Civics Core 100, Goal 3

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Civics Core 100, Goal 3

• Goal 3 The learner will analyze how state and
  local government is established by the North
  Carolina Constitution.

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Types of Local Government
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Types of Local Government

• Counties the entire county (100 in NC)
• Example New Hanover County
• Municipalities cities, towns, or villages
• Example Wilmington, Ogden, Wrightsville Beach,
  Carolina Beach, Kure Beach, Porters Neck
• Every county and municipal government has a
  legislative and executive branch
• Raise money through taxes(PRIMARILY PROPERTY
  TAXES)
• Spend public funds
• Set and Implement public policies

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What types of Local Governments are there?

• County New Hanover County
• City Wilmington
• Towns (Generally in New England)
• Villages Landfall?
• Special Districts New Hanover County School
  Board New Hanover County
• Water and Sewer
  

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Charter
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Charter

• Must get from the state to exist as a local
  government
• Outlines the basic rules for the municipal
  government
• Municipal charter can be changed by the General
  Assembly, or, by home rule amendments adopted
  by local governments

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Special State Elections
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Referendum
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Referendum

• Way for citizens to approve or reject a state or
  local law
• Examples School Bond Referendums

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Initiative
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Initiative

• Citizens can propose new laws or state
  constitutional amendments
• Citizens who want a new law gather signatures of
  qualified voters on a petition
• Then, the proposed law (proposition) is put on
  the ballot at the next general election

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Major State Court Cases
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Leandro Case
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Leandro Case

• Leandro v. State of North Carolina, 1997
• North Carolina Supreme Court
• People from 5 NC counties filed a lawsuit against
  the state claiming that the state was not giving
  their children adequate or equal educational
  opportunities
• These counties were low-wealth counties with
  little funding
• Court ruled that the state constitution does not
  require equal funding of education but does
  require an adequate education.

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State v. Munn
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State v. Munn

• 1830
• Slaveholder, John Mann, was arrested for beating
  and wounding an enslaved Africa American named
  Lydia
• Chowan County convicted Mann of battery
• The NC Supreme Court overruled the decision
• Ruled that the laws of NC state that slaveholders
  cannot be prosecuted for attacking the enslaved.

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Equal Protection Amendment
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14th Amendment

• 1868
• U.S. citizen is anyone born or naturalized in the
  U.S.
• Citizens must have equal protection of the laws
  and must be given due process of law
• Incorporates the Bill of Rights to the States as
  well. With the 14th Amendment the states must
  follow the Bill of Rights as well.

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Civil Rights
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Civil Rights

• Rights of full citizenship and equality under the
  law
• Usually associated with the struggles of African
  Americans in the US
• 100 years to secure their rights
• Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibited
  discrimination in public facilities, employment,
  education, and voter registration

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State / Local Leaders
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Governor
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Governor

• Head of executive branch in each state
• NCs governor Beverly Perdue

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North Carolina executives United States
Governor Leader President
30 years old, 5 year citizen, 2 year resident Qualifications 35 years old, natural born citizen, 14 year resident
4 year terms- can serve 2 consecutive terms Term 4 year terms- can serve only 2 terms or 10 years
Same as president except no chief diplomat Roles of Leader HELP JED C Head of state, chief Executive, Legislative leader, Party leader, Judicial leader, Economic leader, chief Diplomat, Commander-in-Chief
Appointed by the Governor, more of an advisory role Cabinet Appointed by the President, approved by the Senate, runs executive departments
Elected officials running key executive departments, do not answer to the governor Council of State None. The executive department secretaries report to the President
Recall Removal process impeachment
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Council of State
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Council of State

• Executive department heads elected by the people
  of the state.
• These individuals are different from the
  governors or presidents cabinet in that they
  are directly elected by the people and therefore
  actually limit the governors powers.
• Examples Secretary of Insurance, etc.

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Mayor
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Mayor

• Head of executive branch in each city
• New Hanover Countys Mayor Bill Saffo

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General Assembly
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General Assembly

• North Carolinas State Legislature
• Creates NCs local governments and decides what
  authority and responsibility they have

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City Council
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City Council

• Local form of govt
• Elected officials sit on citys council
• Make decisions for the city