Design of Sour Gas Treatment Plant

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United Arab Emirates University Faculty Of
Engineering Graduation Project Unit Graduation
Project I
Design of Sour Gas Treatment Plant Faculty
Advisor Dr.Fahmi Abu Al-Rub Industrial Contact
Dr.Mohamed Al-Marzouqi Coordinator Dr.Salah
Al-Omary.
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United Arab Emirates University Faculty Of
Engineering Graduation Project Unit Graduation
Project I
Sour Gas Treatment Plant
Done by Osama Ali 980715144 Yousif
Mohammed 980710588
Done By Osama Ali Yousif Mohammed
GP 1 Design of Sour Gas Treatment Plant
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Presentation content

• Introduction
• Processes Selection
• Absorption Process by Amine Solution

Done By Osama Ali Yousif Mohammed
GP 1 Design of Sour Gas Treatment Plant
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Introduction
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Introduction
Natural Gas
Non-Hydrocarbon (Sour Gas)
Hydrocarbon
What is Sour Gas? Sour Gas is acidic gases such
as Carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide.
Done By Osama Ali Yousif Mohammed
GP 1 Design of Sour Gas Treatment Plant
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Sour Gas Composition
Note The composition of components is from ADMA
Company
Done By Osama Ali Yousif Mohammed
GP 1 Design of Sour Gas Treatment Plant
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Presentation content
Effect of Sour Gas
Environmental effects
Industrial effects
Done By Osama Ali Yousif Mohammed
GP 1 Design of Sour Gas Treatment Plant
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Carbon Dioxide
- Corrosive material - Reduce the heating
value - Non-combustible component
Done By Osama Ali Yousif Mohammed
GP 1 Design of Sour Gas Treatment Plant
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Hydrogen Sulphide
- H2S is a highly toxic - Colorless -
Flammable gas - 4.3 LEL and 45 HEL by volume
with an auto-- ignition temperature of 500oF
(292oC). Heavier than air (1.18 times heavier).
- It may accumulate in dangerous concentrations
in drains, valve pits, vessels and tanks.
Done By Osama Ali Yousif Mohammed
GP 1 Design of Sour Gas Treatment Plant
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Health Effect
Done By Osama Ali Yousif Mohammed
GP 1 Design of Sour Gas Treatment Plant
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Processes Selection
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Quality specifications

• Hydrogen sulphide must be less than 6 mg/m3 to
  prevent the effect of corrosion in process
  equipment.
• Carbon dioxide is limited to 2 maximum to
  prevent dilution of the heat producing
  combustible sales gas.

Done By Osama Ali Yousif Mohammed
GP 1 Design of Sour Gas Treatment Plant
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Conditions
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GP 1 Design of Sour Gas Treatment Plant
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Processes selection
Process Type
Absorption
Adsorption
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GP 1 Design of Sour Gas Treatment Plant
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Absorption
Absorption process is used to remove a component
(solute) from the gas stream by contacting the
gas with a liquid solution (solvent).
Sweet Gas
Lean Solvent
Natural Gas
Rich Solvent
Done By Osama Ali Yousif Mohammed
GP 1 Design of Sour Gas Treatment Plant
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Adsorption
Adsorption is the process of removing impurities
from a gas stream by means of a solid material
called adsorbent that has special attraction for
the impurities.
Done By Osama Ali Yousif Mohammed
GP 1 Design of Sour Gas Treatment Plant
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Absorption Process by
Amine Solution
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Introduction

• Absorption requires mass transfer of substance
  from the gas stream to the liquid.
• The component which is absorbed is called solute
  and the liquid is called solvent.
• The relation between Absorption Stripping

• If the concentration of the vapor and liquid are
  in equilibrium, no driving force exist so no mass
  transfer will occur

Done By Osama Ali Yousif Mohammed
Design of Sour Gas Treatment Plant
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Choice of solvent

• High solubility.
• Low volatility.
• Easy to recovery.
• Low viscosity.
• Low cost.

Done By Osama Ali Yousif Mohammed
GP 1 Design of Sour Gas Treatment Plant
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Amine Chemistry
The alkanolamines are the most generally accepted
and widely used solvent for the removal of H2S
and CO2 from natural gas.
Done By Osama Ali Yousif Mohammed
GP 1 Design of Sour Gas Treatment Plant
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Amines
        MonoEtanol Amine (MEA)        
DiEthanol Amine (DEA)         Methyldiethanolamin
e (MDEA)
Done By Osama Ali Yousif Mohammed
GP 1 Design of Sour Gas Treatment Plant
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Amines

• From the three types of amines, DEA amine is
  selected. The reasons for select DEA are in
  following points
• DAE is much less corrosive to carbon steel than
  MEA
• DEA is less volatile then MEA
• MDEA is much less reactive than either DEA

Done By Osama Ali Yousif Mohammed
GP 1 Design of Sour Gas Treatment Plant
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GAS SWEETENING BY DEA
Process Description The gas sweetening process
consists basically of two parts a.
Absorption b. Regeneration
Process Reaction
Done By Osama Ali Yousif Mohammed
GP 1 Design of Sour Gas Treatment Plant
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DEA Process
Done By Osama Ali Yousif Mohammed
GP 1 Design of Sour Gas Treatment Plant
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Conclusion
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Conclusion

• Absorption with amine was selected.
• Among the amine processes, the DEA process was
  found to be the best to treat the sour gas with
  the suggest specifications.
• Sour gas contains H2S and CO2, H2S was highly
  toxic, thus experiment analysis could not be
  carried out in our laboratories. Since H2S safety
  requirements are not available in the Chemical
  Engineering Department laboratories.

Done By Osama Ali Yousif Mohammed
GP 1 Design of Sour Gas Treatment Plant