Digital Government

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Digital Government Development Issues for
Research and Policy

• Anthony M. Cresswell
• Center for Technology in Government
• University at Albany

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Growing Links Government, Technology,
Development

• World Bank Development Gateway (www.developmentga
  teway.org)
• OECD (OLIS net, Communications Outlook)
• European Union (europa.eu.int)
• US Federal Government (www.doc.gov/eda/)
• US States (www.doc.gov/eda/html/2e1_stateli
  nks.htm)

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Lack of Consistent Strategies or Models
Technology
Government
?
Development
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Approaches to the Puzzle

• Understanding the domain of Digital Government
• Understanding the components of Digital
  Government
• Examining the links between Digital Government
  and development

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Domain of Digital Government
Policy
Management
Technology
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Policy Domain
law, economics, demographics, culture,
politics, societal program goals, stakeholders,
constituencies
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Management Domain
organizational structure, human resources,
funding, change processes, business processes,
decision processes, information flows
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Technology Domain
computing, collaboration networking tools for
information collection, processing, storage,
sharing, analysis, integration, and knowledge
management
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Domain of Digital Government
Policy
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Domain of Digital Government
Policy
Management
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Domain of Digital Government
Policy
Management
Technology
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Competing Views of Digital Government

• Application of advanced technology vs.
• Advanced application of technology

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Components of Digital Government
E-services
E-commerce
E-democracy
E-management
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E-services

• 24 x 7
• self-service
• more responsive
• more customized
• organized by need, not organization chart

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E-services_at_ccess Washington
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E-commerce

• government to business
• citizens to government
• government business
• nonprofit contracting
• electronic catalogs
• procurement cards
• e-mall

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E-commerce IRS e-file
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E-democracy

• electronic voting
• virtual town meetings
• cyber campaigns
• constituency services
• cyber polls
• electronic access to info
• community forums

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E-democracySanta Monica PEN
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E-management

• virtual organizations
• knowledge networks
• electronic records
• digital libraries
• data management analysis

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E-managementNYC Compstat
COMPSTAT
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What Roles can Government Play in Economic
Development?

• Marketer
• Facilitator
• Financier
• Investor/Entrepreneur
• Regulator

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Marketing to Developers

• Advertising business opportunities advantages
• Providing information resources
• Publicizing human resources
• Publicizing quality of life

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Facilitating Development

• Building e-commerce with government
• Creating partnerships brokering collaboration
• Providing decision support and analysis
• Job training

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San Carlos, CA Virtual Development Tour
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San Carlos, CA Virtual Development Tour
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Financing and Providing Incentives

• Tax incentives and concessions
• Economic development zones
• Utility regulation
• Favorable tax policies and levels

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Home of the Rural Empowerment Zone and Enterprise
Community Program
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Direct Investment

• Building out infrastructure
• Building public facilities
• Grants and development projects
• Support for RD, education

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European Union Development Programs
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Regulation

• Zoning
• Permitting
• Planning
• Information Policies (FOIA, privacy, public
  access/ownership)

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Redmond, WA Comprehensive Plan
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Research Policy Issues

• What is the best role for government v. the
  private and non-government sectors?
• How to deal with limited access and resources
  the digital divide?
• Why so few success stories?

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The Digital Divide A Global Issue
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What Role for Private and Non-Government Agencies?
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Why so few digital government success stories?

• Technology is necessary but not sufficient
• We still need the right
• leadership
• management strategies
• organizational structures
• cross-boundary relationships
• financing mechanisms
• policies
• public acceptance

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Barriers to a Digital Government

• Many of the barriers to realizing the benefits
  of IT are not technical, but rather occur when
  social, political, or legal issues arise as
  attempts are made to deploy and adopt the IT and
  its applications.
• - PITAC Interim Report, August 1998

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Other observations

• In the on-line world, political boundaries are
  largely irrelevant. Governing
• Technology is not the issue. . .its building a
  sense of community governance. Gary Lambert,
  leader of multi-state e-mall
• Government organizations represent almost
  stunning diversity. CTG state-local project

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• Center for Technology in Government
• www.ctg.albany.edu
• info_at_ctg.albany.edu