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Essential Question: How did the end of World War I change America in the 1920s? Warm-Up Question: How was America changed by World War I? Socially? – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Essential Question:


1
  • Essential Question
  • How did the end of World War I change America in
    the 1920s?
  • Warm-Up Question
  • How was America changed by World War I?
  • Socially?
  • Economically?
  • Politically?

2
The Roaring Twenties
  • Participation in WWI transformed the United
    States in the 1920s
  • The USA was the richest most developed country
    in the world
  • Mass production, high wages, new consumer goods
    forms of entertainment labeled the decade the
    Roaring Twenties

3
A Return to Normalcy
  • In 1920, Americans elected Republican Warren
    Harding who promised a return to normalcy

Americas present need is not heroics, but
healing not nostrums, but normalcy not
revolution, but restoration President Warren
Harding, 1920
What would a return to normalcy mean for
America after WWI?
4
What does this image reveal about America in the
1920s?
5
Foreign Policy
  • In the 1920s, American foreign policy returned
    to normal by embracing isolationism
  • The U.S. rejected the Treaty of Versailles
    never joined the League of Nations
  • Many citizens felt the U.S. was duped into
    joining WWI became committed to neutrality

6
Foreign Policy
  • However, U.S. isolationism was selective because
    the USA did play a role in world affairs
  • The U.S. hosted a naval conference aimed to
    reduce the military strength of all nations
  • Loaned European nations billions of dollars to
    help rebuild after WWI
  • Joined other world powers in a commitment to
    world peace by signing the Kellogg-Briand Pact

7
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8
What does this image quote reveal about
America in the 1920s? The chief business of
the American people is business. President
Calvin Coolidge, 1925
9
Pro-Business Policies
  • In the 1920s, three Republican presidents were
    elected (Harding, Coolidge, Hoover) who helped
    America return to normalcy by adopting
    pro-business policies
  • Kept taxes low so Americans could spend their
    wages
  • Kept govt interference in business to a minimum
    to allow private enterprise to flourish

10
Pro-Business Policies
  • Pro-business policies meant no new progressive
    reforms
  • Americans felt confident that reforms had limited
    the influence of monopolies, cleaned up cities,
    regulated the economy
  • As workers wages rose their hours declined,
    Americans were happy to spend their money

11
What do these images reveal about America in the
1920s?
12
The Roaring Twenties
  • Pro-business policies mass production
    techniques developed during WWI led to an
    industrial revolution in consumer goods
  • Industrial growth led to high wages for workers
    cheap products for Americans to buy
  • The appetite for consumer goods availability of
    cheap credit led to a decade of spending known as
    the Roaring Twenties

13
America entered an industrial revolution making
consumer goods like cars appliances
Henry Fords mass production techniques made
automobiles affordable for many Americans
14
Consumer Appliances
15
Entertainment
16
What do these images reveal about America in the
1920s?
17
Urbanization
By 1920, more people lived in cities than in
rural areas due to the industrial revolution,
mass immigration, jobs during WWI
18
Urbanization
  • The dominance of urban America divided society
  • Urban society was characterized by diversity,
    consumerism, freedom, entertainment
  • Rural society was characterized by religious
    fundamentalism, nativism, tradition
  • Throughout the 1920s, the values of these 2
    societies clashed

19
The 1920s Student Presentations
  • To understand the changes that took place in
    America in the 1920s, student groups will
    research 1 theme of the 1920s provide a brief
    class presentation
  • Provide a brief overview of the topic
  • Use the images to highlight specific examples or
    ideas
  • All students in groups are expected to
    participate in the presentation
  • After each presentation, the teacher will provide
    notes

20
America in the 1920sConsumerism
21
Consumerism
  • The 1920s saw a burst of personal prosperity
    consumer spending
  • Mass production led to a huge number of new
    products Cars, electric appliances, new
    fashions
  • Advertising boomed to convince people to spend
    their money
  • Companies offered ways for consumers to buy on
    credit through monthly installment plans

22
Consumer Goods, Advertising, Credit
23
America in the 1920sHarlem Renaissance
24
Harlem Renaissance
  • The Great Migration during WWI led to a
    concentration of African Americans in northern
    cities
  • The Harlem Renaissance was the flourishing of
    black culture
  • Jazz blended African European musical
    traditions into a distinctly American style of
    music
  • Louis Armstrong Duke Ellington were popular
    jazz musicians

25
The Jazz Age
26
Harlem Renaissance
  • The most popular author was Langston Hughes, who
    wrote poems novels about black pride
  • Harlem represented the New Negro the idea that
    African Americans should freely express
    themselves, embrace their culture, strive for
    racial equality

27
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28
America in the 1920sThe Changing Role of Women
29
Changing Role of Women
  • Womens roles changed in the 1920s
  • In 1920, the 19th Amendment granting women the
    right to vote (But, many women did not vote)
  • New fashion trends, voting rights, more
    leisure time led to an increased sense of freedom
  • Advertisers emphasized womens sexuality
    appearance

30
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31
Changing Role of Women
  • Many young, unmarried women embraced their
    independence sexuality as flappers
  • Fashions like shorter hemlines, bobbed hair,
    hats
  • Smoked cigarettes, drank alcohol, danced at
    clubs, used makeup
  • Many had sex outside of marriage used cars to
    park with boys
  • These behaviors were shocking to
    traditional-minded women

32
Flapper Fashion
33
America in the 1920sLiterature
34
Literature
  • The 1920s produced some of Americas most
    important literature
  • Authors F. Scott Fitzgerald Sinclair Lewis were
    critical of 1920s consumerism conformity
  • Some authors became part of a the Lost
    Generation who rejected war were very critical
    of American society

35
Significant Authors of the 1920s
Ernest Hemingway
F. Scott Fitzgerald
T. S. Eliot
36
America in the 1920sSports Mania
37
Sports Mania
  • New forms of entertainment emerged in the 1920s
    as Americans gained more leisure time personal
    income
  • Baseball, boxing, football were popular sports
  • Radio broadcasts brought sporting events to
    national audiences
  • Sports gave Americans a new generation of heroes

38
Sports Heroes of the 1920s
Baseball was segregated Satchel Paige Josh
Gibson were Negro League heroes
Babe Ruth of the New York Yankees was the biggest
sports hero of the 1920s
39
Sports Heroes of the 1920s
Heavyweight boxer Jack Dempsey was so popular,
his prize fights set financial attendance
records throughout the 1920s
40
Sports Heroes of the 1920s
Other sports heroes of the 1920s include Red
Grange, Gertrude Ederle, Bobby Jones
41
America in the 1920sMovies Radio
42
Popularity of Movies Radio
  • Movies radios became widely popular in the
    1920s
  • Over 500 stations connected the nation by
    broadcasting music, sports, as well as news,
    religious, comedic, dramatic programming
  • Talking movies helped grow Hollywood
    celebrity movie stars
  • By 1929, over 100 million people went to movies
    each week

43
Radio in the 1920s
44
Music of the 1920s
Tin Pan Alley produced 90 of the popular music
in the 1920s, focusing on ragtime, dance music,
jazz
Irving Berlin was the most popular of the ragtime
composersof the 1920s
45
Movies in the 1920s
The Jazz Singer was the first talking picture
46
America in the 1920sImproved Transportation
47
Improved Transportation
  • Automobiles transformed America
  • Henry Fords assembly line made cars affordable
    By 1929, 1 of 5 Americans owned a car
  • Car manufacturing became the biggest industry in
    the nation stimulated the U.S. economy
  • New roads, gas stations, shopping centers were
    built
  • Cars gave people freedom became a symbol of
    status

48
The Automobile
49
The Automobile
50
Improved Transportation
  • Airplanes captured the attention of Americans in
    the 1920s
  • In 1927, Charles Lindbergh made the 1st
    trans-Atlantic solo flight, becoming the
    biggest celebrity of the 1920s

51
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