Roman Republic Exits; Roman Empire Enters

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Roman Republic Exits Roman Empire Enters

• Notes over Chapter 8, Sections 3 and 4

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Today youll learn more about how the idea of a
republic ended and how an empire began in Rome.
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• First, lets review
• What is a republic?

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• A form of government in which the leader is not a
  king or queen but someone put in office by
  citizens with the right to vote.

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Under the Republic, two (2) elected consuls
shared the head of government. Consuls were
members of the Senate who held the highest
position in government under the Republic.  
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1. Some of the problems facing the Roman
Republic

• The rich were getting richer, and the poor were
  getting poorer
• Farmers especially suffered
• Big fish eats little fish

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Big fish eating the little fish

• Plebs just couldnt compete with the Patricians.
• Wal-mart Example

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• 2. Latifundia were large farming estates created
  when wealthy Romans bought small farms.

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• 3. Farmers whose land had been bought traveled to
  cities to try to find jobs.
• Often hard to find
• Anger
• Roman politicians bribes
• Bread and circuses to avoid riots

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• 4. Many dishonest rulers were coming to power.

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• 5. Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus were two brothers
  who tried to change the government for the better
  and help out small farmers. They were both
  killed.

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• 6. The situation in Rome was like a civil
  warfighting and bickering among its own people.

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• 7. A triumvirate or an alliance of three people
  was set upJulius Caesar, Crassus, and Pompey.
  They ruled different sections of the republic.

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• 8. Crassus ended up dying, and the two remaining
  rulersJulius Caesar and Pompey would battle it
  out for control of Rome.
• Julius Caesar told the people, "I can solve
  Rome's problems."

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• 9. Julius Caesar was successful and declared
  himself dictator of Rome for life.
• Read pages 284, 285

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• 10. This idea of just declaring yourself ruler
  and not being elected led Rome to switch from a
  Republic to an Empire.

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• 11. Octavian, Julius Caesars grandnephew, became
  the first emperor of Rome. He gave himself the
  name, Augustus, which means the majestic one.

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12. The Pax Romana is a long time of peace that
began with Augustus.
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• 13. A permanent, professional army was created,
  the civil wars ended, and the hungry were fed.
  It was a much safer Rome.

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Volunteer to read

• Biography of Augustuspage 289
• Ceasar Augustus
• The Emperor of Rome when Jesus was born.

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The Bad Emperors

• 14. Caligula and Nero were cruel leaders.
• What were some examples your book gave to justify
  this statement?

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The Good Emperors

• 15. Nerva, Trajan, and Hadrian were known as the
  good emperors.
• Page 291
• List 2 accomplishments these emperors made.

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1. Money to help poor educate their children.
2. Public Building Projects (arches, bridges, roads,
   aqueducts, etc.)

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