Modern%20Engine%20Technology

1
Modern Engine Technology

• CHE 384
• Ted Kane
• 17 November 2005

2
Modern Engine Technology

• Engine Technology
• PFI
• GDI
• Advanced Diesel
• HEDGE
• Modeling Tools
• Federal Regulations
• Passenger Cars
• Heavy-Duty Trucks

3
Port Fuel Injection

• Allows more precise fuel/air mixture control
• Allows the use of the the 3-way Catalyst
• Provides a 96 reduction in HC and CO
• Provides a 88 reduction in NOx
• Typically about 34 peak efficiency

4
Gasoline Direct Injection

• Provides more flexibility with fuel injection
  timing
• 20 Fuel Economy Increase over PFI
• Engine out emissions are better than PFI
• Tailpipe Emissions are worse than PFI
• Produces Particulate Matter

5
Advanced Diesel Control

• Required to meet 2007 Standards
• Particulate Filters
• Lean NOx Catalyst
• Drops peak efficiency to 37

6
Advanced Diesel Schematic
7
HEDGE

• High Efficiency Durable Gasoline Engine
• High Compression Otto Cycle Engine
• Can attain Diesel Like Efficiency (40)

8
HEDGE Flow Schematic
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HEDGE Operation
10
Diesel vs Otto
11
EPA Car Emission Standards
12
EPA Truck Emissions Standards
13
EPA Truck Emissions Standards
14
Modeling

• DOE ANL Transportation Technology
• GREET
• PSAT
• Combined to provide Well-to-Wheel Estimate of
  emissions and fuel economy

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GREET(Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emissions, and
Energy Use in Transportation)

• Well-to-Pump Emissions Tool

16
GREET(Greenhouse Gases, Regulated Emissions, and
Energy Use in Transportation)
17
PSAT(Powertrain System Analysis Toolkit)

• Produced by ANL
• Allows for simulated emissions test drive cycles
• Can be converted into prototype control system
• Pump-to-Wheel Emissions Estimates

18
University of Texas Involvement

• Sponsored by ANL and GM
• UT Attempting to implement first HEDGE engine in
  a vehicle
• Potential 40 increase in Fuel Economy
• Potential to meet 2006 Tier 2 standards

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Conclusion

• Engine Technology has greatly reduced emissions
  leading to Ozone and CO
• Modeling allows designers to analyze full system
  impact, while reducing cycle time and including
  Wheel-to-Well emissions
• Government regulations continue to drive
  technology

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References

• Leet, J., S. Simescu, K. Froelund, L. Dodge, C.
  Roberts. Emissions Solutions for 2007 and 2010
  Heavy-Duty Diesel Enginer. SAE 2004-01-0124
• Matthews, R.D., (2001), Internal Combustion
  Engines and Automotive Engineering, Spring 2001
  Draft, Harper-Collins.
• GREET http//www.transportation.anl.gov/software/G
  REET/index.html
• PSAT http//www.transportation.anl.gov/software/PS
  AT/index.html
• Iwamoto, Y., K. Noma, O. Nakayama, T. Yamauchi
  and H. Ando, (1997), Development of Gasoline
  Direct Injection Engine, SAE Paper 970541.
• Pirault, J., T. Ryan, T. Alger, C. Roberts,
  (2005), Performance Prediction for High
  Efficiency Stoichiometric Spark Ignited Enginer,
  SAE Paper SAE 2005-01-0995
• Alger, T., S. Hanhe, C. Roberts, T. Ryan, (2005),
  The Heavy Duty Gasoline Engine A
  Multi-Cylinder Study of a High Efficiency, Low
  Emissions Technology, SAE Paper SAE 2005-01-1135
  
• Heavy Duty Emissions Regulations
  http//www.dieselnet.com/standards/us/hd.html