And Reconstruction

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And Reconstruction

• 1865 through 1877
• A time for rebuilding the South and reunifying
  the country.

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Causes of the Civil War

• Popular sovereignty and new territories
• Dred Scott v. Sanford
• Compromise of 1850
• Election of 1860
• Slavery
• Secession

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Compare and Contrast

• Northern States
• Economy and its resources
• Government and leaders
• Military strategies and generals
• Casualties

• Southern States
• Economy and its resources
• Government and leaders
• Military strategies and generals
• Casualties

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Problems after the war

• Unemployment
• Starvation
• Illiteracy
• War torn communities
• Homelessness
• Hatred and resentment towards Blacks
• State governments in the South
• Punishment southern whites
• Economic breakdown in southern (agricultural)
  states

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What Would I Do?

• What laws would I change or add?
• What would I do with southern plantation owners?
• What would I do with former Confederate soldiers
  and other leaders?
• What would I do with former slaves?
• How could I improve the quality of life in the
  South?

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A Comparison Plans for Reconstruction

• Presidential Plan Republican
• Only Black soldiers were allowed to vote
• Ex-Confederates could vote
• Planters keep land
• Keep Blacks from being citizens
• Lenient
• States may re-enter Union and were pardoned
• Allowed for states to freely govern themselves

• Radical Reconstruction Plan Republican
• All Blacks would vote
• Disenfranchisement
• Planters redistribute land to Blacks
• 13th, 14th, 15th amendments
• Strict
• States may re-enter Union only if they wrote new
  state constitutions giving Blacks equal rights
• 5 Military Districts

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Analyze Amendments

• 13th, 14th and 15th Amendments, for each
• Read about each amendment
• Summarize its purpose
• Explain its significance during Reconstruction
• List positive and negative (long term or short
  term) effects.

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Landmark Supreme Court Cases

• Dred Scott v. Sanford

• Plessy v. Ferguson

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Reconstruction Collapses

• Sharecropping/Tenant Farming
• Ku Klux Klan
• Literacy tests and other state laws
• Southern States went unchecked for about 100
  years.

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1. Black Codes

• Laws passed in the Southern states after the
  Civil War. The laws controlled freedmen and
  enabled plantation owners to exploit African
  Americans. (Example curfews and contract work)

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2. Thirteenth Amendment

• (1865) Federal law that abolished slavery.

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3. Fourteenth Amendment

• (1868) Rights of Citizens this federal law
  made Blacks citizens.no state can deprive its
  citizens of life, liberty or property without due
  process

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4. Fifteenth Amendment

• (1870) This federal law prohibits the government
  from denying a person the right to vote based on
  race.

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Military Districts 1867

• Congress enacted this law that divided the
  southern states into 5 military districtsEach
  district was assigned a Union general to maintain
  peace and to protect the rights of Blacks.

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6. Freedmans Bureau

• A government program that helped to feed, clothe,
  and educate Blacksit also helped to find jobs
  for them.

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7. Plessy v. Ferguson 1896

• In this case the Supreme Court ruled in favor of
  Plessymaking separate but equal state laws
  legal. It made segregation legal in trains,
  schools, water fountains, theaters, busesetc.

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8. Ku Klux Klan

• A southern secret society organization that
  terrorized African Americans and anyone else that
  was sympathetic towards the Blacks.

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9. Literacy Tests

• Southern state tests designed to keep Blacks from
  voting.the tests were really really hard!

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10. Poll Tax

• Southern state laws that required registered
  voters to pay to votekept the poor away from the
  polls. Texas had a poll tax.

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11. Sharecropping

• A white plantation owner would provide a Black
  man and his family with seeds, tools, and a shack
  to live in. The Blacks would then work the land
  and grow the crops.then they would sell them and
  split the earnings.however, Blacks would go in
  debt with storeowners and could never leave the
  plantation.

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