Industrialization of Russia

1
Industrialization of Russia Japan

• Chapter 27

2
Japan

• 1600-1700s successful at keeping Europe out
• Highly ethnocentric and isolationist
• Citizens were not allowed to travel abroad
• 1800s IR made Europe US so powerful and crazed
  for markets they felt they couldnt keep them out

3
Japan

• 1853 Commodore Matthew Perry (US) arrived on a
  steamboat
• Realized their isolation? not to be able to
  compete economically and militarily
• Treaty of Kanagawa (1854)US favored
• Caused the Nationalist to get mad
• BUT organized (not like China) and the samurai
  revolted against the shogun and restored the
  Emperor Meiji

4
Japan

• Meiji RestorationShogun Out, Emperor In,
  Westerners Out
• Japanese Westernization
• Metric system, clocks, calendar, fashions NOT
  religion
• Emerged a world power
• Building RRs and steamships
• 1876 samurai class abolished and universal
  military service was established
• 1890s able to reduce European US influence

5
Japan

• Meiji Imperial Victories
• 1895 defeat China for control of Korea and Taiwan
• 1904 Russo-Japanese War kicked Russia out of
  Manchuria and established its own sphere of
  influence there
• NOW an IMPERIAL Power

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C/C Industrial Revolution in Europe and Japan

• Japans was faster (a few decades to Europes
  century)
• Japan didnt have to invent, but implement
• Similar that private corporations rose up (Ex.
  Mitsubishi family became wealthy)
• Built factories
• Urbanized
• reforms

7
Russia

• 1800s Russia consolidated power over its
  territory w/absolute power in the Romanovs hands
• Most citizens were serfs with no rightsliving
  slave-like existence
• Used secret police to squash rebellions and
  wanted reforms

8
Russia Reforms

• 1860s Alexander II started reforms inspired by
  the Enlightenment
• Emancipation Edictabolished serfdom, but didnt
  help b/c serfs had small amounts of land and owed
  the government so difficult to make
  improvements
• Some went to the cities to work in the factories
• Built the trans-Siberia RR major steel industry

9
Russia

• Late 1800s small middle class grew
• Arts flourished
• Anna Karenina, War Peace
• Swan Lake, Nutcracker
• Alexander II assassinated by a political group
  called The Peoples Will
• Alexander III installed RussificationCyrillic
  Orthodox religion
• Persecuted the Jews and others that didnt
• Terrible factory conditions

10
Russia

• Nicholas II (1894-1917)
• Socialist began to organized
• Defeated by Japan in 1904
• Bloody Sunday 1905moderates march on the czars
  palace in protest in order to reform
• Troops fired on protestors
• Resentment of the working class
• 1906 appointed Prime Minister and created a
  parliament, Duma, but disbanned when critical of
  him