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Muslim contribution to education

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Title: Muslim contribution to education


1
Muslim contribution to education
2
Testimony of the orientalists
  • ? ????? ?? ???? ?? ???????

3
George Sarton's tribute to Muslim Scientists in
the "Introduction to the History of Science
  • "It will suffice here to evoke a few glorious
    names without contemporary equivalents in the
    West Jabir ibn Haiyan, al-Kindi, al-Khwarizmi,
    al-Fargani, al-Razi, Thabit ibn Qurra,
    al-Battani, Hunain ibn Ishaq, al-Farabi, Ibrahim
    ibn Sinan, al-Masudi, al-Tabari, Abul Wafa, 'Ali
    ibn Abbas, Abul Qasim, Ibn al-Jazzar, al-Biruni,
    Ibn Sina, Ibn Yunus, al-Kashi, Ibn al-Haitham,
    'Ali Ibn 'Isa al-Ghazali, al-zarqab, Omar
    Khayyam. A magnificent array of names which it
    would not be difficult to extend. If anyone tells
    you that the Middle Ages were scientifically
    sterile, just quote these men to him, all of whom
    flourished within a short period, 750 to 1100
    A.D."

4
John William Draper in the "Intellectual
Development of Europe"
  • "I have to deplore the systematic manner in which
    the literature of Europe has continued to put out
    of sight our obligations to the Muhammadans.
    Surely they cannot be much longer hidden.
    Injustice founded on religious rancour and
    national conceit cannot be perpetuated forever.
    The Arab has left his intellectual impress on
    Europe. He has indelibly written it on the
    heavens as any one may see who reads the names of
    the stars on a common celestial globe."

5
Robert Briffault in the "Making of Humanity"
  • "It was under the influence of the Arabs and
    Moorish revival of culture and not in the 15th
    century, that a real renaissance took place.
    Spain, not Italy, was the cradle of the rebirth
    of Europe. After steadily sinking lower and lower
    into barbarism, it had reached the darkest depths
    of ignorance and degradation when cities of the
    Saracenic world, Baghdad, Cairo, Cordova, and
    Toledo, were growing centres of civilization and
    intellectual activity. It was there that the new
    life arose which was to grow into new phase of
    human evolution. From the time when the influence
    of their culture made itself felt, began the
    stirring of new life.

6
W. Montgomery Watt, Islamic Surveys The
Influence of Islam on Medieval Europe Edinburgh,
England 1972 p.84
  • . "Because Europe was reacting against Islam it
    belittled the influence of Saracens Muslims and
    exaggerated its dependence on its Greek and Roman
    heritage. So today an important task for us is to
    correct this false emphasis and to acknowledge
    fully our debt to the Arab and Islamic world".

7
Latinised names of Muslim scholars
8
Setting the record straight!
9
  • What is Taught The first mention of man in
    flight was by Roger Bacon, who drew a flying
    apparatus. Leonardo da Vinci also conceived of
    airborne transport and drew several prototypes.
  • What Should be Taught Ibn Firnas of Islamic
    Spain invented, constructed and tested a flying
    machine in the 800's A.D. Roger Bacon learned of
    flying machines from Arabic references to Ibn
    Firnas' machine. The latter's invention antedates
    Bacon by 500 years and Da Vinci by some 700 years.

10
  • What is Taught Glass mirrors were first produced
    in 1291 in Venice.
  • What Should be Taught Glass mirrors were in use
    in Islamic Spain as early as the 11th century.
    The Venetians learned of the art of fine glass
    production from Syrian artisans during the 9th
    and 10th centuries.

11
  • What is Taught Isaac Newton, during the 17th
    century, discovered that white light consists of
    various rays of colored light.
  • What Should be Taught This discovery was made in
    its entirety by al-Haytham (11th century) and
    Kamal ad-Din (14th century). Newton did make
    original discoveries, but this was not one of
    them.
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