Nutrition and COPD

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Nutrition and COPD

• Jacqueline Tetreault
• Community Dietitian
• Merrickville District Community Health Centre
• Prepared by Janine MacLeod, RD

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Todays Plan

• Nutritional goal
• Canadas Food Guide
• Healthy weights
• Other things to consider
• Fluid/Sodium
• Gas
• Nutrients
• Mealtime strategies
• Questions

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Nutritional Goals

• Ensure nutrient needs are being met
• Maintain a healthy weight
• Promote symptom control
• Prevent complications

There is no cure for COPD, but eating well can
help you feel better.
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Healthy Weights
BMI weight (kg) height (m2) Your
ideal weight is a BMI of 18.5-25
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Underweight

• Energy out gt Energy In Weight loss
• Assessing your weight loss
• Increased risk of malnutrition
• Factors contributing to weight loss
• Ways to increase weight

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Factors contributing to weight loss

• Aging
• Lack of exercise
• Decreased oxygen in body
• Medications
• Vitamin deficiencies
• Increased energy needs
• Decreased food intake

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Ways to increase weight

• First step is ensuring your are eating well
• Follow Canadas Food guide
• Eat 3 meals each day
• Eat 2-3 snacks each day

If you are still unable to maintain your weight
try the following
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Increasing weight

• Choose high calorie, high protein, high fat foods
• Add calories to food when ever you can
• Plan easy to prepare meals
• Drink fluids after meals
• Use supplements such as Ensure Boost
• Have convenience foods available

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High Calorie Snacks

• Eggs
• Cracker with peanut butter
• Bagels with cream cheese
• Cereal with half and half
• Fruit/vegetables with dip
• Yogurt with granola
• Bread sticks with cheese
• sauce
• Nachos and cheese
• Dried Fruit

• Ice cream
• Cookies
• Pudding
• Cheese, peanut butter
• Nuts, seeds
• Granola bars
• Custard
• Sandwiches
• Hot chocolate or
• chocolate milk

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Added Calories

• Add protein powder or skim milk powder to soups,
  yogurt, beverages, pudding, hot cereal,
  casseroles, mashed potatoes
• Add cream cheese or shredded cheese to
  casseroles, egg dishes, soup, pasta, potatoes,
  rice or vegetables
• Add mayonnaise, margarine or sour cream to many
  of the foods mentioned above
• Add ground nuts to puddings, gravy, potatoes,
  casseroles, yogurt and cereals

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Added Calories

• Avoid low fat or low calorie products unless you
  have been given other dietary guidelines
• Avoid non-nutritive beverages like black tea and
  coffee

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Overweight

• Energy In gt Energy Out Weight gain
• Increased difficulty breathing
• Increased risk of chronic disease
• Factors contributing to weight gain
• Weight loss strategies

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Weight Loss Strategies

• If you need to lose weight
• Eat a variety of foods according to Canadas Food
  Guide
• Eat small frequent meals
• Plan easy to prepare meals and include fluids
• Watch portion sizes
• Limit high fat foods
• Increase physical activity proceed slowly

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Fluids

• Limit salt intake
• Use fresh or dried herbs, unsalted spices, lemon
  juice and flavoured vinegars for flavourings
• Try seasoning blends like Mrs. Dash, dry mustard
  or hot sauces
• Taste foods before salting when cooking
• Avoid adding salt at the table

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Limit/avoid extra salty foods

• Snack foods such as chips, salted nuts pretzels
• Prepackaged pasta, rice or potato meals
• Instant hot cereals
• Condiments such as salt, seasoned salts, soy
  sauce, mustard, hosrseradish, ketchup BBQ sauce

• Processed meats
• Boxed frozen meats and chicken
• Canned vegetables
• Pickles and olives
• Vegetable juices
• Processed cheese
• Canned and dehydrated soups

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Look at the Sodium Content
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Gas Bloating

• Reduce gas and bloating by
• Using antacids for relief
• Eating smaller meals
• Relaxing while you eat, eating slowly and chewing
  well
• Not holding your breath while you chew. Stop,
  relax and take a few breaths after swallowing.

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Foods that may cause gas

• Apples
• Avocados
• Broccoli
• Brussel Sprouts
• Cabbage
• Cauliflower
• Corn
• Cucumbers
• Leeks

• Legumes
• Melons
• Onions
• Peas
• Peppers
• Fried, greasy or heavily spiced foods
• Carbonated drinks

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Vitamin C, E and omega-3 fatty acids

• These nutrients help to keep lung tissue healthy
• Vitamin C
• Vegetables and fruit
• Vitamin E
• Canola, olive oil, non-hydrogenated margarine,
  nut butters and nuts and seeds
• Omega 3-Fatty acids
• Fish, ground flax seed, omega eggs and margarine

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Mealtime strategies

• Eat small frequent meals
• Choose foods with high nutritional value
• Use oxygen during meals
• Eat your main meal early in the day
• Rest before eating
• Eat slowly

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Mealtime strategies

• For when you are too tired at the end of the day
• Choose foods that require little preparation
• Check out meals on Wheels
• Make large batches when you have the energy and
  freeze the extras
• Have convenience foods on hand

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Plan meals and grocery lists ahead of time when
you have the energy
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Summary

• Aim to be a healthy weight
• Follow Canadas Food Guide
• Eat regular meals and snacks each day

If you feel you need more help with your eating
speak with a Registered Dietitian
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1-877-510-5102
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Questions