Paul Lawson and Brad Baker (SPEC)

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Microphysical and Radiative Properties of
Tropical Clouds Results from TC4 and NAMMA
Paul Lawson and Brad Baker (SPEC) Eric Jensen
(NASA ARC), David Mitchell (Dri)
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Anvil and Turrets on 7/24
Aged Anvil Cirrus on 8/8
In Situ Cirrus on 7/22
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Decrease in Number Concentration,
Extinction and Mass Across a TC4 Anvil from DC-8
In Situ Data at FL370 on 24 July 2008
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Jensen et al. (2009)
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TWP-ICE 100 km Downwind
300 km Downwind
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Examples of Crystal Chains Formed in Continental
Anvils With High Electric Fields (Connolly et al.
2005 - QJRMS)
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Comparison of Cloud Radiative Heating Profiles

• Mitchell MADA Code used to Compute Optical
  Properties (SSA, g, bext) from 2D-S Area and Mass
  PSDs
• Optical Properties fed into Toon et al. (1989)
  Two-Stream Radiative Transfer Code to Compute
  Heating Rates.

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Comparison of Cloud Radiative Heating Profiles
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Comparison of Cloud Radiative Heating Profiles
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Comparison of Cloud Radiative Heating Profiles
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Comparison of Cloud Radiative Heating Profiles
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Comparison of Cloud Radiative Heating Profiles
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Summary
Conc. cc-1 ?ext Km-1 IWC g m-3 ?
0.1 0.5 0.01 0.5
0.1 1 0.03 2
0.5 15 0.5 25
5 50 1.5 500
In Situ Cirrus Aged Anvil
Cirrus Fresh Anvil Cirrus Convective
Turrets

• CVI and 2D-S IWC Agree to Within About 20 in the
  mean.
• Average Microphysical Properties are Similar from
  one Tropical Maritime Region (TC4) to Another
  (NAMMA)
• Significant Microphysical Variability (i.e.,
  Particle Concentration, bext, IWC, Particle
  Shape) Exists Within a Region on scales from Tens
  to Thousands of Kilometers, however, Particles
  from about 100 to 400 ??m Dominate Extinction
  and IWC in all Cloud Types.
• Two-Stream Radiative Transfer Model (Toon 1989)
  gives Cloud Heating Rates using Actual In Situ
  Measurements.