and Japan)
International Conference Baltic Dynamics 2004,
Riga, Latvia, September 09-12, 2004

• a lower proportion of workforce in RD (5.1 in
  every thousand of the workforce in Europe,
  against 7.4 in the US and 8.9 in Japan),
  particularly in the number of researchers
  employed in industry (2.5 in every thousand in
  Europe, against 7.0 in the US and 6.3 in Japan)
• Europe also seems to face a brain drain of young
  scientific and technological personnel to the USA
  (more than 26 000 specialised workers entering
  the US were from the European countries and more
  than 7 300 from the acceding countries in 2001)
• the number of young people attracted to careers
  in science and research in Europe is decreasing
• there is currently an underused potential of
  women in scientific careers in Europe.

3
Reaction of EU institutions
International Conference Baltic Dynamics 2004,
Riga, Latvia, September 09-12, 2004

• the decisions of the Lisbon Summit (March 2000)
• vision and work programme of the European
  Research Area (ERA) in 2000
• the strategic initiative Mobility Strategy for
  the European Research Area (ERA) in 2001

• The target
• the more abundant and more mobile human
  resources
• the European dimension to scientific careers
• bringing together the researchers of Western and
  Eastern Europe
• removal of obstacles to the mobility of
  researchers
• the creation of a favourable environment for the
  mobility of researchers in the ERA.

4
Specific features of Researchers Mobility
International Conference Baltic Dynamics 2004,
Riga, Latvia, September 09-12, 2004

• The mobility of researchers concerns all ages and
  steps in a researchers career path, which differ
  it from other types of mobility
• The mobility of researchers has specific
  obstacles and barriers of mobility economic,
  legal, social, cultural, linguistic
• lack of specicial information
• The legal situation is also distinctly different
  for third country researchers than for EU
  citizens. The researchers from young EU countries
  are facing additional obstacles - the largest
  part of old EU counties sets up transition
  periods for offering their labour market for
  personnel from young EU countries
• The interregional mobility within ERA will
  manifest itself also as a brain drain in less
  developed regions (Latvia and other Eastern
  European countries).

5
The priority directions for providing
information, improvement of legal environment
and removing of obstacles and barriers
International Conference Baltic Dynamics 2004,
Riga, Latvia, September 09-12, 2004

• admission to the country (visas) and access to
  employment (work permits)
• social security rights (including pension rights)
  and fiscal issues (taxation)
• financial issues and financial support
• return and career development
• intellectual property rights (IPR),
  especially for intersectorial mobility
• recruitment conditions and methods
• family issues (maternity leave, day-care),
  especially for young researches
• gender issues.

The High-Level Expert Group on Improving
Mobility of Researchers. Final Report. 4 April
2001.
6
The two dimensions of researchers mobility
International Conference Baltic Dynamics 2004,
Riga, Latvia, September 09-12, 2004

• the international mobility geographic and
  regional dimension the mobility between the
  EU, candidate countries, and countries associated
  in FP6, involvement of third countries nationals
  to researches in ERA
• the intersectorial mobility between business
  (industry) and academia, between public and
  private-funded research organizations and
  vice-versa.

7
The European Network of Mobility Centres
(ERA-MORE) and the European Researchers
Mobility Portal (European RMP) a Special
Support Action within FP6
International Conference Baltic Dynamics 2004,
Riga, Latvia, September 09-12, 2004

• collected information about fellowships and
  grants, research job opportunities database,
  anonymous CV database about researchers
  employment searchers,
• information service to incoming, outgoing and
  returning researchers (, information about the
  legal and administrative issues related to
  researchers mobility, practical information about
  daily life issues),
• personal assistance to mobile researchers and
  their families ensuring the support for the legal
  and administrative procedure, the working and
  living environment for mobile researchers,
• analysis of the situation in each country
  regarding mobility issues, identification of the
  obstacles for mobility, preparation of
  recommendations to eliminate the obstacles for
  mobility.

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The European Researchers Mobility Portal -
European RMP- launched on 10 July, 2003.- the
main information dissemination tool- over 3000
active Internet links on job opportunities,
assistance on administrative and legal issues
when moving abroad etc. The ERA-MORE network -
launched during the International Conference
Brain drain, brain gain new challenges (June
30, 2004, Paris) - bringing together 200
centres in 33 countries,
International Conference Baltic Dynamics 2004,
Riga, Latvia, September 09-12, 2004

• The national Mobility Centres and Researchers
  Mobility Portals will start their activities
  during 2004.
• The Latvian Researchers Mobility Centre (Latvian
  RMC) and the Latvian Researchers Mobility
  Portal (Latvian RMP) - a part of this
  ERA-MORE network and its Internet portals.

11
The other tools offered by the EU institutions
International Conference Baltic Dynamics 2004,
Riga, Latvia, September 09-12, 2004

• EURES - the European Job Mobility Portal
  (http//www.europa.eu.int/eures)
• Solvit - problem solving in the Internal Market
  (http//europa.eu.int/solvit/)
• YourEurope - on-line EU and national public
  information services regarding cross-border
  activities (http//europa.eu.int/youreurope/)
• Dialogue with Citizens - information about
  living, working, studying or travelling in
  another EU country (http//europa.eu.int/citizensr
  ights/)
• Citizens Signpost Service - practical advice and
  signposting service (http//europa.eu.in
  t/citizensrights/signpost/)
• Europe Direct e-mail, phone or web assistance
  service (http//europa.eu.int/europedire
  ct/ )
• Eurydice - the information network on education
  in Europe (http//www.eurydice.org/)
• Ploteus - the learning opportunities throughout
  the European Space (http//europa.eu.int
  /ploteus/)
• Your Voice in Europe - the EC single access
  point to a wide variety of other tools
  (http//europa.eu.int/yourvoice/).

12
The European problem is the lack of
intersectoral mobility and this partitioning is a
threat to Europe economy Philippe
Busquin, European Commissioner.
International Conference Baltic Dynamics 2004,
Riga, Latvia, September 09-12, 2004

• Specific features of intersectorial mobility
  actions
• it is necessary to find employment vacancies,
• researchers can lose some of their acquired
  benefits and professional status,
• will have to start their career development
  again.
• The differences in labour relations, its culture,
  career development, confidentiality of research
  results, and the pressure of publication for
  evaluation and intellectual property protection
  make it difficult to move from one sector to
  another.

13
The achievements and the experience to promote
intersectorial mobility within the mobility
strategy
International Conference Baltic Dynamics 2004,
Riga, Latvia, September 09-12, 2004

• education of students, doctoral candidates and
  scientists with the knowledge of the business
  aspects of RTD, entrepreneurship and project
  management (Industrial PhDs Denmark
  Industrial CASE awards - United Kingdom
  Estonia)
• competence centres (Kplus programme Austria
  United Kingdom)
• financial support to spin-offs and enterprises
  established by universities and scientists, to
  the setting up of innovative enterprises
  (Austria SPINNO and BioSPINNO Estonia France
  PAVE- Greece)
• keeping of researchers rights to pension and
  promotion during their work in industry, rights
  to return to universities (France SkatteFUNN
  Norway)
• measures for recognizing the research work
  carried out in the private sector in lieu of a
  doctoral degree (France)
• special programmes, which support the staff
  transfer between companies and science (aFuE
  and INNO- Germany Greece Ireland
  Netherlands Norway Portugal Slovenia).

14
The plans of the Latvian RMC and its portal in
the field of intersectorial mobility support
International Conference Baltic Dynamics 2004,
Riga, Latvia, September 09-12, 2004

• Mainly - information dissemination and exchange
• the possibilities of finding an employee abroad,
  and the services of the centre and portals to
  solve practical problems related to the
  employment of specialists from abroad to the
  employers from the private sector
• the finding appropriate researchers positions
  and new facilities for their further career to
  RTD specialists - potential mobile researcher.
• the popularization of information about grants
  and programmes, which allows the participation of
  representatives from both spheres innovation
  supports, joint grants, fellowships, etc.
• As the most promising co-operation partners for
  information dissemination, societies and
  associations of industry branches, especially in
  high-tech fields (information technologies,
  telecommunications, pharmacies, etc.),
  development agencies, technological centres,
  innovation centres will be regarded.

15
Conclusions The European Network of Mobility
Centres (ERA-MORE) and the European and national
Researchers Mobility Portals will be relevant
and valuable tools to promote the international
and intersectorial mobility of researchers.Diffe
rent initiatives both on the Community and
national levels form an excellent basis for the
development of further actions, for benchmarking
and the identification of examples of good
practice. The activities within the mobility
strategy will be viewed in the context of other
activities and offered tools of the FP6 Specific
programme Structuring the ERA, especially
Marie Curie Actions.
International Conference Baltic Dynamics 2004,
Riga, Latvia, September 09-12, 2004

• As the next steps predicted by EC to support
  researchers mobility
• the development of The European Researchers
  Charter and The Code of Conduct for the
  recruitment principles of researchers. It will be
  presented to the Member States in the form of a
  Recommendation from the Commission, due to be
  adopted by the end of 2004
• the new EU directive expected to regulate the
  recognition of professional qualifications in
  Europe
• the new scientific visas for third country
  researchers.