Nonrenewable Energy

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Nonrenewable Energy
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Energy

• Energy cannot be created or destroyed . . . so
  how do we get the energy we need?
• Energy can be changed from one form to another.
• The ultimate source of energy is the sun
• This energy is converted to chemical energy in a
  plant and then to other forms of energy that we
  use.

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Energy Conversion

• Fuel any substance from which energy can be
  obtained. Food is a fuel!
• Electricity is not common in nature. We convert
  other forms of
• energy into electricity.
• Fuel is burned to boil water
• Steam turns a turbine
• Which turns a generator to make electricity
• Energy conversion is not 100 - we lose energy to
  heat, light, and sound!

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Nonrenewable Resources

• Nonrenewable can be used up
• Fossil fuels
• Minerals
• Supplies are limited.
• We are using them faster than they can be
  replaced.
• Fossil fuel exhaust is polluting the environment.

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0rganic fuels

• Organic fuels contain carbon compounds from one
  living organisms
• Hydrocarbon compound composed of hydrogen and
  carbon only
• Fossil Fuels derived from the remains of
  organisms that lived long ago.
• Fossil fuels are formed when the bodies of plants
  and animals are covered over with rock
  compressed underground over millions of years.

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Energy Useand Resources

• The US uses the most energy and is the 3rd most
  populated.
• Canada uses the most energy per person.

• Where is most of the energy production
• Coal Asia (North America is 2nd)
• Natural Gas Europe (North America is 2nd)
• Oil Middle East
• Nuclear Europe

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Coal

• Peat, Lignite
• (40 carbon)
• Bituminous (85
• carbon),Anthracite (95 carbon)
• Millions of years ago, plants (mostly in swamps)
  died and the remains were buried. Over time
  pressure and heat forced out water and changed
  the material into coal. With more time, heat and
  pressure we get higher quality (more carbon)
  coal.
• Coal can also contain impurities like sulfur.
• Pollution come from mining and burning the coal!
• Waste rock, acid rain from sulfur, air pollution

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Petroleum

• Petroleum crude oil a liquid fossil fuel
  refined to make gasoline
• Believed to have formed from the remains of
  plankton and microscopic plants, protists, and
  animals.
• Used for a variety of purposes
• Fuel, grease, asphalt, synthetic fibers (ie
  nylon), plastics, etc)
• Released pollution by burning (smog, carbon
  dioxide, acid rain)
• Oil spills are a dramatic environmental concern
  but much more damage is done over time by burning
  the petroleum.

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Natural Gas

• Gas state fuel - Primary component is methane
• Burns cleaner than other fuels
• Used to be burned off to get to the oil beneath
  it but changing technologies have allowed us to
  use this resource better.
• Used in homes as an
• alternative to electricity
• powered appliances.

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The Future

• No large oil reserves have been discovered in the
  past decade!
• Geologists predict that oil production will peak
  around 2010! thats NOW!
• Today fossil supply 90 of energy used in
  develop countries
• Obama Administration goal Ensure 10 percent of
  our electricity comes from renewable sources by
  2012, and 25 percent by 2025.
• Most problems with fossil fuels fall into two
  categories availability and pollution

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Energy Use

• US uses more energy per person than any other
  country in the world except Canada and United
  Arab Emirates.
• WHY? - We use more than 25 of our energy to
  transport goods and people
• We have ample access to fuels and the cost of
  these fuels is lower than most other places in
  the world!

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Nuclear Energy

• Considered nonrenewable because the uranium fuel
  used is not renewable.
• Heat generated by fission (atoms breaking apart)
  is used to heat water and produce steam.
• We will talk more about this in detail!
• Major concerns include radioactive material
  handling and waste!