STUDY PERFORMANCES AMONG 2ND YEAR MEDICAL STUDENTS IN UKM

1
STUDY PERFORMANCES AMONG 2ND YEAR MEDICAL
STUDENTS IN UKM

• LAB 5
• MEDICINE SOCIETY
• FACULTY OF MEDICINE
• UNIVERSITI KEBANGSAAN MALAYSIA

DR ROZHAN SHARIFF B MOHAMED RADZI
2
LAB MEMBERS

• CHRISTINA SUZAIN ZARINA MOSIUN A117206
• ARBAAYAH BINTI ABDUL RAHMAN A116573
• MUHAMMAD FAIRUS BIN ROMLI A116410
• CHOW JUN YONG A116605
• MOHD NAQIUDDIN BIN MOHD YUSOF A120705
• KEE HOE TEONG A116433
• JANANHEENDARAN A/L RAGADRAN A116695
• MUHAMMAD HAZWAN B ABDULLAH A116792
• MELISSHA BINTI LUQMAN A116536
• STELLA KONG SAN SAN A116523
• TEO CHEE YANG A120633
• SHAHRUL AZHAR BIN MD HANIF A116725
• LAWRENCE NGI ING HOU A116541
• CHUA YIN LOONG A116569
• NOOR AADILA BINTI SAAD A116596
• SITI NADIAH BT AHMAD SHAHROM A117226
• SHAMINI A/P SANGASAMY A116817

3
INTRODUCTION

• Study performances achieved during the first year
  could be used to identify factors that influences
  it.
• By discovering the factors, we could learn to
  improve ourselves

4
LITERATURE REVIEW

• Social lifestyle
• Social lifestyle affects ones self esteem and
  behavior. Increased in both aspects support
  cognitive learning. (Cocke, 2002) (Shephard,
  1997)

Source Does Physical Activity Influence
Academic Performance? by Leslee J. Scheuer,
Graduate Student and Dr. Debby Mitchell, Ed.D.
Associate Professor Physical Education / Sports
Fitness University of Central Florida- Orlando,
FL USA
4
5
LITERATURE REVIEW

• Diet
• Low blood sugar levels, which occur when the
  body does not receive adequate sustenance,
  decrease cognitive ability. (Morris and Sarll,
  2001)

Source Carol S. Weinstein, "The Physical
Environment of School A Review of the Research,"
Review of Educational Research, vol. 49, no. 4
(Autumn 1979), pp. 577610.
5
6
LITERATURE REVIEW

• Environmental
• Environmental variables can impact learners
  indirectly. For example, distracting noises
  appear to slow reaction time and degrade
  performances (Weinstein)

Source Carol S. Weinstein, "The Physical
Environment of School A Review of the Research,"
Review of Educational Research, vol. 49, no. 4
(Autumn 1979), pp. 577610.
7
LITERATURE REVIEW

• Spirituality
• Spirituality increases coping strengths and
  employment of positive coping mechanisms to deal
  with stress and contributed to improved
  contentedness and self esteem. (Graham, Furr,
  Flowers, Burke, 2001 Kampa,2000)

Source Carol S. Weinstein, "The Physical
Environment of School A Review of the Research,"
Review of Educational Research, vol. 49, no. 4
(Autumn 1979), pp. 577610.
8
LITERATURE REVIEW

• Physical activity
• Time dedicated to physical activity, academic
  performance meets and may even exceed that of
  students not receiving physical activity.
  (Shephard, 1997)

Source Does Physical Activity Influence
Academic Performance? by Leslee J. Scheuer,
Graduate Student and Dr. Debby Mitchell, Ed.D.
Associate Professor Physical Education / Sports
Fitness University of Central Florida- Orlando,
FL USA
9
GENERAL OBJECTIVE

• To determine various factors such as
• study environment
• students behavior
• social upbringing and
• healthy lifestyle
• that can influence study performance among 2nd
  year medical students.

10
SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

• To determine the influence of sociodemographic
  variables on CGPA result of medical students.
• To study the influence of social upbringing on
  CGPA result of medical students.
• To find the relationship between their study
  methods and CGPA result of medical students.
• To study the relationship between the social
  lifestyle of students and CGPA result of medical
  students.
• To determine the influence of study environment
  on CGPA result of medical students.
• To study the association between the spirituality
  of student and CGPA result of medical students.

11
HYPOTHESIS

• 1.a)There is a difference of study performances
  among the male and female medical students.
• b)There is a difference of study performances
  between races.
• There is a strong influence of family background
  and peers on the CGPA achieved.
• There is a significant association between the
  study behavior of students and CGPA achieved.
• There is a significant difference of CGPA
  achievement between medical students with
  healthy dietary and physical lifestyle habits
  and the ones that do not.
• There is a strong influence of study environment
  on the medical students CGPA achievement.
• There is a significant difference of CGPA
  achievement between medical students who have
  strong spirituality and students who do not.

12
METHODOLOGY

• Questionnaire self-administered
• Cross-sectional study
• Target population 2nd year UKM medical students
  122 out of 227 batch 2008/2009
• Analytic statistic ANOVA, Chi-Square,
  Correlation, T-test
• Significant level of plt0.05

13
METHODOLOGY

• Convenience sampling
• - 122 2ND year medical students in UKM
• - Starting 28 July to 8th August
• The average CGPA calculated for both semesters is
  2.81

14
QUESTIONNAIRES

• Sociodemographic ( Gender, Race, Religion)
• CGPA (Average of 2 semesters)
• Family
• Peer
• Education History
• Physical
• Diet
• Environment
• Spiritual

15
RESPONDENT AGE
18 years old 1 (0.82) 19 years old 19 (15.57
) 20 years old 90 (73.77 ) 21 years old 12
(9.84 )
16
RESPONDENT GENDER
RESPONDENT GENDER
MALE 52 (42.62 ) FEMALE 70 (57.38)
17
RESPONDENT RACE
MALAY 72 (59.02 ) CHINESE 42 (34.43) INDIAN
6 (4.92 ) OTHER 2 (1 .64)
18
RESPONDENT RELIGION
MUSLIM 72 (59.02) BUDDHIST 35
(28.69) CHRISTIAN 7 (5.74) HINDU 5
(4.10) OTHERS 3 (2.46)
19
RESULT
20
Ho There is no difference of study performances
between male female medical students
T Test
Factors Mean S.D. Mean S.D. t p
Factors Male Female t p
CGPA
Average between Semesters 1 2 2.82 0.42 2.81 0.34 0.197 0.845
Pgt0.05 NOT SIGNIFICANT Ho is NOT REJECTED
CONCLUSION THERE IS NO DIFFERENCE OF STUDY
PERFORMANCES BETWEEN MALE FEMALE MEDICAL
STUDENTS.
21
Ho There is no difference of study performances
between races among the medical students.
ANOVA ANOVA ANOVA ANOVA ANOVA
FACTORS AVERAGE CGPA OF SEM 1 2 AVERAGE CGPA OF SEM 1 2 AVERAGE CGPA OF SEM 1 2 AVERAGE CGPA OF SEM 1 2
FACTORS Mean S.D. F P  
SOCIODEMOGRAPHY  
Races  
Malay 2.64 0.30 22.946 0.001  
Chinese 3.12 0.30 22.946 0.001  
Indian 2.75 0.39 22.946 0.001  
Others 2.81 0.43 22.946 0.001  
Plt0.05 SIGNIFICANT Ho is REJECTED
CONCLUSION THERE IS A SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE
IN STUDY PERFORMANCES ACCORDING TO RACE, AMONG
UKM 2ND YR MEDICAL STUDENTS (CHINESE STUDENTS
HAVE HIGHER MEAN CGPA)
22
Ho There is no influence of family background on
the CGPA achieved.
ANOVA ANOVA ANOVA ANOVA ANOVA
FACTORS CGPA CGPA CGPA CGPA
FACTORS Mean S.D. F P  
FAMILY  
Familys Expectation  
High 2.75 0.34 2.900 0.059  
Medium 2.87 0.41 2.900 0.059  
Low 3.02 0.34 2.900 0.059  
 
Pgt0.05 NOT SIGNIFICANT Ho is NOT REJECTED
CONCLUSION THERE IS NO SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE
IN CGPA ACCORDING TO FAMILY BACKGROUND, AMONG UKM
2ND YR MEDICAL STUDENTS.
23
Ho There are no influences of peers on the CGPA
achieved.
ANOVA ANOVA ANOVA ANOVA ANOVA
FACTORS CGPA CGPA CGPA CGPA
FACTORS Mean S.D. F P  
PEER  
Feelings regarding relationship with friends  
Excellent 2.76 0.37 0.258 0.856  
Good 2.83 0.39 0.258 0.856  
Average 2.85 0.47 0.258 0.856  
Unsatisfied 2.89 0.27 0.258 0.856  
Feelings regarding relationship with partner  
Excellent 2.90 0.31 0.445 0.722  
Good 2.73 0.43 0.445 0.722  
Average 2.68 0.41 0.445 0.722  
Unsatisfied 2.81 0.38 0.445 0.722  
Effect regarding both Relationships  
Motivated 2.86 0.33 0.975 0.380  
Distress 2.91 0.08 0.975 0.380  
No Comment 2.76 0.42 0.975 0.380  
 
Pgt0.05 NOT SIGNIFICANT Ho is NOT REJECTED
CONCLUSION THERE IS NO SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE
IN CGPA SCORE ACCORDING TO PEER INFLUENCE, AMONG
UKM 2ND YR MEDICAL STUDENTS.
24
Ho There is no difference between method of
study with CGPA achieved.
Chi-Square Test
Factors Average CGPA for both semesters Average CGPA for both semesters ?2 p
Factors Above average Below average ?2 p
Studying method
Individual 58 (59.2) 40 (40.8) 7.146 0.028
Group 4 (33.3) 8 (66.7)
Other 3 (25.0) 9 (75.0)
Plt0.05 SIGNIFICANT Ho is REJECTED
CONCLUSION THERE IS AN ASSOCIATION BETWEEN
METHOD OF STUDY WITH CGPA ACHIEVED BY UKM 2ND YR
MEDICAL STUDENTS (individual study method is
associated with above average CGPA, compared to
other methods)
25
Ho There is no association between dietary and
physical lifestyle habits, with the
CGPA achieved.
Chi-Square Test
Factors Average CGPA for both semesters Average CGPA for both semesters ?2 p
Factors Above average Below average ?2 p
PHYSICAL
Exercise
Yes 35 (51.5) 33 (48.5) 0.126 0.723
No 29 (54.7) 24 (45.3)
DIET
Breakfast
Yes 42 (56.8) 32 (43.2) 0.914 0.339
No 23 (47.9) 25 (52.1)
Lunch
Yes 52 (54.2) 44 (45.8) 0.143 0.706
No 13 (50.0) 13 (50.0)
Dinner
Yes 45 (51.7) 42 (48.3) 0.294 0.587
No 20 (57.1) 15 (42.9)
Pgt0.05 NOT SIGNIFICANT Ho is NOT REJECTED
CONCLUSION DIETARY AND PHYSICAL LIFESTYLE
HABITS DO NOT SIGNIFICANTLY INFLUENCE THE CGPA
ACHIEVED BY UKM 2ND YR MEDICAL STUDENTS.
26
Ho There is no influence of study environment
with the CGPA achieved.
CORRELATION CORRELATION CORRELATION CORRELATION  
FACTORS CGPA CGPA CGPA  
FACTORS Average both Semesters Average both Semesters Average both Semesters  
FACTORS r Indication p p

STUDY ENVIRONMENT
Rate study environment 0.214 Poor 0.018 0.018
Plt0.05 SIGNIFICANT Ho is REJECTED
CONCLUSION THERE IS A WEAK BUT SIGNIFICANT
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN STUDY ENVIRONMENT AND THE
CGPA ACHIEVED BY UKM 2ND YR MEDICAL STUDENTS.
27
Ho There is no difference of CGPA achieved
between medical students who have strong
spirituality and students who do not.
Chi Square Test
Factors Average CGPA for both semesters Average CGPA for both semesters ?2 p
Factors Above average Below average ?2 p
SPIRITUALITY
Does being religious help in study performances?
Yes 45 (46.4) 52 (53.6) 9.019 0.003
No 20 (80.0) 5 (20.0)
Plt0.05 SIGNIFICANT Ho is REJECTED
CONCLUSION THERE IS A SIGNIFICANT ASSOCIATION
BETWEEN STUDY PERFORMANCE AND SPIRITUALITY AMONG
UKM 2ND YR MEDICAL STUDENTS.
28
STUDY LIMITATIONS

• This study sample size (N 122) is approximately
  only slightly over half of total 2nd yr class
  size (gt 200)
• May not accurately represent the true picture for
  entire class
• Study results applicable mainly to UKM 2nd yr
  medical student population
• Respondents in other yrs / courses /
  universities may have different opinions / give
  different results
• Recall bias
• Students memory to respond to questions
  involving past semesters may be less accurate
  with passage of time

29
CONCLUSION

• The factors that affect the study performances
  (CGPA) of 2nd year medical students are
• RACES
• METHOD OF STUDY
• STUDY ENVIRONMENT
• SPIRITUALITY
• The factors that do not affect the study
  performances (CGPA)
• GENDER
• FAMILY BACKGROUND
• INFLUENCE OF PEERS
• SOCIAL LIFESTYLE

30
SUGGESTIONS

• Students should study individually because it
  give advantages for those who applied it
• Concentrate better
• We should choose a more conducive study
  environment to boost our study performance and
  achivement
• Be more spiritual!!!!!

31
REFERENCES

• Does Physical Activity Influence Academic
  Performance? by Leslee J. Scheuer, Graduate
  Student and Dr. Debby Mitchell, Ed.D. Associate
  Professor Physical Education / Sports Fitness
  University of Central Florida- Orlando, FL USA
• Diet quality and academic performance, Journal
  of School Health by Florence, Michelle D.
  Asbridge, Mark Veugelers, Paul J.
• Carol S. Weinstein, "The Physical Environment of
  School A Review of the Research," Review of
  Educational Research, vol. 49, no. 4 (Autumn
  1979), pp. 577610.
• Use of Spiritual Practices and Classroom
  Rituals of Connection to Reduce Impact of Stress
  in Social Work Students, by Marleen Milner Pam
  Criss.

32
Thank You for Your Kind Attention