INDIAN RAILWAYS- AN INTRODUCTION

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INDIAN RAILWAYS- AN INTRODUCTION

• B.V.L.NARAYANA
• Senior professor / transportation management

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Scheme of presentation

• History of rail roads
• Evolution of IR
• Organizational structure and management
• Staffing pattern
• Management of staff
• Welfare activities
• Negotiating machineries
• Grievance redressal mechanisms

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History of Rail roads

• 1550 AD
• Roads of rails called wagon ways used in
  Germanywooden rails, horse drawn carriages
• 1776 AD
• Rails now of metal. Wheels metalcalled tram
  wayshorse drawn-spread all over Europe
• 1789AD
• William Jessop- invented the flanged wheel
• 1803 AD
• Steam engine built by Richard trevethick

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History of rail roads

• RAILROADS feasible due to invention of steam
  engine
• 1789- first flanged wheels designed Jessop
• 1804 first tramway steam engine built and used
  R. Trevithick
• 1825-Stockton and Darlington railways functional
• 1814-George Stephenson built first rail engine
• 1826- john Stevens- first American railroad
• 1857 first sleeping car built Pullman
• 1869-george Westinghouse invention of air brakes
• 1970s high speed technology

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HISTORY OF RAILRODS-INDIA

• 1832 first proposed in madrasbangalore
• 1836-survey carried out
• 1840- lord Hardinge decides to support building
  of railwaysirrespective of commercial viability
• 1845-two companies EIR and GIPR operating
• Dec 22 1851roorkee functional railway system to
  haul construction material
• April 16 1853- Bombay thane first passenger
  train run
• 15 august 1854 Howrah to hoogly

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History of railroads in India

• The British government encouraged the setting up
  of railways by private investors under a scheme
  that would guarantee an annual return of 5
  during the initial years of operation. Once
  completed, the company would be passed under
  government ownership, but would be operated by
  the company that built them.
• 1862-Howrah benaras
• 1870- East and west network linked 6400 kms and
  95 million pounds investment

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History of railroads India

• By 1880 the network had a route mileage of about
  14,500 km (9,000 miles), mostly radiating inward
  from the three major port cities of Bombay,
  Madras and Calcutta. By 1895, India had started
  building its own locomotives, and in 1896 sent
  engineers and locomotives to help build the
  ugandan railways .
• In 1900, the GIPR became a government owned
  company. The network spread to modern day states
  of Assam, Rajasthan and Andhra Pradesh and soon
  various independent kingdoms began to have their
  own rail systems.
• 1901 railway board constituted
• 1907 most companies taken over by
  governmentfirst electric locomotive
• 1914-1918impact of world war I
• 1920 61000 kms networkindependent railway
  budget
• 1940-44impact of second world war

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History of IR pre independence

• IRCA
• The Indian Railway Conference Association came
  into existence in the year 1902. AT that time
  railway network in India consisted of 19
  privately owned separate railways systems
  covering a total of 8,475 miles. Each company had
  formulated its own rules and regulations
  regarding charging, booking and carriage of
  Passengers and Goods. Due to multiplicity of
  rules the user was very much inconvenienced. With
  a view to overcome the difficulties in regard to
  different rules and regulations and to frame
  rules regarding movement of wagons of one railway
  system over the other, the Indian Railway
  Conference Association was formed in the year
  1902. Initially the Association was constituted
  to frame rules and regulations for booking of
  traffic and interchange of trains between
  railways, to act as a consultative Committee and
  as a Board of Arbitration. Subsequently the
  Committees for prescribing common standards for
  wagon maintenance and Classification were formed
  and by 1926 it was decided to have permanent
  Committees and Technical sections covering all
  spheres of Railway working under IRCA.

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History of IR post independence

• 1946 all company railways taken over by
  government. 40 railways in Pakistan
• 42 separate systems (32 Princely state railways)
  55000 KMSMulti gauge
• 1951- reorganization and merger of all company
  railways6 Zones
• 1952BG standard, indigenous production units
  electrification
• 1986-steam phased out
• Metro built in Calcutta
• 1998-konkan railway built

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EAST INDIAN RAILWAY -1860
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Some company railways

• BBCI
• The Bombay, Baroda, and Central India Railway
  (BBCI) was a company incorporated in 1855 to
  undertake the task of constructing a railway line
  between Bombay and Vadodara in India. BBCI
  completed the work in 1864. The first suburban
  railway in India was started by BBCI started
  between Virar and Colaba, a station in Bombay
  Backbay in the 1867
• The Colaba-Borivali section (37.8 km) was
  eletrified on 5 January, 1928 on the 1.5 kV DC
  system.
• 1936 electrification of churchgate-virar
• On 5 November 1951 the Bombay, Baroda, and
  Central India Railway was merged with the
  Saurashtra, Rajputana and Jaipur railways to give
  rise to the Western Railway.

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Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway

• The Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway was a
  railway company that operated in southern India.
  It was founded on January 1, 1908, by merging the
  Madras and the southern mahratta railways.
  Initially, its headquarters was at Royapuram in
  Madras but later shifted to a newly constructed
  building at Egmore, which was inaugurated on
  December 11, 1922. On April 1, 1944, its
  management was taken over directly by the
  Government of India.1 On 14 April, 1951, the
  Madras and South Mahratta Railway, the South
  indian railway and the mysore state railway were
  merged together to form the Southern Railway, one
  of the 16 zones of the Indian Railways

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MSM RAILWAY MAP OF NETWORK
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History of IR post independence

• 1946 all company railways taken over by
  government. 40 railways in Pakistan
• 42 separate systems (32 Princely state railways)
  55000 KMSMulti gauge
• 1951- reorganization and merger of all company
  railways6 Zones
• 1952BG standard, indigenous production units
  electrification
• 1986-steam phased out
• Metro built in Calcutta
• 1998-konkan railway built

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Network zones
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IR zonal RAILWAYS ON DATE
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Productivity over time
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Railway medical services
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Railway medical services
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Staff welfare

• Staff Benefit Fund is an important channel for
  providing additional facilities to railway
  employees and their families in the spheres of
  education, recreation, medicare, sports, scouting
  and cultural activities. Dispensaries under the
  indigenous systems of medicine, viz. Ayurvedic
  and Homeopathic, are run with the help of this
  Fund.

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Important statistics

• Approximately 42 staff have been provided with
  railway quarters.
• 253 canteens served subsidized meals and
  refreshments to employees during the year at
  their work-places.
• Co-operative societies of various types are
  encouraged as a part of welfare programme for
  employees.

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Important activities

• 171 registered Railwaymen's Consumer Co-operative
  Societies, 19 Railwaymen's Cooperative Housing
  Societies and 29 Labour Contract Cooperative
  Societies were functional on IR during 2007-08.
• IR attaches due importance to recreation for its
  employees and provides excellent facilities
  through Institutes/Clubs for sports, libraries,
  etc. and Holiday Homes to enable the employees
  and their families to enjoy holidays at nominal
  expenses.

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Railway Minister's Welfare and Relief Fund The
Fund provides financial assistance and relief to
railway employees and their families in times of
distress. Voluntary contributions from the
employees and Railway Women's Welfare
Organizations constitute the primary source of
the Fund. Life Line Express, with all medical
facilities, runs under the aegis of Rajiv Gandhi
Foundation, New Delhi for organizing medical
camps in the hinterland.
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• Railway Schools
• IR runs and manages 365 railway schools which
  include nearly 100 Senior/Secondary/High Schools.
  These schools provide quality education at
  subsidized cost to about one lakh children of
  railway employees and about 30,000 non-railway
  wards. There are about 5,500 teachers and about
  1,100 nonteaching staff employed in these railway
  schools. IR also supports 62 Kendriya Vidyalayas
  for the benefit of wards of railway employees.

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Empowerment, Welfare, and Development of Women

• IR is the largest employer in the country with
  13,94,520 employees of which 82,712 are women
  employees as on March 31, 2008.
• Various privileges are also available to women
  railway employees like maternity leave, special
  leave for promoting family welfare and most
  significantly Child Care Leave for a period of 2
  years which has been introduced recently.
• Complaint redressal system under gender
  discrimination
• Handicraft centres and Mahila Samities have been
  instituted to impart skills necessary for
  pursuing income generating vocations. A specific
  outlay is earmarked under Staff Benefit Fund
  towards Women Empowerment Activities. This is for
  women family members
• Women Welfare Organisations are also being run by
  wives of Railway Officers who are also promoting
  the cause of women through activities like
  nursery schools, crèches, institutions for
  mentally challenged children, promoting talent
  amongst wards of the employees and rendering
  necessary financial assistance in deserving
  cases.

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Other major activities

• Sports
• Help to differently abled persons
• Concessions
• Facilities at stations and in coaches
• Reservation in posts-3
• Staff grievance redressal system
• Pension adalats
• Permanent negotiating machinery

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Undertaking under IR

• CONCOR
• Set up in 1989
• 3500 crores turn over
• 22 profit
• Center for railway information system
• Responsible for creation and implementation of
  major IT systems on IR
• Dedicated freight corridor corporation of India
• Set up 2006 November

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Undertakings under IR

• IRCON
• Set up 1976
• Internationally spread
• Construction company
• 2100 crores turnover
• IRCTC
• Manages catering, tourism and e-ticketing
• IRFC
• Facilitates market mobilization of finances for
  railways

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Undertakings under IR

• KRCL
• Started in 1998
• Runs 760 km long railway line
• PRCL
• RAILTEL
• RITES
• TECHNICAL, ECONOMIC AND CONSULLTANCY SERVICES

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Undertakings under IR

• RVNL
• to raise non budgetary resources SPV
• Construction activities
• Advisory boards
• Rail users committees
• Research advisory board
• Our heritage
• 3 heritage railways
• Rail museum

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ANY QUESTIONS THANK YOU